Soil Temperature, Nitrogen Concentration, and Residence Time Affect Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency in Citrus

Scholberg, J.M.S.; Parsons, L. R.; Wheaton, T. A.; McNeal, B. L.; Morgan, Kelly T.

doi:10.2134/jeq2002.0759

Cited by 33 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…The fraction N which is derived from the fertilizer (Ndff) was calculated according to Hardarson (1990) A potential nitrogen leaching (PNL) index was introduced to quantify effects of N rates on N leaching and potential ground water contamination, with values defined as follows: PNL = 100 -NUE for NUE <100% (Scholberg et al, 2002).…”

Section: Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The logarithm of NUE linearly correlated with N rate at each phenological period; the slope of regression lines was significantly higher at flowering, which indicates the scarce response in N uptake when increasing N supply at early stages, thus resulting in an abrupt decrease in NUE. Slopes of correlation lines decreased later on, being the smoothest slope obtained at fruit growth period, as a result of the enhanced fertilizer N uptake in summer months when root system of the citrus trees is highly effective in taking up the N applied (Davies & Albrigo, 1994;Kubota et al, 1976aKubota et al, , 1976bScholberg et al, 2002). These results corroborate previous findings on the higher NUE when fertilizer was supplied on June (61%; Kubota et al, 1976b) if compared to earlier application on March (25%; Kubota et al, 1976a).…”

Section: Fertilizer N Uptake Efficiency: Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several factors affect fertilizer N uptake efficiency, including plant demand for N (Weinbaum et al, 1992), the rate, timing of application and water management (Lea-Cox et al, 2001;Syvertsen & Smith, 1996;Alva et al, 1998 andQuiñones et al, 2003 and2005), the form of N applied and soil type (Martínez et al, 2002;Quiñones et al, 2011). Other factors inherent to the plant, as size and depth of rot system, that determine the plant ability to intercept N before leached below the rootzone (Scholberg et al, 2002), can also influence NUE. Research efforts during the past decades have focused on the identification of several management and environmental factors that improve NUE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal Changes in Nitrate Uptake Efficiency in Young Potted Citrus Trees

Martínez‐Alcántara¹,

Quiñones²,

Primo‐Millo³

et al. 2012

JAS

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Fertilizer isotope labelling ( 15 N) of young Lane Late potted orange trees with differential N rates at three phenological periods (end of flowering, fruit set and fruit growth) was used to determine patterns of N uptake response and N efficiency (NUE) along the growing cycle. In a first experiment trees were fed with a saturating N solution in order to determine seasonal variations in N requirements. The second experiment tested four N rates which were equal to (N 1 ), two (N 2 ), three (N 3 ) and four-fold (N 4 ) the N requirements at each period. Increasing N rate diminished NUE being the decrease more acute at flowering as a consequence of the lower response in N uptake to increased N supply in this period. Theoretical NUE corresponding to a fertilizer rate that fulfills plant requirements in each period was calculated, being highest at the end of fruit set period (72%), which contrasted with the value obtained for flowering (28%), when potential nitrogen leaching reached therefore its maximum (71%).

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Section: Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fertilizer N Uptake Efficiency: Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Seasonal Changes in Nitrate Uptake Efficiency in Young Potted Citrus Trees

Martínez‐Alcántara¹,

Quiñones²,

Primo‐Millo³

et al. 2012

JAS

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“…Advanced fertigation systems combine drip irrigation and fertilizer application to deliver water and nutrients directly to the roots of crops, with the aim of synchronising the the root-zone, thus providing ideal conditions for rapid uptake of water and nutrients. Scholberg et al (2002) demonstrated that more frequent applications of a dilute N solution to citrus seedlings doubled nitrogen uptake efficiency compared with less frequent applications of a more concentrated nutrient solution. Delivery of N through fertigation reduces N losses in the soil-plant system by ammonia volatilisation and nitrate leaching (Alva et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of water movement and nitrate dynamics in a lysimeter planted with an orange tree

Phogat

Skewes

Cox

et al. 2013

Agricultural Water Management

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a b s t r a c tAdoption of high input irrigation management systems for South Australian horticultural crops seeks to provide greater control over timing of irrigation and fertilizer applications. The HYDRUS 2D/3D model was used to simulate water movement in the soil under an orange tree planted in a field lysimeter supplied with 68.6 mm of irrigation water over 29 days. Simulated volumetric water contents statistically matched those measured using a capacitance soil water probe. Statistical measures (MAE, RMSE, t cal ) indicating the correspondence between measured and simulated moisture content were within the acceptable range. The modelling efficiency (E) and the relative efficiency (RE) were in the satisfactory range, except RE at day 19. Simulated daily and cumulative drainage fluxes also matched measured values well. Cumulative drainage flux was 48.9% of applied water, indicating large water losses even under controlled water applications. High drainage losses were due to light texture of the soil and high rainfall (70 mm) during the experimental period. Simulated root water uptake was 40% of applied water.The calibrated HYDRUS model was also used to evaluate several scenarios involving nitrate fertigation. The numerical analysis of NO 3 -N dynamics showed that 25.5% of applied fertilizer was taken up by the orange tree within 15 days of fertigation commencement. The rest of the applied NO 3 -N (74.5%) remained in the soil, available for uptake, but was also vulnerable to leaching later in the growing season. The seasonal simulation revealed that NO 3 -N leaching accounted for 50.2% of nitrogen applied as fertilizer, and plant N recovery amounted to 42.1%. The scenario analysis further revealed that timing of a nitrogen application in an irrigation event had little impact on its uptake by citrus in the lysimeter. However, slightly higher NO 3 -N uptake efficiency occurred when fertigation was applied late in the daily irrigation schedule, or was spread out across all irrigation pulses, rather than being applied early or in the middle. Modelling also revealed that pulsing of irrigation had little impact on nitrate leaching and plant uptake. Applying less irrigation (50% or 75% of ET C ) resulted in higher nitrate uptake efficiency. This study showed that timing of water and fertilizer applications to an orange crop can be better regulated to enhance the efficiency of applied inputs under lysimeter conditions.

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“…Adequate water supply is, therefore, critical in maximizing crop production, nutrient use efficiency (NUE), and quality of most horticultural crops. Efficient water use may promote an increase in fertilizer retention in the effective root zone, maximizing crop production and minimizing the potential of groundwater degradation (e.g., nitrate-nitrogen (NO 3 --N) leaching) (Scholberg et al, 2002). A simple goal of the ideal irrigation scheduling would be to increase crop production with the least amount of water, therefore minimizing water loss by deep percolation, runoff or evaporation.…”

Section: Irrigation and Drainage Systems On Sandy Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%