Soil Microorganisms are Affected by Some of the New Insecticides

Smith, Nathan R.; Wenzel, Marie E.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1948.036159950012000c0053x

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Indeed, the key position of the nitrifying organisms in the nitrogen cycle, their role in plant nutrition and nitrogen losses and the great sensitivity of the autotrophs to environmental change A review of the literature with special attention to the chlorine-containing insecticides reveals that at least several authors mention aldrin as being harmless 6 s 14. Lindane application, at a rate of 50 kg/ha (17 ppm), did not result in changes in soil bacteria counts and activity was slightly increased in the case of nitrifying and cellulose-decomposing organisms 17 The same phenomenon was also demonstrated for heptachlore and dieldrin. On the other hand, I n o and E v e r e t t s observed that heptachlore and especially lindane depressed nitrate production.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

The influence of some chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides on the mineralization of N fertilizers and plant growth

Verstraeten

Vlassak

1973

Plant Soil

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The variable effects, previously observed under field and laboratory conditions, resulting from the application of the widely used chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides has stimulated further investigations. Because of the possible cumulative harmful effects of the insecticides on the activities of soil micro-organisms, several investigations tlave been concerned with the influence of these insecticides on the conversion of ammonia to nitrate.The present investigation is concerned with the relationship between the deleterious effect of certain pesticides on the activities of the soil microflora and the use of nitrogenous fertilizers; an aspect of the problem which has not previously been considered.The results of the investigation may allow the anomalous effects of the insecticides in the laboratory and in the field to be understood.The observations indicate that the basis of the effects of hexachlorocyclohexane on soils is as an inhibitor of nitrification.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

The influence of some chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides on the mineralization of N fertilizers and plant growth

Verstraeten

Vlassak

1973

Plant Soil

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“…Abnormally high concentrations of the insecticides did not significantly affect the non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Chlordane and benzene hexachloride were de finitely toxic to nitrifying organisms in the soil at 500 lb per acre as reported by Smith and Wenzel (1948). Martin et al (1959), using five annual field applications, found no effect on the soil organisms when eight chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides were applied at rates ranging from 1 to 20 lb per acre.…”

Section: Influence Of Pesticides On Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…After 10 days, growth appeared normal. Jones (1952) and Smith and Wenzel (1948) had similar results with DDT at rates as high as 200 and 400 lb per acre, respectively. In fact the former author noted a growth stimulation.…”

Section: Influence Of Pesticides On Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Metabolism of Parathion by Two Species of Rhizobium1

Mick¹,

Dahm²

1970

Journal of Economic Entomology

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“…'fireir effect on the fungal poinhtions may have some significance in relation to disease devclopment. A decrease in the numbers of soil fungi has been reported foilou,ing the:Lpplication o{ BHC (2,23), c}rlordane (23), DD'f (2) and aldrin (2). Incre:rsecl numbers of fungi were found rrfter treatment rvith toxapherre (2,23 (1,7,8,9,19,24 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%