Soil hydraulic properties as ecological indicators in forested watersheds impacted by mechanized military training

Perkins, D. B.; Haws, Nathan W.; Jawitz, James W.; Das, Bhabani S.; Rao, P. Suresh C.

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.07.003

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The latter relationship had been reported by Li recently used saturated hydraulic conductivity or field saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs from here on) as a descriptor of infiltration because it provides a homogeneous conceptual and practical framework, allowing comparison between sites with different characteristics. Besides Kfs is a variable particularly sensitive to soil disturbance and can be used as indicative of land use practices impact on the soil (Perkins et al, 2007;Schoenholtz et al, 2000;Berli et al, 2004). In this study the actual postulates of the Hydrologic Environmental Services Payment Program (Programa de Pago por Servicios Ambienteles Hidrológicos of CONAFOR) part of the National Ecosystem Services Program are put to the test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking hydropedology and ecosystem services: differential controls of surface field saturated hydraulic conductivity in a volcanic setting in central Mexico

Gómez-Tagle¹

2009

Preprint

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Abstract. In this study the variation of field saturated soil hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) as key control variable and descriptor of infiltration was examined by means of a constant head single ring infiltrometer. The study took place in five coverage types and land uses in a volcanic setting in central Mexico. The tested hypothesis was that there exist a positive relationship between plant cover and surface Kfs for the study area. The examined coverage types included; Second growth pine-oak forest, pasture land, fallow land, gully and Cupresus afforestation. Results indicate that Kfs did not depend exclusively of plant cover; it was related to surface horizontal expression of the unburied soil horizons and linked to land use history. Therefore the Kfs measured at a certain location did not depend exclusively of the actual land use, it was also influenced by soil bioturbation linked to plant succession patterns and land use management practices history. The hypothesis accounts partially the variation between sites. Kfs under dense plant cover at the Cupresus afforestation was statistically equal to that measured at the fallow land or the gully sites, while second growth pine-oak forest Kfs figures were over an order of magnitude higher than the rest of the coverage types. The results suggest the relevance of unburied soil horizons in the soil hydrologic response when present at the surface. Under these conditions loosing surface soil horizons due to erosion, not only fertility is lost, but environmental services generation potential. A conceptual model within the hydropedological approach is proposed. It explains the possible controls of Kfs, for this volcanic setting. Land use history driven erosion plays a decisive role in subsurface horizon presence at the surface and soil matrix characteristic determination, while plant succession patterns seem to be strongly linked to soil bioturbation and preferential flow channel formation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking hydropedology and ecosystem services: differential controls of surface field saturated hydraulic conductivity in a volcanic setting in central Mexico

Gómez-Tagle¹

2009

Preprint

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“…Moreover, small variation in local soil conditions caused by filling of the craters with other types of soil can potentially have a strong influence on the movement of moisture and, by extension, the transportation of dissolved contaminants such as RDX (Lewis et al, 2013). The hydraulic property of the unsaturated soil can also be perturbed by the maneuvers of heavy‐wheeled vehicles which, depending on the soil moisture content at the time of tracking, compact the soils, making them more prone to runoff and erosion (Reyers et al, 2005; Perkins et al, 2007). Burned areas caused by ammunition detonations are also particularly prone to runoff and erosion because of the fire‐induced formation of a hydrophobic layer at shallow depths, which prevents or limits water infiltration (Doerr et al, 2000, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Conceptual Model of Fate and Transport Processes for RDX Deposited to Surface Soils of North American Active Demolition Sites

2017

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The use of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) as an energetic material (EM) in ammunition constituents such as detonators, primers, mines, and rocket boosters and in plastic explosives has led to an international warning on possible soil, surface water, and groundwater contamination on military training sites. In Canada, the demolition sites of range training areas are known to be the second most contaminated sites by EM residues in terms of their concentrations in soil after anti-tank ranges. This research proposes a conceptual model of the presence of RDX at the field scale at demolition sites according to previous soil and water characterization studies. This model illustrates the origin of RDX contamination, the main RDX transport pathways and processes, and the main threatened receptors. This conceptual model is of importance to visualize and understand RDX's environmental fate and behavior and to ultimately enable the production of a detailed quantitative model that can help to manage those RDX-contaminated sites.

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“…Military traffic, which includes maneuvers of wheeled or tracked heavy vehicles, is another significant factor that may affect soil. Compaction is the main negative impact of military traffic on soil, significantly modifying the hydraulic properties of soil and also making soils more vulnerable to erosion and runoff [47][48][49][50]. In saturated soils, excess loading could cause liquefaction, resulting in various issues, including mud formation [51].…”

Section: Physical Impact Of Military Activities On Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Contamination in Areas Impacted by Military Activities: A Critical Review

et al. 2020

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Military activities drastically affect soil properties mainly via physical/chemical disturbances during military training and warfare. The present paper aims to review (1) physical/chemical disturbances in soils following military activities, (2) approaches to characterization of contaminated military-impacted sites, and (3) advances in human health risk assessment for evaluating potential adverse impacts. A literature search mainly covering the period 2010–2020 but also including relevant selected papers published before 2010 was conducted. Selected studies (more than 160) were grouped as follows and then reviewed: ~40 on the presence of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), ~20 on energetic compounds (ECs) and chemical warfare agents (CWAs), ~40 on human health risk assessment, and generic limits/legislation, and ~60 supporting studies. Soil physical disturbances (e.g., compaction by military traffic) may drastically affect soil properties (e.g., hydraulic conductivity) causing environmental issues (e.g., increased erosion). Chemical disturbances are caused by the introduction of numerous PTEs, ECs, and CWAs and are of a wide nature. Available generic limits/legislation for these substances is limited, and their contents do not always overlap. Among numerous PTEs in military-impacted zones, Pb seems particularly problematic due to its high toxicity, abundance, and persistence. For ECs and CWAs, their highly variable physiochemical properties and biodegradability govern their specific distribution, environmental fate, and transport. Most site characterization includes proper spatial/vertical profiling, albeit without adequate consideration of contaminant speciation/fractionation. Human health risk assessment studies generally follow an agreed upon framework; however, the depth/adequacy of their use varies. Generic limits/legislation limited to a few countries do not always include all contaminants of concern, their content doesn’t overlap, and scientific basis is not always clear. Thus, a comprehensive scientific framework covering a range of contaminants is needed. Overall, contaminant speciation, fractionation, and mobility have not been fully considered in numerous studies. Chemical speciation and bioaccessibility, which directly affect the results for risk characterization, should be properly integrated into risk assessment processes for accurate results.

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Soil hydraulic properties as ecological indicators in forested watersheds impacted by mechanized military training

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Linking hydropedology and ecosystem services: differential controls of surface field saturated hydraulic conductivity in a volcanic setting in central Mexico

Linking hydropedology and ecosystem services: differential controls of surface field saturated hydraulic conductivity in a volcanic setting in central Mexico

A Conceptual Model of Fate and Transport Processes for RDX Deposited to Surface Soils of North American Active Demolition Sites

Soil Contamination in Areas Impacted by Military Activities: A Critical Review

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