Soil Fungal Community Characteristics and Mycelial Production Across a Disturbance Gradient in Lowland Dipterocarp Rainforest in Borneo

Robinson, Samuel; Elias, Dafydd; Johnson, David R.; Both, Sabine; Riutta, Terhi; Goodall, Tim; Majalap, Noreen; McNamara, Niall P.; Griffiths, Robert I.; Ostle, Nicholas J.

doi:10.3389/ffgc.2020.00064

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 104 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…Previous studies have shown that flooding was a crucial environmental factor that shaped fungal communities in lowland paddy soil [5,40], and although microbial diversity and richness in rice roots and paddy soils are not different between lowlands and uplands, flooding significantly reduced the abundance of AMF in lowland paddy soil [15]. Additionally, similar to our findings, the abundance of Ascomycota fungi such as Hypocreales, Hysteriales, Sordariales and Pleosporales was typically enriched in the flooded condition [15] since their members are ecologically and functionally considered saprotrophic and pathogenic fungi in lowland habitats [41]. Furthermore, in lowland rice roots, the enrichment of some Ascomycetes, particularly in the genus Trichoderma, can provide the host plants with plant growth promoting substances, drought tolerance and pathogen resistance [42][43][44].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Flooding overshadows phosphorus availability in controlling the intensity of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in Sangyod Muang Phatthalung lowland indica rice

Klinnawee¹,

Noirungsee²,

Nopphakat³

et al. 2021

ScienceAsia

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Phosphorus (P) availability and soil water are two important environmental factors in lowland rice paddies. They limit the ability of rice to form mutualistic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The dynamics of this symbiotic interaction are intensified by phosphorus deficiency and attenuated by anaerobic conditions. However, the effects of combined phosphorus deficiency and anaerobic conditions on AMF symbiosis in paddy soil were unproven. The main objective of this study is to determine the influence of phosphorus and water availabilities on indigenous AMF colonization and community in Sangyod Muang Phatthalung (SMP) rice. Rice seedlings were grown in pots containing P-deficient organic paddy soil with or without phosphorus fertilization under non-flooded and flooded conditions for 2, 4 and 6 weeks. The application and omission of P soil fertilization influenced phosphate accumulations in rice seedlings, producing conditions of P-sufficiency and P-deficiency, respectively, in the plants. To determine the effects of phosphorus and water availabilities on AMF colonization and community structures, roots were analyzed microscopically and molecularly. Flooding considerably reduced the intensity of indigenous AMF root colonization whereas the nonenrichment of P availability did not. Reduced AMF colonization was concomitant with lower abundances of two major Glomeromycota ASVs in roots under flooding. This result suggested that soil water availability plays the primary role in shaping AMF communities in SMP roots. This study emphasized the primacy of water management when considering the use of AMF in the production of SMP rice in an organic cultivation system.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Flooding overshadows phosphorus availability in controlling the intensity of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in Sangyod Muang Phatthalung lowland indica rice

Klinnawee¹,

Noirungsee²,

Nopphakat³

et al. 2021

ScienceAsia

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“…There was some indication that mycorrhizal respiration was reduced in logged plots, but due to the low signal to noise ratio the difference was not significant. Microbial studies in the same sites showed that mycelial hyphal productivity was not affected by logging, suggesting that the fungal community functioning may be relatively resilient (Robinson et al, 2020). Ectomycorrhizal fungal richness, abundance and diversity, on the other hand, was significantly reduced by logging, while arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community did not differ between the forest types (D. Elias et al, unpublished manuscript).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major and persistent shifts in below‐ground carbon dynamics and soil respiration following logging in tropical forests

Riutta

Kho

Teh

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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Soil respiration is the largest carbon efflux from the terrestrial ecosystem to the atmosphere, and selective logging influences soil respiration via changes in abiotic (temperature, moisture) and biotic (biomass, productivity, quantity and quality of necromass inputs) drivers. Logged forests are a predominant feature of the tropical forest landscape, their area exceeding that of intact forest. We quantified both total and component (root, mycorrhiza, litter, and soil organic matter, SOM) soil respiration in logged (n = 5) and old‐growth (n = 6) forest plots in Malaysian Borneo, a region which is a global hotspot for emission from forest degradation. We constructed a detailed below‐ground carbon budget including organic carbon inputs into the system via litterfall and root turnover. Total soil respiration was significantly higher in logged forests than in old‐growth forests (14.3 ± 0.23 and 12.7 ± 0.60 Mg C ha−1 year−1, respectively, p = 0.037). This was mainly due to the higher SOM respiration in logged forests (55 ± 3.1% of the total respiration in logged forests vs. 50 ± 3.0% in old‐growth forests). In old‐growth forests, annual SOM respiration was equal to the organic carbon inputs into the soil (difference between SOM respiration and inputs 0.18 Mg C ha−1 year−1, with 90% confidence intervals of −0.41 and 0.74 Mg C ha−1 year−1), indicating that the system is in equilibrium, while in logged forests SOM respiration exceeded the inputs by 4.2 Mg C ha−1 year−1 (90% CI of 3.6 and 4.9 Mg C ha−1 year−1), indicating that the soil is losing carbon. These results contribute towards understanding the impact of logging on below‐ground carbon dynamics, which is one of the key uncertainties in estimating emissions from forest degradation. This study demonstrates how significant perturbation of the below‐ground carbon balance, and consequent net soil carbon emissions, can persist for decades after a logging event in tropical forests.

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“…In Southeast Asia, NPP allocation to fine roots ranged between 10% and 14% for old‐growth lowland dipterocarp forests (Kho et al, 2013; Riutta et al, 2018), and between 6% and 30% in Kinabalu montane forests (Okada et al, 2017). This small fractional allocation to fine roots in South East Asia may be due to the ectomycorrhizal symbionts of the dipterocarp trees, which enhance nutrient uptake (Brearley., 2012; Robinson et al, 2020). In West African forests allocation to fine roots ranged between 22% and 33% (Moore et al, 2018; Morel, Adu Sasu, et al, 2019), similar rates were reported for a previous Amazon basin study (Malhi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine root dynamics across pantropical rainforest ecosystems

Huasco

Riutta

Pacha

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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Fine roots constitute a significant component of the net primary productivity (NPP) of forest ecosystems but are much less studied than aboveground NPP. Comparisons across sites and regions are also hampered by inconsistent methodologies, especially in tropical areas. Here, we present a novel dataset of fine root biomass, productivity, residence time, and allocation in tropical old‐growth rainforest sites worldwide, measured using consistent methods, and examine how these variables are related to consistently determined soil and climatic characteristics. Our pantropical dataset spans intensive monitoring plots in lowland (wet, semi‐deciduous, and deciduous) and montane tropical forests in South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia (n = 47). Large spatial variation in fine root dynamics was observed across montane and lowland forest types. In lowland forests, we found a strong positive linear relationship between fine root productivity and sand content, this relationship was even stronger when we considered the fractional allocation of total NPP to fine roots, demonstrating that understanding allocation adds explanatory power to understanding fine root productivity and total NPP. Fine root residence time was a function of multiple factors: soil sand content, soil pH, and maximum water deficit, with longest residence times in acidic, sandy, and water‐stressed soils. In tropical montane forests, on the other hand, a different set of relationships prevailed, highlighting the very different nature of montane and lowland forest biomes. Root productivity was a strong positive linear function of mean annual temperature, root residence time was a strong positive function of soil nitrogen content in montane forests, and lastly decreasing soil P content increased allocation of productivity to fine roots. In contrast to the lowlands, environmental conditions were a better predictor for fine root productivity than for fractional allocation of total NPP to fine roots, suggesting that root productivity is a particularly strong driver of NPP allocation in tropical mountain regions.

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Soil Fungal Community Characteristics and Mycelial Production Across a Disturbance Gradient in Lowland Dipterocarp Rainforest in Borneo

Cited by 9 publications

References 104 publications

Flooding overshadows phosphorus availability in controlling the intensity of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in Sangyod Muang Phatthalung lowland indica rice

Flooding overshadows phosphorus availability in controlling the intensity of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in Sangyod Muang Phatthalung lowland indica rice

Major and persistent shifts in below‐ground carbon dynamics and soil respiration following logging in tropical forests

Fine root dynamics across pantropical rainforest ecosystems

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