Soil Co2 Fluxes From Different Ages of Oil Palm in Tropical Peatland of Sarawak, Malaysia as Influenced by Environmental and Soil Properties

Melling, Lulie; Chaddy, Auldry; Goh, K. J.; Hatano, Ryusuke

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2013.982.2

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Conversely the rate of SRt increases linearly with base saturation increase (R 2 = 0.91, n = 6), as the result of CEC decrease but also potentially of increase in pH and eutrophy (Andriesse 1988). These relationships explain the lower SRt rates at our plantations as compared to SRt rates measured in Malaysia by Melling et al (2005Melling et al ( , 2013. Smaller SRt rates than observed elsewhere in Southeast Asia may also be associated with the intense land clearing fire history at our sites.…”

Section: Magnitude Of the Emissions And Land-use Change Implicationscontrasting

confidence: 41%

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Total and heterotrophic soil respiration in a swamp forest and oil palm plantations on peat in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

et al. 2017

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Heterotrophic respiration is a major component of the soil C balance however we critically lack understanding of its variation upon conversion of peat swamp forests in tropical areas. Our research focused on a primary peat swamp forest and two oil palm plantations aged 1 (OP2012) and 6 years (OP2007). Total and heterotrophic soil respiration were monitored over 13 months in paired control and trenched plots. Spatial variability was taken into account by differentiating hummocks from hollows in the forest; close to palm from far from palm positions in the plantations. Annual total soil respiration was the highest in the oldest plantation (13.8 ± 0.3 Mg C ha -1 year -1 ) followed by the forest and youngest plantation (12.9 ± 0.3 and 11.7 ± 0.4 Mg C ha , respectively). In contrast, the contribution of heterotrophic to total respiration and annual heterotrophic respiration were lower in the forest (55.1 ± 2.8%; 7.1 ± 0.4 Mg C ha -1 year -1 ) than in the plantations (82.5 ± 5.8 and 61.0 ± 2.3%; 9.6 ± 0.8 and 8.4 ± 0.3 Mg C ha -1 year -1 in the OP2012 and OP2007, respectively). The use of total soil respiration rates measured far from palms as an indicator of heterotrophic respiration, as proposed in the literature, overestimates peat and litter mineralization by around 21%. Preliminary budget estimates suggest that over the monitoring period, the peat was a net C source in all land uses; C loss in the plantations was more than twice the loss observed in the forest.

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Section: Magnitude Of the Emissions And Land-use Change Implicationscontrasting

confidence: 41%

“…fire history) and management practices. Melling et al (2013) found an increase in SRt along a chronosequence of plantations aged one, five and seven year old and attributed the rise to higher root respiration rates when the palms grow. Such an increase was also apparent in our results.…”

Section: Magnitude Of the Emissions And Land-use Change Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Total and heterotrophic soil respiration in a swamp forest and oil palm plantations on peat in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

et al. 2017

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“…The effect of temperature in accelerating CO2 emission expressed as temperature quotient (Q10) were reported higher when peat soil samples incubated in 22-30⁰C compared to the samples incubated at 10⁰C (Kechavarzi et al 2010). Linear relationship between CO2 flux and air and soil temperature were also found at 5 years after planting oil palm in Malaysia (r was 0.27 and 0.27 respectively for air and soil temperature) as stated in Melling et al (2013). Higher temperature may accelerate decomposition rate of soil organic carbon by increasing microbial activities (Liu et al 2018) and resulting higher CO2 emission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Higher and denser canopy result in higher evaporative demand and less energy for sensible heat or air temperature (Sabajo et al 2017;Bright et al 2015) leading to lower air and soil temperature (Luskin and Potts 2011). Air beneath canopies with high leaf area index (older oil palm) is cooler and has higher relative humidity during the day (Hardwick et al 2015;Melling et al 2013). The younger oil palm plantation results in the higher soil temperature probably due to the less canopy cover and hence increase the CO2 fluxes have been reported by some studies (Murdiyarso et al 2019;Jauhiainen et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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CO2 fluxes from drained tropical peatland used for oil palm plantation in relation to peat characteristics and crop age after planting

et al. 2019

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Large expansion of oil palm plantation on peatland has changed its important role for carbon sink into a carbon source. Conversion of peat swamp forest with high carbon density into a monoculture of oil palm has released the significant amount of carbon into atmosphere either carbon previously stored in forest biomass or carbon stored in peat organic matter. Drainage canal to artificially lower groundwater level as a prerequisite of oil palm cultivation provides the favorable condition for soil microbes activities in decomposing peat organic matter resulted in CO2 flux increase. The fluctuation of groundwater level and variation of environmental factors near the peat surface may regulate the rate of CO2 released from the soil. We aimed to measure CO2 fluxes from two sites of oil palm plantation with different peat characteristics and analyzed the correlation with groundwater level, soil temperature, air temperature, gravimetric water content, peat pH, oxidative reductive potential, and crop age. The measurement has been conducted from September 2016 to April 2017 in West Kalimantan, Indonesia by using portable infrared gas analyzer EGM 4. In addition to soil sampling at the same time as the gas measurement, we collected soil samples for some peat characteristics analysis consist of bulk density, particle density, porosity, soil organic matter, ash content, carbon, and nitrogen content prior to CO2 flux measurement. Our result shows that the difference of peat chemical characteristics between two sites has resulted in different CO2 flux. Oil palm ages seemed to affect CO2 flux by regulating microclimatic condition around crop canopy. Another finding is the insignificant relationship between CO2 fluxes and groundwater level unless the groundwater level reached more than 50 cm from the peat surface. It implies that maintaining groundwater level-up to 50 cm resulting in similar CO2 flux.

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Greenhouse gas emission factors for land use and land-use change in Southeast Asian peatlands

Hergoualc’h

Verchot

2013

Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change

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Soil Co2 Fluxes From Different Ages of Oil Palm in Tropical Peatland of Sarawak, Malaysia as Influenced by Environmental and Soil Properties

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Total and heterotrophic soil respiration in a swamp forest and oil palm plantations on peat in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Total and heterotrophic soil respiration in a swamp forest and oil palm plantations on peat in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

CO2 fluxes from drained tropical peatland used for oil palm plantation in relation to peat characteristics and crop age after planting

Greenhouse gas emission factors for land use and land-use change in Southeast Asian peatlands

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