Soil and Sediments Microzonation for Evaluation of Site Effects on Earthquake Damages in Mobarakeh, Esfahan, Iran

Rezaei, Khalil; Mumsaz, Nasibeh; Hejazi, Hasan; Sarraf, Reza; Norouzi, Susan

doi:10.4236/ojg.2012.24022

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…Surface geological conditions have significant effects on amplification and deamplification of strong ground motion at special frequencies (Borcherdt 1970;Joyner and Boore 1988;Zeng 1993;Olsen and Archuleta 1996;Woolery and Street 2002;Apostolidis et al 2004;Nguyen et al 2004;Teramo et al 2005;Hasancebi and Ulusay 2006;Leyton et al 2013). Past earthquakes such as the 1985 Mexico city (Mexico), the 1990 Manjil-rudbar earthquake (Iran), the 1994 Northridge earthquake (Los Angeles), the 1995 Kobe earthquake (Japan), the 1999 Izmir earthquake (Turkey) and the 2003 Bam earthquake (Iran) are evidences for local geology and soil deposit effects on ground motions and distribution of damages in metropolitan areas (Singh et al 1988;Somerville and Graves 1996;Tertulliani 2000;Bakir et al 2002;Jafari et al 2005;Rezaei et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic soil properties of some deep trenches in Mashhad city, NE Iran

et al. 2015

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Microtremor survey is achieved in order to evaluate the dynamical characteristics of surface layers. For this purpose, 13 trenches were selected and microtremor measurements were performed at the top and bottom of each trench. Floor spectral ratio (FRS) analysis was accomplished to obtain frequency and amplification of the trenches. The results of microtremor were compared with 1D equivalent linear analysis. Most of the fundamental frequencies obtained by 1D analysis are in good agreement with those calculated by microtremor technique. Irregularities in surface and subsurface geomorphic conditions tend to have differences in results obtained by both mentioned methods. Damping ratios were derived from the half power bandwidth method. The damping ratio varied between 2.1 in fine grain soils and 6.6 in sand soils.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic soil properties of some deep trenches in Mashhad city, NE Iran

et al. 2015

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Evaluation of Site Effects by Soil and Sediments in Karaj, Iran

Rezaei

2016

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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A review of seismic geophysical testing in Iran for building near-surface velocity models

2018

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It has long been understood that the near-surface structure of the earth affects several aspects of civil engineering practice, particularly in seismic applications. Therefore, the implementation of a competent subsurface exploration program not only addresses the need for comprehensive site characterization but also reduces the devastating consequences of seismic activities. Typical geotechnical practice for subsurface exploration has often relied on a combination of drilling, in situ testing such as standard penetration testing and cone penetration testing, and laboratory testing of field samples. However, geophysical techniques have been developed over the years to evaluate near-surface velocity models as a proxy for subsurface stiffness in seismic applications. In this regard, seismic geophysical methods such as refraction, reflection, downhole and crosshole testing, spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW), and multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) have continued to receive increased attention due to their advantages over traditional geotechnical subsurface exploration techniques. This has particularly been the case in the United States and in more developed countries across Europe and Asia. However, other countries have been slower to adopt such methods, and a comprehensive review of their domestic research literature can highlight potential improvements in their standards of practice for site characterization. Considering Iran, the domestic literature on seismic near-surface geophysical methods was investigated by examining the temporal variation of several parameters of interest, including the number of published studies, methods used (e.g., active versus passive), depth of investigation, geometry of subsurface profiles developed, and the desired application. Based on this review, it was noted that more than half of the seismic geophysical studies in Iran are exclusively relying on active approaches. Of these active-based methods, more than half rely on conventional seismic refraction. Moreover, approximately 75% of studies target depths equal to 30 m or shallower, and the overwhelming majority of publications (more than 80%) develop 1D profiles. Finally, it was observed that a lag time of multiple years was often required for state-of-the-art methods to be used in Iran, particularly in the case of refraction microtremor, SASW, and MASW. This lag time also implies that these methods have not been used domestically in certain applications where other countries have grown more accustomed to using these methods. Based on results of the increased rate of usage in recent years, it is expected that seismic geophysical testing, especially surface-wave methods, will become more common in Iran and that researchers as well as practitioners will adopt these methods for near-surface site characterization and other applications.

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Soil and Sediments Microzonation for Evaluation of Site Effects on Earthquake Damages in Mobarakeh, Esfahan, Iran

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Dynamic soil properties of some deep trenches in Mashhad city, NE Iran

Dynamic soil properties of some deep trenches in Mashhad city, NE Iran

Evaluation of Site Effects by Soil and Sediments in Karaj, Iran

A review of seismic geophysical testing in Iran for building near-surface velocity models

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