Soft and harder multivariate modelling in developing the properties of titanium dioxide pigments

Taavitsainen, Veli‐Matti; Jalava, Juho-Pertti

doi:10.1016/0169-7439(95)80105-i

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Mitochondria are the main source for the generation of ROS. 1,20 More than 90% of the oxygen consumed by mammalian cells is utilized in mitochondria, and up to 4% of this oxygen is transformed into ROS. 21 Dysfunction in electron transfer through the mitochondrial respiratory chain may result in the generation of ROS species such as superoxide anion radical (O 2 • ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and the hydroxyl radical (OH • ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the various nanomaterials, nanosized titanium dioxide (nano-TiO 2 ) is chemically inert, noncorrosive, and photocatalytic, thus, nano-TiO 2 has been widely applied in consumer products, pigments, 1 photocatalysts, 2 and cosmetic products. 3 For this reason, toxicological properties of nano-TiO 2 have been studied with several routes of exposure, including dermal, oral, and pulmonary exposures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain on the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Cytotoxicity in HaCaT Cells Induced by Nanosized Titanium Dioxide Under UVA Irradiation

Xue

Liu

et al. 2016

Int J Toxicol

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Nanosized titanium dioxide (nano-TiO) is widely used in the chemical, electrical, and electronic industries. Nanosized TiO has been reported to be an efficient photocatalyst, which is able to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) under UVA irradiation. In the present work, we evaluate the effect of mitochondrial respiratory chain on the generation of ROS and cytotoxicity in keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells induced by nano-TiO under UVA irradiation. HaCaT cells were pretreated with different inhibitors of mitochondrial respiratory chain and followed by treatment with 200 µg/mL nano-TiO, then exposed to UVA (365 nm) for 1 hour and cultured for 24 hours. Our results demonstrated that the complexes I and III of the mitochondrial respiratory chain are the major site in the ROS generation induced by nano-TiO Our results also demonstrated that the uncouplers of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation resulted in obvious changes in the production of intracellular ROS induced by nano-TiO The ROS sources of lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase had no significant effect on the ROS production. To some extent, nitric oxide synthase had effect on the ROS production. These results indicated that mitochondrial respiratory chain may be the main source of intracellular ROS production induced by nano-TiO.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain on the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Cytotoxicity in HaCaT Cells Induced by Nanosized Titanium Dioxide Under UVA Irradiation

Xue

Liu

et al. 2016

Int J Toxicol

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“…The TiO2 (Titanium Dioxide) has been widely used as a photocatalyst in many environmental and energy applications due to its efficient photoactivity, high stability, low cost, and safety to the environment and humans because of its potential effect to use solar energy to solve environmental problems and provide a recyclable and sustainable energy [1]. In addition, TiO2 has been produced for consumer products, paints, pigments, orthodontic composites, food and cosmetic products [2][3][4][5]. It is often used in the environmental and energy fields, including self-cleaning surfaces, air and water purification systems, sterilization, hydrogen evolution, and photo-electrochemical conversion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive and developmental toxicity screening test of new TiO2 GST in Sprague-Dawley rats

Baek

Park

Kim

et al. 2022

Environ Anal Health Toxicol

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TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles are widely used in paints, plastics, cosmetics, printing ink, rubber, food products, pharmaceuticals and other products (photocatalyst, etc.). However, there is little toxicological information during reproduction and developmental period. This study was performed to obtain safety data for new TiO<sub>2</sub> powder, GST (Green Sludge Titanium) produced through sludge recycling of the sewage treatment plant for Reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats in according to the OECD test guideline (TG 421). Based on the results of the dose-range finding study (14-day repeated toxicity), GST was orally administered to rats at doses of 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg B.W/day. Males were dosed for 35 days beginning 14 days before mating, and females for a maximum of 53 days beginning 14 days before mating to day 13 of lactation, including throughout the mating, gestation and lactation periods. In the reproductive and developmental examinations, there were no marked toxicities in terms of general clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, organ weights, macroscopic / microscopic findings, stages of spermatogenesis in the testis, reproductive finding (estrous cycle, copulation-fertility-gestation index), developmental finding (number of corpora lutea and implantations, pups parameters including live birth and viability index). The NOAEL for reproductive/developmental screening toxicity was concluded to be 2000 mg/kg/day under the present study conditions.

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“…The TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) has been widely used in a variety of products including consumer products, paints, pigments, orthodontic composites, food and cosmetic products [1][2][3][4]. In addition, TiO2 NPs are produced abundantly and used widely because of high stability, anticorrosive and photocatalytic properties [5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro acute inhalation toxicity for TiO2 (GST) using 3D human tissue model (EpiAirwayTM)

Jang

Park

et al. 2021

Environ Anal Health Toxicol

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The present study was performed to screen in vitro potential acute inhalation toxicity using an EpiAirwayTM tissue model (human tracheal/bronchial tissue) for the nano-sized titanium dioxide, GST manufactured as a photocatalyst through of sludge recycling and to compare with P-25 a commercialized photocatalytic material. According to the protocol provided by in vitro tissue manufacturer, the GST was exposure to the tissue for 3 hours in 450, 500, 650, 850 mg/mL concentration after preliminary dose range finding study and then tissue viability (%, IC75) was calculated using the MTT assay. Besides, the histopathological observation was performed to compare to the MTT assay. As a result of study, IC75 could not be confirmed at 850 mg/mL in both GST and P-25 and the grade was confirmed to be IC75> 600 mg/mL in vitro model tissue category. Therefore, it was considered that the GHS category could be classified as ‘No classification’ in screening method for potential acute inhalation toxicity. Also, not the morphological effects of epithelial cells in tissue model were observed compared with the vehicle control and histological findings were similar to the results of MTT Viability assay. Based on these results, the potential acute inhalation toxicity for GST produced through sludge recycling using in vitro tissue model inhalation toxicity showed that it could be non-hazardous substance. However, further study (in vivo study, etc.) is thought to be needed to ascertain whether GST is a toxic effect or safe.

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Soft and harder multivariate modelling in developing the properties of titanium dioxide pigments

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Evaluation of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain on the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Cytotoxicity in HaCaT Cells Induced by Nanosized Titanium Dioxide Under UVA Irradiation

Evaluation of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain on the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Cytotoxicity in HaCaT Cells Induced by Nanosized Titanium Dioxide Under UVA Irradiation

Reproductive and developmental toxicity screening test of new TiO2 GST in Sprague-Dawley rats

In vitro acute inhalation toxicity for TiO2 (GST) using 3D human tissue model (EpiAirwayTM)

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