Sodium modified hydroxyapatite: Highly efficient and stable solid-base catalyst for biodiesel production

Essamlali, Younes; Amadine, Othmane; Larzek, Mohamed; Len, Christophe; Zahouily, Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2017.07.028

Cited by 72 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The weight loss of the fresh nHAP was initially observed in the temperature range of 250°C to 600°C; this is because of the decomposition of hydroxide compound. In 50% sodium‐supported nHAP, the decomposition of the sodium and nitrate was observed between 600°C and 700°C where similar results have also been reported by Essamlali et al This is because of the different active sites present in the solid‐state reaction between sodium and nHAP. According to the results, TGA curve for used nHAP catalyst exhibited less weight loss up to 300°C, and increase in temperature of the catalyst was found relatively stable.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The absorption bands around 565 and 1045 cm −1 were assigned to the symmetrical vibrations of P─O phosphate group . The stretching vibration bands observed at 3570 and 3681 cm −1 confirm the presence of OH group . Uncalcined catalyst shows the carbonated bands at 1642 and 870 cm −1 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Conferring to the similar work reported by Essamlali et al, the impregnation of sodium nitrate on nHAP observed a new phase of NaCaPO 4. 33 Figure 4 shows that the characteristic absorption bands of fresh, Na-nHAP, and used catalyst were recorded with the range of 400 to 4000 cm −1 . Both calcined and uncalcined nHAP were compared with attribute the phase extant.…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…34,35 The stretching vibration bands observed at 3570 and 3681 cm −1 confirm the presence of OH group. 32,33 Uncalcined catalyst shows the carbonated bands at 1642 and 870 cm −1 . The amide group in uncalcined catalyst was confirmed in the absorption band at 1530 cm −1 and which was not observed in the calcined catalyst.…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis, characterization, and optimization of Schizochytrium biodiesel production using Na+‐doped nanohydroxyapatite

Kowthaman

Selvan

2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary The present work investigates the synthesis of a new and highly efficient sodium‐doped nanohydroxyapatite, as a heterogeneous catalyst for the production of fatty acid methyl esters from Schizochytrium algae oil. Sodium nitrate supported on nanohydroxyapatite catalyst was prepared using wet impregnation technique and calcinated at different temperatures. The synthesized nanocatalyst was characterized to determine the structural and morphological properties, using BET, XRD, TGA, FTIR, ICP, and TEM. Characterization results reported that the catalyst calcinated at 900°C exhibits good catalytic property. The catalyst was utilized for the production of biodiesel, under different reaction parameters through transesterification process. Response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were employed to evaluate the best combination of molar ratio, catalyst concentration, and reaction time for transesterification process. By using point prediction method, the optimum yield of 96% was achieved at the catalyst concentration of 9.5 wt% of oil, 1:12 molar ratio, and 121‐minute reaction time. The physiochemical properties of the biodiesel were determined, and the result suggested that the biodiesel produced met ASTM D6751 standard. The catalyst exhibits good catalytic performance on reusability up to six runs without the loss of molecular activity. Therefore, the synthesized heterogeneous catalyst derived from animal bone could be efficiently used for the biodiesel production.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Synthesis, characterization, and optimization of Schizochytrium biodiesel production using Na+‐doped nanohydroxyapatite

Kowthaman

Selvan

2019

Int J Energy Res

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“…After calcination at 800 °C for 3 h (Figure b), the crystal structure became sphere‐like due to the decomposition of carbonates and formation of CaO and MgO. The same morphology was observed in the literature . SEM images of the HAP catalyst show the sintering phenomenon, where particles became more rounded, and their surfaces became smoother.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Marble slurry derived hydroxyapatite as heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production from soybean oil

Gupta¹,

Agarwal²,

Dalai

2018

Can J Chem Eng

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In this study, utilization of waste marble slurry (MS) as an eco-friendly and low-cost heterogeneous catalyst is introduced for biodiesel production from soybean oil. Catalytic transesterification reaction was done to convert biodiesel from soybean oil using Marble slurry (MS) derived calcined marble slurry (CMS), and hydroxyapatite (HAP) as a heterogeneous catalyst. Marble slurry derived catalysts were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TGA with elemental analysis. Hammett indicator method and ion exchange method were also used to verify catalytic activities of the catalysts. The HAP provided the better biodiesel yield of 94 AE 1 % with the highest basicity (13.30 mmol/g) and basic strength than CMS under optimized reaction conditions: reaction temperature 65 8C; reaction time 3 h; methanol/oil molar ratio 9:1; and catalyst concentration 6 wt%. Reusability tests provide confirmation about the stability of the catalyst and slight fluctuations in catalytic activity and biodiesel yield when used up to five runs.

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Structure and Surface Study of Hydroxyapatite‐Based Materials

Costentin

Drouet

Salles

et al. 2022

Design and Applications of Hydroxyapatite‐Based Catalysts

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In addition to designing catalytic materials ever more active and selective, the emergence of new classes of greener catalysts remains very challenging. The apatite family system with hydroxyapatite (HA) structure appears as a good candidate for catalysis due to its ecocompatibility properties, its sorption ability toward organic molecules, and its tunable composition resulting into modulation of its surface properties. Depending on their mode of preparation, these inexpensive and environment-friendly apatitic calcium phosphates exhibit properties of relevance to catalysis, such as large surface area and various morphologies.However, most studies focused so far on the catalytic performance of these compounds, while the study of structure-reactivity relationships required for rationalized optimization remains rather limited. This chapter aims at providing tools to help understand the catalytic behavior of apatite compounds, giving details about their structure, surface properties, and reactivity; this will include both stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric compounds, sometimes biomimetic and potentially substituted. A special attention is dedicated to recent advances in the characterization of their structural properties (bulk and surface/interphase) that have a strong impact on their reactivity, through both experimental and computational approaches to study the mechanisms occurring in the structure or at the crystals surface, as well as thermodynamic and dynamical properties. Remaining characterization challenges for apatite-based catalysts will also be discussed. 1.an influence on the charges carried by the cation and on the related strength of the Ca-O interaction [127], which results in different adsorption properties with guest molecules. To go further, quantum calculations coupled with NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) resultsshowed the impact of the presence of OHions on the migration of Ca 2+ as well as the rotation of PO4 3groups [128]. In the hydroxyapatite structure, phosphate ions PO4 3are the largest components of the structure. As such, they provide a primary backbone via 3D compact-like piling, generating interstitial sites for the other ions of the structure. Metal cations such as Ca 2+ occupy two types of crystallographic sites, denoted Ca1 (4 sites per unit formula) and Ca2 (6 sites per unit formula), see Figure 2. Ca1 sites are localized along the trigonal axis with the coordinates (1/4, 3/4, 1/2) and (3/4, 1/4, 1/2), forming linear columns along the c-axis. Ca2 sites in contrast form equilateral triangles at z = 1/4 and z = 3/4 on the sixfold screw (senary) 63 axes. Adjacent Ca1 and Ca2 sites are linked through shared oxygen atoms from PO4 tetrahedra. Ca1 sites generate (distorted) polyhedra where the metal ion is in ninefold coordination, while in Ca2 sites it is in sevenfold coordination.The Ca2 triangles contribute to delimit so-called "apatitic channels" where ions such as OHare axially located (Figure 3) [116,120]. In calcium hydroxyapatite, the Ca2 triangular sites correspond to the narrow...

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Sodium modified hydroxyapatite: Highly efficient and stable solid-base catalyst for biodiesel production

Cited by 72 publications

References 49 publications

Synthesis, characterization, and optimization of Schizochytrium biodiesel production using Na+‐doped nanohydroxyapatite

Synthesis, characterization, and optimization of Schizochytrium biodiesel production using Na+‐doped nanohydroxyapatite

Marble slurry derived hydroxyapatite as heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production from soybean oil

Structure and Surface Study of Hydroxyapatite‐Based Materials

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