Sodium metabisulfite induces lipid peroxidation and apoptosis in rat gastric tissue

Abstract

Sodium metabisulfite (Na( 2)S(2)O(5)) is used as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent in a variety of drugs and functions as a preservative in many food preparations. This study was performed to elucidate the dose-dependent effects of sodium metabisulfite ingestion on rat gastric tissue apoptotic changes and lipid peroxidation. Forty male wistar rats, aged 3 months were used. They were randomly divided into four groups: control (C), the group treated with Na(2)S(2)O(5) (10 mg/kg; S1), the group treated with Na(2)S(2)O(5) (100 mg/kg; S2), the group treated with Na(2)S(2)O(5) (260 mg/kg; S3). Na( 2)S(2)O(5) was given by intragastric intubation for 35 days. In the S2 and S3 groups, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased markedly when compared with the control group. High doses of sulfite administration elevated number of apoptotic cells both in mucosa and submucosa layers of stomach in parallel with increased MDA levels. These results suggest that sodium metabisulfite increased lipid peroxidation and thus number of apoptotic cells on gastric tissue in dose-dependent manner.

Oxidative damage on the testes of adult rats by sodium metabisulfite (MBS)

“…Our result showed that MBS (520 mg/kg/day) given by intragastric intubation for 21 days, significantly increased the level of MDA in the testes of adult rats. This result is consistent with other previous reports (Aydin et al, 2005;Derin et al, 2008;Ercan et al, 2010). The mechanisms of sulfite-induced lipid peroxidation have been shown to involve SO 3 2-oxidation into a sulfite radical (SO 3 .-).…”

“…Sulfite can cause allergic reactions in humans, produces a variety of toxic effects in animals and may act as co-carcinogen (MacPherson, 2001;Gordon et al, 2004;Ercan et al, 2010). In humans, deficiency of sulfite oxidase, an enzyme which catalyses the oxidative detoxification of sulfite, leads to mental retardation, neurological symptoms such as spastic quadriplegia and early death (Niknahad and O'Brien, 2008).…”

Sulfites and Hypersensitivity Reactions

“…Sülfitler, tiamin, askorbik asit, B 12 vitamini ve K vitamini ile reaksiyona girer. Tiaminin sülfitolizisi, vitaminin besin değerini yokettiği için sağlığa zararlı olarak kabul edilir.…”

“…Buna ek olarak, mide lezyonları-nın ve apoptozun sodyum metabisülfit ile tetiklendiği gös-terilmiştir. Ghrelin'in ise mide hareketlerini ve boşalmasını artırmak için, stres ve iskeminin neden olduğu mide perfüz-yon yaralanmalara karşı ve sodyum metabisülfit kaynaklı mide hasarında mide mukozasını korumak için etkin olduğu saptanmıştır (11)(12)(13).…”

“…Bunun sülfitlerin sülfit oksidaz enzimi tarafın-dan sülfatlara dönüştürülmesi durumu olan sülfit oksidasyonunda B 12 'nin ko-faktör olarak rol oynaması nedeniyle olabileceği ileri sürülmüştür (46). Siyanokobalamin, sülfitin birikimini ve bu nedenle oluşan reaksiyonları önleyen sülfit-lerin ekstraselüler oksidasyonunu katalize ederek etkin olmaktadır (47).…”