Sodium azide induces mitotic recombination in Drosophila melanogaster larvae

González-César, Edna; Ramos-Morales, Patricia

doi:10.1016/s1383-5718(96)00142-8

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Sodium azide (NaN 3 ) is widely used in industry, agriculture, medical practice, and organic synthesis research [13]. It has a wide spectrum of biocidal activity and can be used as a fungicide, insecticide, and herbicide [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic cytotoxic effect of tetrachlorocatechol and sodium azide in Escherichia coli: Toxicity, metabolism, and mechanistic aspects

Levy

Chevion

2009

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is used in industrial and domestic applications, including as a biocide and a wood preservative. Metabolism of PCP undergoes oxidative dechlorination, forming tetrachlorocatechol (TCC) and tetrachlorohydroquinone (TCHQ). Both sodium azide (NaN(3)) and TCC appear naturally in soil. None of them are cytotoxic by themselves or facilitate autooxidation. Here, we show that their combination leads to synergistic cytotoxicity (>6 log bacterial killing) to Escherichia coli. The rate of oxygen consumption in a cell-free system showed that NaN(3) increases TCC oxidation by 520-fold. The synergism coefficient to cells was calculated as 96 or greater, and we have shown the formation of a new compound. It is suggested that the intermediate species, o-tetrachlorosemiquinine, and an unknown, nitrogen-centered free radical, both visualized by electron-spin resonance, are harmful species responsible for the synergistic cytotoxicity of TCC/NaN(3), rather than the endproduct formed during the reaction. Desferrioxamine and 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide offered nearly complete protection, but through radical scavenging rather than through chelating properties. The mechanism of damage for TCC compared to its analogue, TCHQ, were investigated, and whereas the cellular damage of TCHQ/NaN(3) is through a site-specific mechanism, in the case of TCC/NaN(3) it is through the accumulation of the component(s) in the bacterial cell membrane, eventually leading to dysfunction, as evidenced by electron microscopy.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic cytotoxic effect of tetrachlorocatechol and sodium azide in Escherichia coli: Toxicity, metabolism, and mechanistic aspects

Levy

Chevion

2009

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mutagenic potential of NaN 3 has been reported in several screening assays. NaN 3 , a common bactericide, pesticide, and industrial nitrogen gas generator, is known to be highly mutagenic in several organisms, including plants and animals (Rines 1985;Veleminsky and Anglis 1987;Owais and Kleinhofs 1988;Raicu and Mixich 1992;Grant and Salamone 1994;González-César and Ramos-Morales 1997). In organisms, NaN 3 is marginally mutagenic (Jones et al 1980;Arenaz et al 1989) and is not mutagenic in several organisms, such as Drosophila (Kamra and Gallopudi 1979) and Arabidopsis (Gichner and Veleminsky 1977).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Application of Different Concentrations of NaN3 for Different Times on the Morphological and Cytogenetic Characteristics of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Seedlings

Ilbaş

Eroğlu

2005

J Integrative Plant Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sodium azide (NaN 3 ) has been used in many biological studies as a mutagen. In the present study, the morphological and cytogenetic effects of NaN 3 on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings were investigated. Seeds of barley were treated with different concentrations of NaN 3 (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 mmol/L) and applied for different periods of time (3 and 4 h). Parameters investigated, except for the mitotic index, were determined on Days 7 and 14. Increasing concentrations of NaN 3 affected germination rates on Days 7 and 14 following application for 3 and 4 h. Although the length of the roots and leaves was affected by treatment with NaN 3 on Day 14 of the germination period, coleoptile length was affected by NaN 3 treatment on Day 7. Increasing concentrations of NaN 3 and increased treatment period decreased the mitotic index compared with the untreated control. The inhibitory effects of NaN 3 on the mitotic index indicate that NaN 3 can have genotoxic and mutagenic effects on barley seedlings.

show abstract

“…However, there are some studies reporting positive results to genotoxicity or mutagenicity of sodium azide in mammalian cells. Study on Drosophila melanogaster larvae conducted in 1996 reports induction of mitotic recombination in wing somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster larvae after chronic exposure [11]. Raicu and Mixich reported in 1992 that sodium azide encapsulated in liposomes produced chromosomal aberrations when introduced into human heteroploid HFp-2 cells [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Difficult Azide ion / Hydrazoic Acid Passes Biological Membranes: Experimental and Computational Study

Hartl

Žakelj

Dolenc

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hydrazoic acid (HN3) and its deprotonated form azide ion (N3ˉ) (AHA) are toxic since they inhibit cytochrome c oxidase complex IV (CoX IV) embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane as part of the enzyme complexes of the respiratory chain. Especially critical for its toxicology is inhibition of CoX IV in the central nervous system and cardiovascular system. Hydrazoic acid is an ionizable species and its affinity toward membranes and therewith associated permeabilities depend on the pH values of aqueous media on both sides of the membranes. In article, we addressed permeability of AHA through the biological membrane. In order to understand affinity of the membrane for neutral and ionized form of azide we measured octanol-water partition coefficients at pH values of 2.0 and 8.0, which are 2.01 and 0.00034, respectively. By using Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Assay (PAMPA) experiment, we measured effective permeability through the membrane, which is logPe -4.97 and -5.26 for pH values of 7.4 and pH 8.0, respectively. Experimental permeability was used to validate theoretical permeability, which was estimated by numerically solving a diffusion equation for AHA diffusion through the membrane. We demonstrated that the rate of permeation through the cell membrane of 8.46 ·104 s-1 is much higher than the rate of chemical step of CoX IV inhibition by azide of 200 s-1. The results of this study show that transport through the membranes does not represent the rate-limiting step and therefore does not control the rate of CoX IV inhibition in the mitochondria. Observed dynamics of azide poisoning is however controlled by circulation transport that takes place on a minute time scale.

show abstract

Sodium azide induces mitotic recombination in Drosophila melanogaster larvae

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Synergistic cytotoxic effect of tetrachlorocatechol and sodium azide in Escherichia coli: Toxicity, metabolism, and mechanistic aspects

Synergistic cytotoxic effect of tetrachlorocatechol and sodium azide in Escherichia coli: Toxicity, metabolism, and mechanistic aspects

Effects of the Application of Different Concentrations of NaN3 for Different Times on the Morphological and Cytogenetic Characteristics of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Seedlings

How Difficult Azide ion / Hydrazoic Acid Passes Biological Membranes: Experimental and Computational Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About