Sodiophilically Graded Gold Coating on Carbon Skeletons for Highly Stable Sodium Metal Anodes

Wu, Junxiong; Zou, Peichao; Ihsan‐Ul‐Haq, Muhammad; Mubarak, Nauman; Susca, Alessandro; Li, Baohua; Ciucci, Francesco; Kim, Jang Kyo

doi:10.1002/smll.202003815

Cited by 46 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…30 ) 41 , 67 – 69 , and relatively low ionic conductivity of the electrolyte of NaClO 4 in propylene carbonate 65 , 70 – 74 . In addition, even at a reduced capacity of 5 mAh cm −2 for the as-deposited Na anode 48 , 50 , 53 , 60 , 75 , 76 , our Na || NVP@C full cell with mPG-12@PP separator still displays good cycling stability with ~93% retention over 200 cycles, further indicating the effectiveness of mPG-12 for stable and high-energy-density Na metal batteries (Supplementary Fig. 31 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Achieving stable Na metal cycling via polydopamine/multilayer graphene coating of a polypropylene separator

et al. 2021

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Sodium metal batteries are considered one of the most promising low-cost high-energy-density electrochemical energy storage systems. However, the growth of unfavourable Na metal deposition and the limited cell cycle life hamper the application of this battery system at a large scale. Here, we propose the use of polypropylene separator coated with a composite material comprising polydopamine and multilayer graphene to tackle these issues. The oxygen- and nitrogen- containing moieties as well as the nano- and meso- porous network of the coating allow cycling of Na metal electrodes in symmetric cell configuration for over 2000 h with a stable 4 mV overpotential at 1 mA cm−2. When tested in full Na || Na3V2(PO4)3 coin cell, the coated separator enables the delivery of a stable capacity of about 100 mAh g−1 for 500 cycles (90% capacity retention) at a specific current of 235 mA g−1 and satisfactory rate capability performances (i.e., 75 mAh g−1 at 3.5 A g−1).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Achieving stable Na metal cycling via polydopamine/multilayer graphene coating of a polypropylene separator

et al. 2021

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“…One may doubt that enlarging the specific surface area of current collectors to reduce the local current density can significantly lower the nucleation overpotential. [ 31,34–36 ] However, in our case, the specific surface area of CMFS (246.7 m 2 g –1 ) is obviously lower than that of CFS (489.2 m 2 g –1 ), as demonstrated in Figure S10 (Supporting Information). Hence, the optimized nucleation behavior of CMFS is mainly attributed to the improved disorder degree, the increased defect concentration and correspondingly the enhanced “sodiophilic” property of the CMFS electrode.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

Low‐Barrier, Dendrite‐Free, and Stable Na Plating/Stripping Enabled by Gradient Sodiophilic Carbon Skeleton

Liang

Niu

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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Na metal anodes have attracted widespread attention due to their ultrahigh specific capacity, low redox potential as well as the huge abundance and ubiquitous distribution of sodium resources. However, the practical application of Na metal anodes is largely hindered by their poor cycling stability and safety issues, mainly caused by the uneven deposition and terrible dendrite growth of metallic Na. To regulate the Na deposition behavior and direct uniform plating, herein, a “gradient sodiophilic” carbon skeleton prompted by the difference in the disorder degree and defect concentration is proposed. These extraordinary features render the as‐proposed structure a promising accommodation for metallic Na, with a low nucleation overpotential of only 11.1 mV at 10 mA cm–2 and a small polarization voltage of 12 mV at 5 mA cm–2 in symmetric batteries. Impressively, the resultant structure reveals outstanding advantages in suppressing Na dendrites and thus enables a dendrite‐free Na metal anode. The findings gained in this work provide solutions to construct stable and dendrite‐free Na metal anodes through tailoring the Na deposition behavior.

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“…In contrast, Na@VG/CC and Na@CC electrodes are featured by unremitting voltage escalation and fluctuation, indicative of massive dendrite growth and severe SEI cracking. [ 44–47 ] Additionally, bare Na foil electrode delivers the largest overpotential (with an initial value of ≈50 mV) and shortest cyclic life (≈100 h). Note that the electrochemical performance shown in Figure 3d is superior to that in Figure 3a at 1.0 mA cm −2 under 1.0 mAh cm −2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronous Promotion in Sodiophilicity and Conductivity of Flexible Host via Vertical Graphene Cultivator for Longevous Sodium Metal Batteries

Gao

Liu

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Sodium (Na) metal batteries are nowadays appealing due to high specific capacity and low cost. However, major caveats including severe Na dendrite growth, unstable solid electrolyte interphase formation, and poor mechanical robustness have hampered its practicability. In this report, a highly sodiophilic and conductive host harnessing hierarchical vertical graphene (VG) cultivator and Co nanoparticle/N‐doped carbon decorator (Co‐VG/CC) is designed to accommodate Na metal throughout a facile infusion route. The strong interaction between Co‐VG/CC and Na is realized by sodiophilic Co nanoparticle/N‐doped carbon hybrid, resulting in excellent structural stability of the electrode. The well‐regulated Na adsorption behavior and uniform stripping/plating mechanism is systematically investigated via theoretical simulation in harmonization with in situ/ex situ electroanalytical analysis. In consequence, as‐derived Na@Co‐VG/CC electrode effectively inhibits the dendrite formation, resulting in promising electrochemical performances in symmetric cell configuration (functioning at an elevated rate of 5.0 mA cm−2 under 5.0 mAh cm−2 for 280 h, delivering a high capacity of 6.0 mAh cm−2 at 3.0 mA cm−2 for 1000 h and maintaining an ultralong lifespan up to 2000 h). Meanwhile, assembled flexible Na metal battery full cell can sustain to work for 120 h, representing a great advance in practical energy storage applications.

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Sodiophilically Graded Gold Coating on Carbon Skeletons for Highly Stable Sodium Metal Anodes

Cited by 46 publications

References 51 publications

Achieving stable Na metal cycling via polydopamine/multilayer graphene coating of a polypropylene separator

Achieving stable Na metal cycling via polydopamine/multilayer graphene coating of a polypropylene separator

Low‐Barrier, Dendrite‐Free, and Stable Na Plating/Stripping Enabled by Gradient Sodiophilic Carbon Skeleton

Synchronous Promotion in Sodiophilicity and Conductivity of Flexible Host via Vertical Graphene Cultivator for Longevous Sodium Metal Batteries

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