Sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with early childhood caries among preschool children of Western Maharashtra

Jain, Riya; Patil, Snehal; Shivakumar, K. M.; Srinivasan, Samuel Raj

doi:10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_158_17

Cited by 7 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Oral health is an important aspect of general health [ 1 ], with preschool children at high-risk for developing oral diseases [ 2 ]. Factors associated with oral disease include poor toothbrushing routine, poor dietary habits, low socioeconomic status and concurrent oral conditions [ 3 ]. Improper oral health care and altered dietary patterns interrupt the microbial homeostasis within the oral cavity, promoting biofilm formation responsible for oral diseases such as dental caries and gingivitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-schoolers’ tooth brushing behaviour and association with their oral health: a cross sectional study

et al. 2021

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Background Toothbrushing is an important yet neglected behaviour that affects the oral health of preschool children. Little is reported on parental supervision, an essential aspect of routine effective toothbrushing in this age group. The aim of this study was to evaluate pre-schoolers’ toothbrushing behaviour including parental involvement and its association with their oral health. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 92 preschool children (4–6 years) were invited to participate with their parents/guardians. Nine parameters of toothbrushing behaviour were assessed from parental responses (questionnaire) and observation of child and parents/guardians (video recording). Oral examination included recording plaque, gingival and dental caries indices. BORIS software was used to assess toothbrushing parameters and Smart PLS was used to perform association with a second-generation multivariate analysis to create models with and without confounding factors. Results Girls were slightly more (53%) than boys (47%). Children aged 4 years were slightly more in number (38%), followed by 6-year-olds and 5-year-olds. Nearly, 90% parents had tertiary education and 46% had more than 2 children. Differences were recorded in the reported and observed behaviour. Thirty-five percent parents/guardians reported using pea-size toothpaste amount but only 28% were observed. Forty percent reported to brush for 30 s–1 min, however 51% were observed to brush for 1–2 min. Half the children were observed to use fluoridated toothpaste (F < 1000 ppm) under parental supervision (11%). The mean (SD) plaque score reduction after toothbrushing was 10.80 (2.46), mean pre-brushing plaque score was 90.3 (10.2), mean gingival index was 0.89 (0.65) and mean dental caries status (ICDAS(1–6)) was 18.87 (12.39). Toothbrushing behaviour in terms of toothbrushing technique, duration, pattern and frequency, toothbrush type and grip type, toothpaste type and amount, post-brushing mouth rinsing and parental involvement contributed significantly to plaque score change (86%), dental caries status (73%), gingival index (66%) and pre-brushing plaque score (31%). The significant confounding variables had a small influence on oral health of preschool children. Conclusions Preschool children’s toothbrushing behaviour was inadequate while their oral health was poor, with a significant association between the two parameters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-schoolers’ tooth brushing behaviour and association with their oral health: a cross sectional study

et al. 2021

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“…Table 1 presents the main characteristics of forty-two selected studies, in general and according to the type of study and the data analysis (included or not in the meta-analysis). Overall, most studies were conducted in low-middle income countries (26)(27)(28)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)49,51,52,(54)(55)(56)(57)59,60,(62)(63)(64)66,67) and published from 2010 to present (26)(27)(28)(29)32,33,(35)(36)(37)(39)(40)(41)(42)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)…”

Section: Study Selection and Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Half of the studies had a sample population ranging from 501 to 1500 participants (26)(27)(28)30,31,34,(41)(42)(43)45,49,53,54,(56)(57)(58)(59)61,62,64,66) , and in all categories of data analysis, this sample size was the most frequent observed. Most longitudinal studies included in the meta-analysis investigated children aged < 6 years (28,30,40,53,57,59,60) , while children 6-19 years of age were more commonly investigated in case-control and cross-sectional studies (26,29,31,34,35,37,39,41,(44)(45)(46)48,49,52,(61)(62)(63)65,67) included in the meta-analysis and those included only in qualitative synthesis (27,…”

Section: Study Selection and Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most longitudinal studies included in the meta-analysis investigated children aged < 6 years (28,30,40,53,57,59,60) , while children 6-19 years of age were more commonly investigated in case-control and cross-sectional studies (26,29,31,34,35,37,39,41,(44)(45)(46)48,49,52,(61)(62)(63)65,67) included in the meta-analysis and those included only in qualitative synthesis (27,33,36,38,42,47,50,56,66) . A total of twentyeight studies were carried out with participants in schools (26)(27)(28)(29)(31)(32)(33)(34)(36)(37)(38)(41)(42)(43)…”

Section: Study Selection and Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of twentyeight studies were carried out with participants in schools (26)(27)(28)(29)(31)(32)(33)(34)(36)(37)(38)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)49,51,55,56,58,(61)(62)(63)(64)(65)67) , and only one was longitudinal (28) . A prevalence of dental caries > 70 % was found in six studies in general (26,46,51,52,57,67) , four of them were cross-sectional studies included in the meta-analysis (26,46,52,67) . Sugar-sweetened beverages (soft drinks and juices) were the UPF most frequently assessed, overall (26)(27)(28)(29)33,35,(39)(40)(41)(42)…”

Section: Study Selection and Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultra-processed food consumption and dental caries in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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This study summarized the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and dental caries in children and adolescents through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The search of PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus databases using the “PECOS” strategy retrieved 1,462 eligible articles. Only studies with humans aged ≤ 19 years old; that assessed groups of any UPF or specific UPF items; that measured dental caries as the decayed, filled, and missing surfaces or teeth indexes, based on the World Health Organization criteria; cross-sectional, case-control, cohort and all types of interventions that examined the adjusted association between UPF consumption and dental caries were included. All studies received qualitative evaluation. Meta-analysis using random-effects models combined multivariable-adjusted odd ratio (OR) for case-control and cross-sectional studies and risk ratio (RR) for longitudinal studies of the highest versus lowest category of UPF consumption. Forty-two studies were included in the qualitative synthesis and 27 in the meta-analysis. The pooled RR was 1.71 (95% CI 1.31-2.24), and the pooled OR was 1.55 (95% CI 1.37-1.75). The highest OR was found among participants who had dental caries prevalence >70% (OR=3.67, 95% CI 2.16; 6.23). Better evidence quality was found among cohort studies that evaluated children <6 years old. The findings suggest that higher UPF consumption is associated with greater dental caries in children and adolescents. Public health efforts to reduce UPF consumption are needed to improve the oral health of children and adolescents.

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Caries indicators in relation to healthcare access and hygienic‐dietary habits in Spanish preschoolers

Prieto‐Regueiro,

Gómez‐Santos,

Reichard‐Monefeldt

et al. 2024

Int J Dental Hygiene

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IntroductionDental caries continues to be a public healthcare problem due to its high prevalence and morbidity. It was proposed to evaluate caries indicators in relation to healthcare access and hygienic‐dietary habits in Spanish preschoolers.Materials and MethodsA cross‐sectional study was carried out on a random sample consisting of 343 patients ranging from 3 to 5 years of age in the primary care setting, the main measurements were: dental care access, hygienic‐dietary habits, and caries registration according to WHO criteria.ResultsThe prevalence of caries was 35.3% and mean ± standard deviation (SD) dft was 1.51 ± 2.93. Preschoolers who had ever visited the dentist had a higher dft occurrence than those who had never attended the dentist. The lower prevalence of caries was significantly associated with the frequency of two daily brushings versus non‐daily brushing (p = 0.007; 25.3% vs. 47.1%) and was 10.7% lower in patients who had the habit of night brushing (p = 0.041). The consumption of sugary liquids between meals implied a higher dft index.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of early childhood caries and the dental care access associated with poor oral health suggest the need to implement a multidisciplinary oral healthcare program that involves both healthcare and dental healthcare professionals in Primary Health Care Units without forgetting the participation of the community and local administrations.

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Sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with early childhood caries among preschool children of Western Maharashtra

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Pre-schoolers’ tooth brushing behaviour and association with their oral health: a cross sectional study

Pre-schoolers’ tooth brushing behaviour and association with their oral health: a cross sectional study

Ultra-processed food consumption and dental caries in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Caries indicators in relation to healthcare access and hygienic‐dietary habits in Spanish preschoolers

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