Social norms and elections: How elected rules can make behavior (in)appropriate

Apffelstaedt, Arno; Freundt, Jana; Oslislo, Christoph

doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2022.01.031

Cited by 22 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The concept of social norm is described as shared understanding regarding actions that are obligatory, permitted or forbidden that regulate everyday lives of the people including economic, political, and cultural decisions and practices (Hoffman & Patel, 2012:6). This is usually driven by the beliefs people have or hold about the way those (people) that are important to them such as parents, religious leaders, friends, and colleagues think and behave including the way they expect us to behave and think (Apffelstaedt, Freundt & Oslislo, 2021). Two distinctions have been made in the social norm discourse-the empirical and normative norms.…”

Section: Examining Vote Trading Narrative In Nigeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Vote Trading and Elections in Nigeria: Democracy as an Article of Trade?

Adeyeye,

Omodunbi

2024

gijmss

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This paper is underscored by the commodification and trading of votes in Nigeria which poses a threat to credible elections, democracy, and good governance. Domestic and global studies including election observers have established that there has always been widespread exchange of votes for money in Nigeria. In this regard, this paper looks at the issue of voting commodification in the country with a view to highlighting its attendant implications for present and future elections, democracy, and governance. Using descriptive and content analysis with data gathered through secondary sources the paper sought to answer the following questions: What is behind the narrative of vote trading in Nigeria? Why do politicians buy votes? Why do people sell votes? Is vote trading conditioned by individual beliefs or social norm? What are the consequences of vote trading on governance? What are the possible solutions to the problem? The paper argues that candidates and political parties engage in material gratification and vote trading during elections and that vote trading is propelled by independent, individual decision and mainly driven by material circumstances. It further contends that the more politicians engage in vote buying and gratification the more unstable the electoral process becomes as that prevents credible candidates from running for political office as they may not have the humongous amount required to contest in election. The study concludes that material vote selling and buying, and gratification pose negative tendencies for Nigerian political system, democracy, and good governance if not properly handled. The paper recommends among others taking political financing seriously with the electoral umpire- Independent Electoral Commission (INEC) more proactive in fighting vote trading and the electorates through political education be encouraged to avoid all kinds of inducements from political parties and candidates.

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Section: Examining Vote Trading Narrative In Nigeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Vote Trading and Elections in Nigeria: Democracy as an Article of Trade?

Adeyeye,

Omodunbi

2024

gijmss

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These results, especially those in figure 6 where an asymptotic state of alternatively prevailed cooperation and defection exists, strongly evidence that our model can provide players with free options to change their strategies and prove that our findings are not trivial. When social norms are added to our model, time-dependent regime shifts of cooperation and defection can be attached to empirical implications of ever-changing group decisions according to majority rules [59], as well as close relations between election outcomes and updating social norms [60].…”

Section: (B) Transitions Of Strategies and Fractions Of Social Norms ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Social norms and cooperation in higher-order networks

Ma,

Jiang,

Fang

et al. 2024

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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Recent research has been focused on understanding how cooperation is fostered through various mechanisms in cognitive settings, particularly through pairwise interactions. However, real-world interactions often extend beyond simple dyads, including multiple cliques with both pairwise and higher-order interactions. These complex interactions influence how individuals perceive and adapt their strategies based on social norms. We here introduce a model that explores the evolution of collective strategies and social norms within a heterogeneous environment, encompassing both dyadic and three-body interactions. We find that social norms play a crucial role in promoting cooperation in comparison with simply imitating the most successful neighbour. We also show that the rise of prosocial norms leads to increased cooperation across various social dilemmas, often resulting in shifts from defective to cooperative behaviour. Additionally, we observe that a moderate level of information privacy helps sustaining prosocial norms and curtails antisocial tendencies, even in situations where mutual defection might seem advantageous. Our research thus offers insights into the evolution of cooperation through the lens of social norm diffusion in higher-order networks.

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Verhaltensökonomische Erkenntnisse im Fundraising: Feldexperimente als Brücke zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis

Oslislo

2024

Handbuch Fundraising

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Social norms and elections: How elected rules can make behavior (in)appropriate

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Vote Trading and Elections in Nigeria: Democracy as an Article of Trade?

Vote Trading and Elections in Nigeria: Democracy as an Article of Trade?

Social norms and cooperation in higher-order networks

Verhaltensökonomische Erkenntnisse im Fundraising: Feldexperimente als Brücke zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis

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