2020
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-050944
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Social Media Elements, Ecologies, and Effects

Abstract: This review delineates core components of the social media ecosystem, specifying how online platforms complicate established social psychological effects. We assess four pairs of social media elements and effects: profiles and self-presentation; networks and social mobilization; streams and social comparison; and messages and social connectedness. In the process, we describe features and affordances that comprise each element, underscoring the complexity of social media contexts as they shift to a central topi… Show more

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Cited by 232 publications
(216 citation statements)
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References 161 publications
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“…This limits the evidence base severely, as findings on single applications may demonstrate little generalizability over time (e.g., due to changes in design or popularity). Instead, identifying key features used for CMC in numerous applications (e.g., status updates, profiles, private messages) should be a more future-proof way to study channels (Bayer et al, 2020).…”
Section: Measuring Cmc and Social Media Usementioning
confidence: 99%
“…This limits the evidence base severely, as findings on single applications may demonstrate little generalizability over time (e.g., due to changes in design or popularity). Instead, identifying key features used for CMC in numerous applications (e.g., status updates, profiles, private messages) should be a more future-proof way to study channels (Bayer et al, 2020).…”
Section: Measuring Cmc and Social Media Usementioning
confidence: 99%
“…For instance, classic types of CMC applications include email, chat rooms, or discussion boards, later joined by texting and instant messengers. More recently, applications that allow users to engage in interactions with both broad and narrow audiences have been defined under the labels of social media, with social network sites (SNS) often considered a sub-type of social media (see Bayer, Triệu, & Ellison, 2020, for a detailed discussion). Studying such types of applications provides more detail than the device level, as it avoids conflating CMC and non-CMC device use in a simplistic measure of "screen time".…”
Section: Six Levels Of Cmc Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This limits the evidence base severely, as findings on single applications may demonstrate little generalizability over time (e.g., due to changes in design or popularity). Instead, identifying key features that allow CMC across applications (e.g., status updates, profiles, messaging) should be a more future-proof way to study channels (Bayer et al, 2020).…”
Section: Measuring Cmc and Social Media Usementioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The effects of the Internet and online communication and relatedness to friends and family need satisfaction remain unclear [35]. Previous studies have shown that internet and online communication are mainly linked to positive outcomes of relatedness to friends and family need satisfaction [36,37]. Few studies have demonstrated the opposite [25,38].…”
Section: Hypothesis 2 (H2)mentioning
confidence: 99%