Social Inequality in Mortality in São Paulo State, Brazil

Duncan, Bruce Bartholow; Rumel, Davi; Zelmanowicz, Alice de Medeiros; Mengue, Sotero Serrate; Santos, Simone dos; Dalmáz, Aneliése

doi:10.1093/ije/24.2.359

Cited by 28 publications

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“…Moreover, there are other information bias due to diagnostic limitations and inaccuracies at the time of the death certificate. [11][12][13] Another possible source of information bias refers to different disease interpretations provided by ICD, which consequently leads to different results in COPD epidemiology. Additionally, ICD change from version 9 to 10, in 1996, may have led to different results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality trends due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Brazil

Graudenz

Gazotto

2014

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality trends due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Brazil

Graudenz

Gazotto

2014

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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“…The diversity of information that the Study will produce can provide important input to better understand the causes of chronic diseases and to support public policies for fi ghting them. 6 Estudo mais recente mostrou que a mortalidade atribuível às doenças cardiovasculares em indivíduos entre 45 e 64 anos em Porto Alegre era 163% mais alta nos moradores de bairros classifi cados no pior quartil socioeconômico do que a daqueles situados no melhor quartil. 3 Maiores taxas de mortalidade por doenças cerebrovasculares entre indivíduos que se autoclassifi caram como pretos também foram descritas no País.…”

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Doenças crônicas não transmissíveis no Brasil: prioridade para enfrentamento e investigação

et al. 2012

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“…Social or economic gradients in adult mortality have consistently been observed in affluent societies 1 2 and studies in the developing world have also found substantial inequalities. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Increasing attention is now being paid to understanding the nature of such inequalities and the pathways through which they exert their effects. 10 One of the critical factors in this pathway is adult education.…”

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Effects of education and other socioeconomic factors on middle age mortality in rural Bangladesh

Hurt

2004

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

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Study objective: To examine socioeconomic gradients in mortality in adult women and their husbands in Bangladesh, paying particular attention to the independent effects of the educational status of each spouse. Design: Historical cohort study. Setting: Matlab, a rural area 60 km south east of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. Participants: 14 803 married women aged 45 or over and their husbands who were resident in the Matlab Demographic Surveillance area between 30 June 1982 and 31 December 1998. Main results: Mortality was lower in women with formal or Koranic education compared with those with none (adjusted rate ratio for formal education = 0.68, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.86; adjusted rate ratio for Koranic schooling = 0.82, 95% CI 0.66 to 1.00). After adjusting for her own education, the husband's level of education or occupation did not have an independent effect on a woman's survival. Men who had attended formal education had lower mortality than those without any education (adjusted rate ratio = 0.84, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.93), but men whose wives had been educated had an additional survival advantage independent of their own education and occupation (adjusted rate ratio = 0.76, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.87). Mortality in both sexes was also significantly associated with marital status and the percentage of surviving children, and in men was associated with the man's occupation, religion, area of residence. Conclusions: The data suggest that socioeconomic status has a strong influence on mortality in adults in Bangladesh. They also illustrate how important the continued promotion of education, particularly for women, may be for the survival of both women and men in rural Bangladesh. I t has long been recognised that people who are socially disadvantaged have higher mortality. Social or economic gradients in adult mortality have consistently been observed in affluent societies 1 2 and studies in the developing world have also found substantial inequalities.3-9 Increasing attention is now being paid to understanding the nature of such inequalities and the pathways through which they exert their effects. 10One of the critical factors in this pathway is adult education. In affluent societies, a consistent association between the educational status of adults and their mortality has been shown, independent of other social or economic factors.11-14 Effects are seen in both women and men, although they might be slightly weaker in women than in men.15 16 Factors thought to contribute to the lower mortality of educated people are improvements in their employment opportunities and material circumstances, and an increased knowledge about health matters with consequent reductions in risky health behaviours.11 13 [17][18][19][20] Evidence is also accruing that educated men and women in the developing world have lower mortality, but the mechanisms underlying this association are not fully understood. [7][8][9] Understanding social inequalities in developing countries may require looking into the independent effects of individuals within hous...

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Social Inequality in Mortality in São Paulo State, Brazil

Abstract: These data support the contention that mortality for Brazilian adults, even more so than for adults of the world's more economically developed nations, is inextricably bound to the issue of social equity.

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Mortality trends due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Brazil

Mortality trends due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Brazil

Doenças crônicas não transmissíveis no Brasil: prioridade para enfrentamento e investigação

Effects of education and other socioeconomic factors on middle age mortality in rural Bangladesh

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