Social, familial and psychological risk factors for mood and anxiety disorders in childhood and early adulthood: a birth cohort study using the Danish Registry System

Shevlin, Mark; Elklit, Ask; Christoffersen, Mogens Nygaard; Murphy, Jamie

doi:10.1007/s00127-016-1171-1

Cited by 33 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Accumulating evidence suggests that childhood social adversity, commonly captured by parental income, education and occupation, has a substantial influence on the occurrence of depression and depressive symptoms in childhood and adolescence (Amone-P’Olak et al, 2009; Butler, 2014; Goodyer, 2002; Hyland et al, 2016; Mossakowski, 2015). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood social adversity and risk of depressive symptoms in adolescence in a US national sample

Björkenstam

Pebley

Burström

et al. 2017

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Objective Childhood social adversity has been associated with an increased risk of depression and other psychiatric disorders in adolescence and early adulthood. However, the role of timing and accumulation of adversities has not yet been established in longitudinal studies. We examined the association between childhood adversities and adolescent depressive symptoms, and the impact of timing and accumulation of adversity. Method Longitudinal data were obtained from the Child Development Supplement to the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (n=2223), a nationally representative survey of US families that incorporates data from parents and their children. Negative binomial regression analysis was used to estimate effects of childhood social adversity on adolescent depressive symptoms, presented as Incidence Rate Ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results Children exposed to social adversity reported higher levels of adolescent depressive symptoms captured by two depression scales. Single-parent household and residential instability were particularly associated with depressive symptoms. A positive relationship was found between cumulative adversity and the risk of adolescent depression. The timing of exposure appeared to have little effect on the risk of adolescent depressive symptoms. Limitations The structure of the data implies that alternative causal pathways cannot be fully discounted. The self- or parent-reported data is subject to recall bias. Conclusion Our findings support the long-term negative impact of childhood adversity on adolescent depressive symptoms, regardless of when in childhood the adversity occurs. Policies and interventions to reduce adolescent depressive symptoms need to consider the social background of the family as an important risk or protective factor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood social adversity and risk of depressive symptoms in adolescence in a US national sample

Björkenstam

Pebley

Burström

et al. 2017

Journal of Affective Disorders

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“…; DSM -IV) anxiety disorders but who did have at least one risk factor for developing an anxiety disorder. Three risk factors for developing an anxiety disorder were derived from the literature: lifetime history of anxiety disorders (Batelaan et al, 2010; Moreno-Peral et al, 2014), exposure to childhood trauma (Graaf et al, 2002; Macmillan et al, 2001; Moreno-Peral et al, 2014) and family history for psychiatric disorders (Hyland et al, 2016; Moreno-Peral et al, 2014). Stage 0 was assigned to subjects with low symptom severity, stage 1A to subjects with mild to moderate symptom severity and stage 1B to subjects with moderate to severe symptom severity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A clinical staging approach to improving diagnostics in anxiety disorders: Is it the way to go?

Bokma

Batelaan

Hoogendoorn

et al. 2019

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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Background: Clinical staging is a paradigm in which stages of disease progression are identified; these, in turn, have prognostic value. A staging model that enables the prediction of long-term course in anxiety disorders is currently unavailable but much needed as course trajectories are highly heterogenic. This study therefore tailored a heuristic staging model to anxiety disorders and assessed its validity. Methods: A clinical staging model was tailored to anxiety disorders, distinguishing nine stages of disease progression varying from subclinical stages (0, 1A, 1B) to clinical stages (2A–4B). At-risk subjects and subjects with anxiety disorders ( n = 2352) from the longitudinal Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety were assigned to these nine stages. The model’s validity was assessed by comparing baseline (construct validity) and 2-year, 4-year and 6-year follow-up (predictive validity) differences in anxiety severity measures across stages. Differences in depression severity and disability were assessed as secondary outcome measures. Results: Results showed that the anxiety disorder staging model has construct and predictive validity. At baseline, differences in anxiety severity, social avoidance behaviors, agoraphobic avoidance behaviors, worrying, depressive symptoms and levels of disability existed across all stages (all p-values < 0.001). Over time, these differences between stages remained present until the 6-year follow-up. Differences across stages followed a linear trend in all analyses: higher stages were characterized by the worst outcomes. Regarding the stages, subjects with psychiatric comorbidity (stages 2B, 3B, 4B) showed a deteriorated course compared with those without comorbidity (stages 2A, 3A, 4A). Conclusion: A clinical staging tool would be useful in clinical practice to predict disease course in anxiety disorders.

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“…Other unmeasured factors may also play a role in the relation between motherchild mental health symptoms, namely poor parent-child attachment or inadequate supervision. These factors would be better explored using a longitudinal design [52].…”

Section: Mother's Mental Health Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in Portuguese primary school-aged children

et al. 2020

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Background: Symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress experienced during childhood might have a negative impact on development. This study explores factors associated with such symptoms among Portuguese primary school-aged children. Methods: A sample of children (n = 1022, mean age = 8.77 years old) was recruited in public and private schools from the cities of Coimbra, Lisbon and Porto, Portugal. The children's version of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-C) was self-administered. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to measure associations (expressed as Odds Ratio, OR and 95% Confidence Intervals, CI) between each DASS-C subscale, dichotomized by its 4th vs. 3rd or less quartiles (symptoms increase with scores), and covariates: child sex, age, socioeconomic status (SES), sports activity beyond school, children self-assessed health status, child and mother's body mass index and mother's DASS scores. Results: Age was negatively associated with anxiety symptoms (adjusted OR, 95% CI: 0.70, 0.57-0.87) and girls, compared to boys, presented lower odds of depressive and stress symptoms (adjusted OR, 95% CI: 0.65, 0.47-0.92 and 0.57, 0.41-0.80, respectively). A low socioeconomic status was associated with more frequent symptoms of stress (adjusted OR, 95%CI for low compared to high SES: 1.61, 1.01-2.56). Children with poorer self-assessed health status and whose mothers scored higher in the DASS also presented significantly higher odds of scoring in the 4th quartile (vs. 3rd or less) of the three DASS-C subscales. Conclusions: These results suggest the need to tailor preventive efforts targeting childhood mental health symptoms.

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Social, familial and psychological risk factors for mood and anxiety disorders in childhood and early adulthood: a birth cohort study using the Danish Registry System

Cited by 33 publications

References 39 publications

Childhood social adversity and risk of depressive symptoms in adolescence in a US national sample

Childhood social adversity and risk of depressive symptoms in adolescence in a US national sample

A clinical staging approach to improving diagnostics in anxiety disorders: Is it the way to go?

Self-reported symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in Portuguese primary school-aged children

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