Social defeat increases food intake, body mass, and adiposity in Syrian hamsters

Foster, Michelle T.; Solomon, M.B.; Huhman, Kim L.; Bartness, Timothy J.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00437.2005

Cited by 101 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Repeated social stress (for 6 d) increased feed intake during the light period but decreased weight gain in male Sprague-Dawley rats (Bhatnagar et al, 2006). At last, a chronic social defeat increased both feed intake and body weight in male Syrian hamsters as compared to the controls (Foster et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparison of the effects of acute and chronic psychological stress on metabolic features in rats

Rostamkhani

Zardooz

Zahediasl

et al. 2012

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:This study was aimed to compare the effects of acute and chronic psychological stress on metabolic factors. Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into control and stressed groups. Stress was applied by a communication box acutely (1 d) and chronically (15 and 30 d). Blood sampling was carried out by retro-orbital-puncture method. The plasma levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, insulin, and corticosterone were measured. In addition, feed and water intake, latency to eat and drink, adrenal and body weights were determined. Acute and chronic psychological stress did not significantly change basal plasma corticosterone levels. However, immediately (1 min) after acute exposure to stress, plasma corticosterone level increased compared to that before stress exposure. Acute stress increased plasma insulin levels significantly. Fifteen days of stress exposure resulted in plasma glucose increase. Chronic stress significantly increased feed intake, latency to eat, and adrenal weight compared to acute stress. The body weights of both control and stressed groups increased markedly during the experiment. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index did not change significantly in the stressed group. In conclusion, application of acute and chronic psychological stress leads to different metabolic and/or behavioral changes but the metabolic changes resulting from acute exposure to stress seem to be more pronounced.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparison of the effects of acute and chronic psychological stress on metabolic features in rats

Rostamkhani

Zardooz

Zahediasl

et al. 2012

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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“…Among species as diverse as great tit birds, rats, hamsters, and monkeys, subordinate social status has been identified as a predictor of hyperphagic meal patterns, increased adiposity, and total caloric intake, especially in presence of high fat and sugar diets (18,(20)(21)(22)(23). Importantly, fat reserves are an especially sensitive predictor of survival rates for low ranking animals when environmental conditions are harsh (22).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, fat reserves are an especially sensitive predictor of survival rates for low ranking animals when environmental conditions are harsh (22). Even acute and intermittent experiences of subordination and lowered status have been identified to increase energy intake and adiposity over time (21), suggesting that the experience of subordinate status itself may alter appetite independent of other stressors associated with low status (e.g., obstruction of food, harassment and aggression from dominants). Paralleling findings from animal models, research on humans has also suggested that inequality and reminders of potential deprivation of material, social, and symbolic resources may contribute to increased valuation and intake of calories (24)(25)(26)(27).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Mere experience of low subjective socioeconomic status stimulates appetite and food intake

Cheon

Hong

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

119

121

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Among social animals, subordinate status or low social rank is associated with increased caloric intake and weight gain. This may reflect an adaptive behavioral pattern that promotes acquisition of caloric resources to compensate for low social resources that may otherwise serve as a buffer against environmental demands. Similarly, diet-related health risks like obesity and diabetes are disproportionately more prevalent among people of low socioeconomic resources. Whereas this relationship may be associated with reduced financial and material resources to support healthier lifestyles, it remains unclear whether the subjective experience of low socioeconomic status may alone be sufficient to stimulate consumption of greater calories. Here we show that the mere feeling of lower socioeconomic status relative to others stimulates appetite and food intake. Across four studies, we found that participants who were experimentally induced to feel low (vs. high or neutral) socioeconomic status subsequently exhibited greater automatic preferences for high-calorie foods (e.g., pizza, hamburgers), as well as intake of greater calories from snack and meal contexts. Moreover, these results were observed even in the absence of differences in access to financial resources. Our results demonstrate that among humans, the experience of low social class may contribute to preferences and behaviors that risk excess energy intake. These findings suggest that psychological and physiological systems regulating appetite may also be sensitive to subjective feelings of deprivation for critical nonfood resources (e.g., social standing). Importantly, efforts to mitigate the socioeconomic gradient in obesity may also need to address the psychological experience of low social status.

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“…Administration of amylin reduces food intake and decreases weight gain and fat mass, with relative preservation of lean mass (19,22,32). Conversely, recovery from social stress can cause precisely the opposite effects on food intake, body weight, and adiposity (10,35). We use the visible burrow system (VBS) as a model of psychosocial stress.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amylin blunts hyperphagia and reduces weight and fat gain during recovery in socially stressed rats

Smeltzer

Scott

Melhorn

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Smeltzer M, Scott K, Melhorn S, Krause E, Sakai R. Amylin blunts hyperphagia and reduces weight and fat gain during recovery in socially stressed rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 303: R676 -R682, 2012. First published July 25, 2012 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00090.2012.-During recovery from social stress in a visible burrow system (VBS), during which a dominance hierarchy is formed among the males, rats display hyperphagia and gain weight preferentially as visceral adipose tissue. By proportionally increasing visceral adiposity, social stress may contribute to the establishment of metabolic disorder. Amylin was administered to rats fed ad libitum during recovery from VBS stress in an attempt to prevent hyperphagia and the resultant gain in body weight and fat mass. Amylin treatment reduced food intake, weight gain, and accumulation of fat mass in male burrow rats, but not in male controls that spent time housed with a single female rather than in the VBS. Amylin did not alter neuropeptide Y (NPY), agouti-related peptide (AgRP), or proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA expression in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus as measured at the end of the recovery period, nor did it affect plasma corticosterone or leptin. Amylin exerted most of its effect on food intake during the first few days of recovery, possibly through antagonism of NPY and/or increasing leptin sensitivity. The potential for chronic social stress to contribute to metabolic disorder is diminished by amylin treatment, though the neuroendocrine mechanisms behind this effect remain elusive. metabolic disorder; energy expenditure; neuropeptide Y; leptin; visible burrow system AMYLIN IS A PEPTIDE HORMONE cosecreted with insulin from pancreatic ␤-cells that acts as both a satiation and adiposity signal. Administration of amylin reduces food intake and decreases weight gain and fat mass, with relative preservation of lean mass (19,22,32). Conversely, recovery from social stress can cause precisely the opposite effects on food intake, body weight, and adiposity (10, 35). We use the visible burrow system (VBS) as a model of psychosocial stress. The VBS consists of a set of chambers and tubes that socially house 4 male and 2 female Long-Evans rats for 2 wk. In this situation, the male rats form a dominance hierarchy as they compete for access to females (5). When housed in the VBS, subordinate (SUB) rats lose a significant amount of weight, primarily from adipose mass, but also from lean mass. After removal from the VBS, rats are singly housed and allowed to recover for a few weeks, during which time SUB rats display hyperphagia and significant weight increase (36). SUB rats exposed to two cycles of VBS and recovery have greater amounts of adipose tissue than dominant (DOM) and control (CON) rats. In addition, a greater proportion of this fat is located in the visceral compartment, a pattern of deposition that has been associated with greater risk of metabolic dysfunction (4, 36).The behavioral, metabolic, and endocrine responses to stress can contribute ...

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Social defeat increases food intake, body mass, and adiposity in Syrian hamsters

Cited by 101 publications

References 43 publications

Comparison of the effects of acute and chronic psychological stress on metabolic features in rats

Comparison of the effects of acute and chronic psychological stress on metabolic features in rats

Mere experience of low subjective socioeconomic status stimulates appetite and food intake

Amylin blunts hyperphagia and reduces weight and fat gain during recovery in socially stressed rats

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