Social Cash Transfers and Household Welfare: Evidence from Zambia's Oldest Scheme

Tembo, Gelson; Freeland, Nicholas; Chimai, Bernadette; Schüring, Esther

doi:10.11114/aef.v1i1.354

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Bilateral agencies and non-governmental organizations fund interventions against NTDs in Zambia 55 ; both political will and partner support are therefore in place. Parallel initiatives that may alleviate poverty and thereby reduce trachoma risk, including foreign direct investment (which seems to have greatest impact in poorer environments 56 ), social cash transfer 57 and rural electrification, 58 are also being pursued.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Trachoma in 47 Administrative Districts of Zambia: Results of 32 Population-Based Prevalence Surveys

Mwale¹,

Mumbi

Funjika

et al. 2018

Ophthalmic Epidemiology

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Purpose: A number of previous administrative-district-level baseline trachoma prevalence estimates in Zambia required verification. We used methodologies and systems for trachoma surveys considered to represent international best practice in order to generate reliable estimates of the prevalence of trachoma. Methods: Between March 2016 and July 2017, we undertook 32 population-based prevalence surveys covering 47 administrative districts. In each of the 32 evaluation units (EUs), we selected 31 households in each of 24 clusters. In selected households, trained, certified graders examined all residents aged 1 year and above for evidence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) and trichiasis. In eyes that had trichiasis, the presence or absence of trachomatous scarring (TS) was recorded, and the subject was asked about previous trichiasis management recommendations from health workers. Results: Five EUs (encompassing seven administrative districts) had prevalence estimates of trichiasis+TS unknown to the health system in ≥15-year-olds of ≥0.2%, and require publichealth-level implementation of trichiasis surgery services. Eleven EUs (encompassing 16 administrative districts) had TF prevalence estimates in 1-9-year-olds of ≥5%. Intervention with the A, F and E components of the SAFE strategy for trachoma elimination is required for nearly 1.5 million people. Conclusion: Trachoma is a public health problem in some parts of Zambia. The Ministry of Health will continue to partner with other stakeholders to implement the multi-sectoral SAFE strategy. Consideration should be given to re-surveying other suspected-endemic administrative districts in which surveys using older methodologies returned TF prevalence estimates ≥5%.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Trachoma in 47 Administrative Districts of Zambia: Results of 32 Population-Based Prevalence Surveys

Mwale¹,

Mumbi

Funjika

et al. 2018

Ophthalmic Epidemiology

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“…Equation (2) was estimated using maximum likelihood in Stata (StataCorp 2008) for both Chipata and Kazungula (estimation results not reported). Before the predicted probabilities from equation (2) could be used in the computation of the odds ratios, care was taken to ensure the balancing and common support properties were satisfied (Rosenbaum and Rubin 1985;Caliendo and Kopeinig 2008;Jalan and Ravallion 2003;Cameron and Trivedi 2005;Becker and Ichino 2002;Leuven and Sianesi 2003;Tembo et al 2014). …”

Section: Business and Economic Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the maiden pilot scheme in Kalomo in 2003, SCT schemes have since spread to 18 more districts and preparations are under way to add another 31. Tembo et al (2014) provide a more comprehensive overview of the evolution of SCTs in Zambia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first comprehensive treatment of the impact of SCTs for the two schemes. Recent SCT impact evaluation work in Zambia has focused on Kalomo, the oldest scheme (Tembo et al 2014), and the more recent programs such as the Monze SCT scheme (Handa et al, 2012;Seidenfeld et al, 2011) and the Child Grant Program (CGP) (Handa et al, 2013a;Handa et al, 2013b;Daidone et al, 2013). No such study has been done on the Chipata and/or Kazungula pilot schemes, both of which were modelled after Kalomo with a 10 percent selection threshold and a purely community-based targeting system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Welfare Effects of Social Cash Transfers in Chipata and Kazungula Districts of Zambia

Tembo

Chimai

Freeland³

2014

Business and Economic Research

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This study uses the odds-weighted regression approach and data from two spatially separated social cash transfer (SCT) programs in Zambia to determine the impact of cash transfers on household welfare. The same analytical framework was also applied on sub-samples of poor and relatively less poor households, where the wealth ranking was done using an asset-based index derived through principal components analysis. The results confirm positive SCT effects on per capita consumption expenditure and that the sizes and relative significance of these effects vary by program design and by the household's asset wealth. The effects were especially unambiguously positive and significant for non-food consumption. While the impact on food expenditure was positive and significant in the rural Kazungula SCT program, the impact on ISSN 2162-4860 2014 www.macrothink.org/ber 290 non-food per capita consumption expenditure was three times greater. In the urban scheme in Chipata, program impacts were only significant on non-food expenditure. Future intervention designs need to take into account such heterogeneity in level and shape of potential impacts if they are to be effective. Business and Economic ResearchJEL codes: C14, C21, D63, I38.

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“…According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations-FAO (2017), SP emphasizes poor and vulnerable groups to protect them against poverty, vulnerability, and social exclusion throughout their lives. SP schemes in South Africa, Brazil, Mexico, and Zambia have reduced inequality and poverty (Barrientos & Sabates-Wheeler, 2006;Samson et al, 2004;2006;Tembo & Freeland, 2008); have empowered women in Brazil, Bangladesh, and South Africa by increasing school attendance of girl children, child survival, and nutritional status. They have also improved risk-coping mechanisms for vulnerable people (Hormansdörfer, 2009;Samson et al, 2004;2006;UNICEF, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping Strategies of Feminine Peasant Networks and Social Protection (SP): The case of Village Community Networks (VCONEs) in Tanzania

Madaha

2023

Int. j. adv. res.

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Networking among African women has become one of the community-centered strategies to deal with the shortfalls of the market. VCONEs, as self-created women's networks, provide informal social protection (SP) to marginalized communities because they have taken on board the local context. VCONEs have created a platform that accommodates women's context-specific needs and interests. Accordingly, the study employed an exploratory longitudinal action research design and an embedded multiple-case study research method to explore the coping strategies of Village Community Networks (VCONEs) as a new form of self-created women's networks in providing SP and promoting community development in Tanzania. VCONEs have emerged following the market's and the government's failures to reach marginalized people. The findings indicate that VCONEs have developed replicable context-specific coping strategies to cope with the contingencies of the patriarchy and the market economy. The coping strategies can be replicated elsewhere to create a relatively similar impact in other communities. Overall, there is a need for a major structural change in existing social protection systems. Development agencies should avoid implementing social protection schemes that instil over-dependency on marginalized people on external resources. Specifically, development agencies should adopt a "VCONE cash transfer" to be disbursed as a one-time cash transfer to successful VCONEs

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Social Cash Transfers and Household Welfare: Evidence from Zambia's Oldest Scheme

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Prevalence of Trachoma in 47 Administrative Districts of Zambia: Results of 32 Population-Based Prevalence Surveys

Prevalence of Trachoma in 47 Administrative Districts of Zambia: Results of 32 Population-Based Prevalence Surveys

Welfare Effects of Social Cash Transfers in Chipata and Kazungula Districts of Zambia

Coping Strategies of Feminine Peasant Networks and Social Protection (SP): The case of Village Community Networks (VCONEs) in Tanzania

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