Social Anxiety and Specificity of Positive Alcohol Expectancies: Preliminary Findings

Ham, Lindsay S.; Carrigan, Maureen H.; Moak, Darlene H.; Randall, Carrie L.

doi:10.1007/s10862-005-5385-x

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Social assertiveness and tension reduction AOE were also found to predict increased alcohol consumption in individuals seeking treatment for social anxiety disorder (Ham, Hope, White, & Rivers, 2002). Additionally, socially anxious individuals have been shown to have stronger AOE related to social situations than nonsocially anxious individuals from the community (Ham, Carrigan, Moak, & Randall, 2005;Tran & Haaga, 2002).The purpose of the current study was to examine the utility of AOE in discriminating those who drink to cope with social situations from those who do not. Revealing the types of AOE that are associated with drinking to cope with anxiety elicited by social situations may help identify individuals who are at risk of developing alcohol problems and may have implications for treatment.…”

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confidence: 94%

Alcohol outcome expectancies and drinking to cope with social situations

Carrigan

Ham

Thomas

et al. 2008

Addictive Behaviors

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Repeated use of alcohol as a coping strategy to reduce anxiety or discomfort increases one's risk of developing alcohol dependence. Previous studies have found alcohol outcome expectancies (AOE) strongly predict drinking behavior, in general, and also are related to drinking to cope. The purpose of the current study was to examine AOE that may be related to drinking to cope with discomfort in social situations. It was hypothesized that positive AOE, especially related to assertion and tension reduction, would be most associated with drinking to cope with social situations. Fifty-six community volunteers from a larger study on attentional bias and drinking to cope were divided into high (n = 36) and low (n = 20) drinking to cope groups following completion of a questionnaire battery. Findings indicated AOE were well able to classify drinking to cope status, with 91% of cases correctly classified. As hypothesized, assertion and tension reduction AOE uniquely contributed to the discriminant function in classifying drinking to cope groups. These findings have implications for the prevention and treatment of alcohol use disorders and suggest that AOE should be further investigated as potential moderators of the relationship between social anxiety and alcohol use disorders. KeywordsAlcohol expectancies; Drinking to cope; Social anxiety; Alcohol consumption Many individuals report the frequent and deliberate use of alcohol to cope with social discomfort (e.g., Thomas, Randall, & Carrigan, 2003), a behavior that is known to increase one's risk of developing alcohol dependence (Kushner, Sher, & Beitman, 1990). Coping motives for drinking emerged as important predictors of drinking behavior for college students with moderate or high levels of social anxiety (Ham, Bonin, & Hope, 2007). Consistent with this self-report data, socially anxious participants self-administered more alcohol following a speech challenge versus a neutral task (Abrams, Kushner, Medina, & Voight, 2002). Additionally, college students consumed more alcohol during a socially stressful session than during a neutral session, particularly those with high trait social anxiety and males who expected alcohol to increase assertiveness (Kidorf & Lang, 1999 Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. The beliefs people hold about the effects of consuming alcohol are referred to as alcohol outcome expectancies (AOE; Goldman, Del Boca, & Darkes, 1999). It has been established that AOE correlate with alcohol consumption (e.g., Goldman et al., 1999), account for variance in symptoms of alcohol dependence above an...

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confidence: 94%

Alcohol outcome expectancies and drinking to cope with social situations

Carrigan

Ham

Thomas

et al. 2008

Addictive Behaviors

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“…With respect to the first criterion, social anxiety is consistently correlated with alcohol problems and AUD (Buckner et al, in press;Buckner et al, 2006a; Buckner et al, 2008; Ham et al, 2005; Morris et al, 2005). In regard to the second criterion, the onset of SAD appears to generally precede the onset of AUD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social anxiety disorder as a risk factor for alcohol use disorders: A prospective examination of parental and peer influences

Buckner

Turner

2009

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Elucidation of mechanisms underlying the high rates of alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains a pressing clinical and research concern. Despite data indicating that social anxiety disorder (SAD) may be a psychological vulnerability that increases AUD risk, no known prospective research has examined underlying mechanisms. Given the nature of SAD, social support and peer alcohol use may be implicated. The present study set out to clarify the SAD-AUD link in several ways using a prospective dataset comprised of 1803 (47% female) young adults at T1, 1431 of whom were assessed again approximately three years later. First, stringent criteria were used to directly test whether SAD was a risk for AUD. Second, we examined whether social support and peer alcohol use moderated the prospective SAD-AUD link. Structured diagnostic interviews were conducted to assess DSM-IV Axis I disorders, negative life events, social support, and peer alcohol use. Among men, Time 1 (T1) SAD was not significantly related to Time 2 (T2) AUD. Yet, among women, T1 SAD was related to T2 AUD. Further, T1 SAD was the only internalizing disorder to significantly predict T2 AUD after controlling for relevant variables (e.g., T1 depression, other anxiety, alcohol and marijuana use disorders). The SAD-AUD relation demonstrated directional specificity. Family cohesion and adverse family relations significantly moderated this relation. Findings highlight the important role of SAD and familial support in the onset of AUD among women.

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“…In the first study, Ham et al (2002) compared positive alcohol expectancies in adults with SP (n=54) to those with dysthymia (n=23) and normal controls without any psychiatric disorders (n=27). Ham, Carrigan, Moak, and Randall (2005) replicated the group difference on expectancies of social assertion when they compared undiagnosed socially anxious (n=17) and non-socially anxious (n=45) individuals from the community. This situational effect found within the domain of tension/anxiety reduction expectancies was also repeatedly found in investigations conducted by Tran and colleagues (Tran et al, 1997;Tran et al, 2002;Tran, Anthenelli, Smith, Corcoran, & Rofey, 2004).…”

Section: Studies With Socially Anxious Individualsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Anxiety and Substance Use Disorders

2008

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Social Anxiety and Specificity of Positive Alcohol Expectancies: Preliminary Findings

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Alcohol outcome expectancies and drinking to cope with social situations

Alcohol outcome expectancies and drinking to cope with social situations

Social anxiety disorder as a risk factor for alcohol use disorders: A prospective examination of parental and peer influences

Anxiety and Substance Use Disorders

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