Social and non-social fear in preschoolers and prospective associations with lying about cheating

Zwirs, Barbara W. C.; Székely, Eszter; Herba, Catherine M.; Verhulst, Frank C.; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Hofman, Albert; IJzendoorn, Marinus H. van; Tiemeier, Henning

doi:10.1177/0165025414553136

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Three minutes later, the research assistant came back and handed the child one to four stamps and registered the number of balls on the board. Three undergraduate students were trained to code the videotapes on cheating behavior of the child together with the first author of this paper, using a coding scheme based on Zwirs et al (2015). There were three categories of cheating behavior (1) no cheating, (2) possible intention to cheat, and (3) cheating.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CFI and TLI values above .95 and RMSEA values lower than .05 indicate that the data fit the model well (Ullman, 2001). Because of the categorical nature of cheating behavior, only few fit indices were available for this outcome variable (Muthén & Muthén, 1998-2015. To compare nested models, we used the χ² difference test for the difference in Log Likelihood with a scaling correction factor that is used for MLR estimation.…”

Section: Analysis Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maximum Likelikhood imputation, and in the case of the nominal outcome variable cheating, Monte Carlo integration was used with 150 integration points (Muthén & Muthén, 1998-2015.…”

Section: Analysis Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stressful family environments and children’s behavioral control: A multimethod test and replication study with twins.

Vrijhof

Voort

IJzendoorn

et al. 2018

Journal of Family Psychology

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Young children's behavioral control predicts a broad range of developmental outcomes in child- and adulthood. It is therefore important to study how individual differences in behavioral control arise. Previous studies suggest that there are both genetic and environmental influences, which were estimated in the current study using a sample of mono- and dizygotic same-sex twins. Furthermore, we examined the associations between indicators of a stressful family environment like household chaos, parenting daily hassles, and parental depressive symptoms and children's behavioral control in 2 samples. Children of the same twin pair were randomly divided over 2 samples; a test (N = 201, 48.3% boys, M age 46.53 months) and replication sample (N = 201, 49.8% boys, M age 46.06 months). Both parents reported on their children's effortful control via the Child Behavior Questionnaire and children's cheating behavior was observed during a throwing game. We found that AE models fitted the data for effortful control (A = 31%, E = 69%) and cheating (A = 16%, E = 84%) best. Path analyses revealed that children of parents experiencing more parenting daily hassles and depressive symptoms had lower levels of effortful control in the test sample. Furthermore, we found that children growing up in more chaotic households (parent report) had an increased risk of being in the cheating group versus the possible intention to cheat group in the test sample. These results were partially replicated. We suggest that the role of stressful family environments in the development of behavioral control should be considered when setting up prevention and intervention programs targeting children's behavioral control. (PsycINFO Database Record

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stressful family environments and children’s behavioral control: A multimethod test and replication study with twins.

Vrijhof

Voort

IJzendoorn

et al. 2018

Journal of Family Psychology

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Four distinct peer interaction variables as moderators of the fearful temperament‐anxiety association, using data from the Generation R Study

Harrewijn,

Mulder,

van IJzendoorn

et al. 2024

JCPP Advances

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BackgroundPediatric anxiety disorders are common and have severe long‐term consequences. Early‐life fearful temperament is a predictor of later anxiety, but not all children with highly fearful temperament will eventually develop an anxiety disorder. Therefore, it is important to identify factors that moderate the fearful temperament‐anxiety association. The goal of this study it to replicate the fearful temperament‐anxiety association in a large cohort study, explore sex as a moderator of this association, and to investigate four distinct peer interaction variables as moderators of this association.Methods2730 children (51.0% girls) with parent‐reported fearful temperament at 6 months and parent‐reported anxiety symptoms at 13 years were included from a prospective cohort study (Generation R Study). Fearful temperament was also observed in a subset (n = 643, 49.3% girls) of these children. Peer interactions were measured in four different ways: mother‐reported victimization (at age 7), self‐reported friendship quality (at age 9), and self‐reported feelings and facial expressions during social exclusion in a lab‐based task (at age 9).ResultsChildren with higher parent‐reported, but not observed, fearful temperament showed more anxiety symptoms as adolescents, β = 0.07, p < 0.001. This association was not moderated by sex, β = −0.07, p = 0.07, but was stronger in adolescents who reported more negative feelings after social exclusion, β = 0.05, p = 0.04. Victimization, friendship quality, and sad facial expressions were related to increased anxiety symptoms but did not moderate the fearful temperament‐anxiety association.ConclusionsWe showed that parent‐reported fearful temperament and anxiety were associated in this large community sample and that this association was not moderated by sex. Additionally, we showed that negative feelings after social exclusion moderated this association. Potentially, children with a highly fearful temperament might benefit from learning how to cope with social exclusion. Future studies are needed to confirm our findings and could focus on the potential role of coping with social rejection in interventions.

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To tell the truth or not: What effortful control, false belief, and sympathy tell us about preschoolers’ instrumental lies

Sağel-Çetiner,

Yılmaz Irmak,

Açık Yavuz

2024

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology

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Social and non-social fear in preschoolers and prospective associations with lying about cheating

Cited by 4 publications

References 47 publications

Stressful family environments and children’s behavioral control: A multimethod test and replication study with twins.

Stressful family environments and children’s behavioral control: A multimethod test and replication study with twins.

Four distinct peer interaction variables as moderators of the fearful temperament‐anxiety association, using data from the Generation R Study

To tell the truth or not: What effortful control, false belief, and sympathy tell us about preschoolers’ instrumental lies

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