Soap Production from Agricultural Residues - a Comparative Study

Yahaya, L. E.; Ajao, A. A; Jayeola, C. O.; Igbinadolor, R. O.; Mokwunye, FC

doi:10.5923/j.chemistry.20120201.02

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These metabolites were known for these biological activities such as: antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity (Tsuchiya et al 1996 andOjewole, 2008). Yahaya et al (2012) also revealed the presence of flavonoids, , tannins, glycosides, derivatives quinoniques and alkaloids in crude extract of a plant of the same family (Combretum glutinosum). But in this study, only the alkaloids have not been found in the C. adenogonium leaves extracts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activities of Combretum adenogonium Leaves Extracts

Nounagon

Dah-Nouvlessounon

N’tcha

et al. 2017

ESJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Combretum adenogonium is beniniens pharmacopoeia medicinal plant used for the treatment of various diseases. This work aims to study the phytochemical and assess some biological activities of C. adenogonium leaves extracts. The phytochemical analysis (qualitative et quantitative) was conducted by standard analytical chemistry method. Antioxydant activity was evaluated by the DPPH method. Antibacterial activity was evaluated in vitro with 10 references strains , 10 Staphylococcus strains isolated from European Scientific Journal October 2017 edition Vol.13, No.30 ISSN: 1857 -7881 (Print) e -ISSN 1857 359 meat products and 10 clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from Buruli ulcer lesions and pus. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Bactericidal (CMB) were determined by macrodilution method. The extracts cytotoxic effect was evaluated with Artemia salina larvae. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins, saponin and triterpenoids. The methanolique extract present the higest content (450.66 ± 0.004 µg EAG/mg) of total polyphenolic compound. The results showed the good antioxidant activity. The inhibitory diameter zone vary (p < 0.001) according to the strains. The largest medium inhibitory diameter (21.85 ± 0.17 mm) was obtained with the ethanolic extract, while the lowest (6.00 ±0.00 mm) were recorded with water-ethanol extract. The variation between CMI and CMB is not significant (p > 0.05). The higher LD50 (27.66 mg/ml) was recorded with methanol extract. The results of this study confirm some use of C. Adenogonium extracts. But; these extracts must be use with moderation.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activities of Combretum adenogonium Leaves Extracts

Nounagon

Dah-Nouvlessounon

N’tcha

et al. 2017

ESJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Peneliti lain, Yahaya, dkk (2012) juga melakukan penelitian dengan bahan baku yang sama yaitu limbah kulit coklat yang dibakar dengan insinerator pada 450ºC kemudian diekstraksi selama 1 jam. Filtrat yang dihasilkan memiliki kandungan kalium sebesar 37,44% [17]. Selain itu, Afrane juga melakukan leaching kalium dari abu kulit coklat dengan menggunakan pelarut air.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pada abu kulit coklat mengandung unsur alkali yang cukup tinggi. Hal ini sesuai dengan percobaan yang dilakukan oleh Yahaya, dkk., (2012) bahwa kandungan kalium pada kulit coklat yang diperoleh dari ekstraksi adalah 41 % [17]. Hal yang sama juga dilaporkan oleh Esther dkk., (2015) dimana kandungan kalium pada kulit coklat adalah sebesar 40 % [11].…”

Section: Analisis Kadar Kalium Menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrosunclassified

LEACHING KALIUM DARI ABU KULIT COKLAT (Theobroma cacao L.) MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT AIR

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently much attention has been dedicated to generate of useful chemicals from biomass, such as potassium alkali from cacao husk. This potassium can be used as sources of alkali for soap manufacturing. The cacao husks were treated by leaching using water as a solvent to produce alkali potash. First step, the cacao husks and then were dried at 105 ºC for 24 hours. The dried of cacao husk was crashed using ball mill and resulting husk powder were burned in a furnace at 600 ºC for 6 hours and resulting the husk ash powder. The husk ash powder mass variables used in this leaching process were 5 g, 7.5 g and 10 g and the leaching time variables were 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 90 minutes. Meanwhile the leaching temperature variables were 45 ºC, 55 ºC and 65 ºC. The best temperature condition in this process was 65 ºC and leaching time 60 minutes, with the result of potash concentration was 1,01 N and the amount of potash as a potassium hydroxide is 39,91% was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscop (AAS).

show abstract

“…Soap remains an essential ingredient in modern living, used daily for medicinal, laundry purposes, household cleaning, and personal hygiene (Ajao et al, 2011;Chirani et al, 2021;Richardson and Collins, 2023). Soap is a salt of fatty acids obtained worldwide from mainly agricultural products and by-products such as plant (vegetable) oils (Yahaya et al, 2012). If properly harnessed, majority of plant oils and fat can be treated with strong alkaline solutions to obtain soap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

Soap is a salt of fatty acids obtained worldwide from mainly agricultural products and by-products such as plant (vegetable) oils (Yahaya et al, 2012). Drying neat soap is one of the key steps in the process of manufacturing bar soap.

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Performance Evaluation of a Mix-Kneader for Drying Soap

J.,

N.,

2023

International Journal of Scientific Advances

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Soap is a salt of fatty acids obtained worldwide from mainly agricultural products and by-products such as plant (vegetable) oils (Yahaya et al., 2012). Drying neat soap is one of the key steps in the process of manufacturing bar soap. Currently, small and medium-scale local processors in Uganda rely entirely on tarpaulins and buckets to dry neat soap. These methods are labor intensive and take a lot of time (about 24 hours) to dry soap from 29-35% (w.b.) to the required moisture content of 15% – 21% (w.b.). Therefore, the aim of this research was to develop a Mix-kneader for drying soap in order to boost local production of bar soap. First, the different parts of the machine were designed and sized with the help of Solid Edge ST9 mechanical computer-based software. Fabrication of the component parts was done and finally, performance evaluation of the machine was carried out. At ‘No’ load test, the results indicated that the machine can run freely without too much noise and there were no visual breakdowns. At ‘Full’ load test, the Mix-kneader was able to dry 180 kg of neat soap in an average time of 15.5 minutes. The average machine capacity was approximately 560 kg/hr with a drying efficiency of 83.4%. The drying rate of the machine was calculated as 2.13 kg of water per minute. The material wastage was calculated as 1.31% which can be attributed to the fabrication errors. The developed Mix-kneader is affordable to processors and can be fabricated from any workshop within the country since it was developed from locally available materials.

show abstract

Soap Production from Agricultural Residues - a Comparative Study

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activities of Combretum adenogonium Leaves Extracts

Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activities of Combretum adenogonium Leaves Extracts

LEACHING KALIUM DARI ABU KULIT COKLAT (Theobroma cacao L.) MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT AIR

Development and Performance Evaluation of a Mix-Kneader for Drying Soap

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About