SnO2-modified Pt electrocatalysts for ammonia–fueled anion exchange membrane fuel cells

Okanishi, Takeou; Katayama, Yu; Muroyama, Hiroki; Matsui, Toshiaki; Eguchi, Koichi

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2015.05.066

Cited by 43 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Electrocatalysis with the metal oxides anode has attracted widespread concerns in cleaning nitrogenous wastewater owing to its high efficiency, clean oxidation, and easy controllability [7,8]. For example, Okanishi et al [9] used the SnO 2 -modified Pt electrocatalyst to oxidize the ammonia and its activation energy realized 58 kJ mol −1 . Reyter et al [10] removed the nitrate using the electrochemical method with the Ti/IrO 2 anode and NH 3 conversion reached 82% at a current density of 80 mA cm −2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: SrFexNi1−xO3−δ Perovskites Coated on Ti Anodes and Their Electrocatalytic Properties for Cleaning Nitrogenous Wastewater

et al. 2019

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Perovskites (ABO3), regarded as the antioxidative anode materials in electrocatalysis to clean nitrogenous wastewater, show limited oxygen vacancies and conductivity due to their traditional semiconductor characteristic. To further improve the conductivity and electrocatalytic activity, the ferrum (Fe) element was first doped into the SrNiO3 to fabricate the SrFexNi1−xO3−δ perovskites, and their optimum fabrication conditions were determined. SrFexNi1−xO3−δ perovskites were coated on a titanium (Ti) plate to prepare the SrFexNi1−xO3−δ/Ti electrodes. Afterward, one SrFexNi1−xO3−δ/Ti anode and two stainless steel cathodes were combined to assemble the electrocatalytic reactor (ECR) for cleaning simulated nitrogenous wastewater ((NH4)2SO4 solution, initial total nitrogen (TN) concentration of 150 mg L−1). Additionally, SrFexNi1−xO3−δ materials were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Raman spectra, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel curves, respectively. The results indicate that SrFexNi1−xO3−δ materials are featured with the perovskite crystal structure and Fe is appreciably doped into SrNiO3. Moreover, the optimum conditions for fabricating SrFexNi1−xO3−δ were the reaction time of 120 min for citrate sol-gel, a calcination temperature of 700 °C, and Fe doping content of x = 0.3. SrFe0.3Ni0.7O2.85, and perovskite performs attractive electrocatalytic activity (TN removal ratio of 91.33%) and ECR conductivity of 3.62 mS cm−1 under an electrocatalytic time of 150 min. Therefore, SrFexNi1−xO3−δ perovskites are desirable for cleaning nitrogenous wastewater in electrocatalysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: SrFexNi1−xO3−δ Perovskites Coated on Ti Anodes and Their Electrocatalytic Properties for Cleaning Nitrogenous Wastewater

et al. 2019

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“…The produced NH 3 can be used as fuel in direct NH 3 fuel cells;– further heating of the products over catalysts will continually decompose NH 3 to N 2 and H 2 , which can be used for conventional PEMFCs and hydrogen‐powered vehicles.

true CO (NH_{2})_{2} + normalH_{2} normalO \to normalN_{2} ↑ + 3 H_{3} ↑ + CO_{2} ↑

…”

Section: Electrochemical Energy Conversion Of Ureamentioning

confidence: 99%

Urea‐Based Fuel Cells and Electrocatalysts for Urea Oxidation

2016

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Urea is a new member of hydrogen‐storage materials for low‐temperature fuel cells. It avoids issues of toxicity and safety compared to NH3 and hydrazine. The main limitation of urea‐based fuel cells is their relatively low power densities due to the sluggish anode reactions. Rapid advances in nanocatalysts used for urea electro‐oxidation have been achieved in lowering overpotential and improving activity. Urine, as a natural resource of urea, is also an environmental pollutant. Most technologies of treating urine with self‐generation electricity are based on microbial fuel cells. However, microbes are only able to utilize the organic substrates rather than urea in urine. Chemical fuel cells in contrast directly oxidize urea to nitrogen gas, removing it from urine. Thus, urea‐based fuel cells have been used as an alternative method to treat urine. In this Minireview, the progress in urea‐based fuel cells and electrocatalysts for urea oxidation is reviewed.

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“…Conventional proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) employing acidic membranes, such as Nafion ® , are not compatible with NH 3 because the presence of trace NH 3 in the anode fuel degrades the cell performance , . Alkaline fuel cells (AFCs) can be applicable with an NH 3 ‐containing fuel, but their performance is still insufficient for practical use, because the poisoning species generated during the electrochemical oxidation of NH 3 on anode prevent continuous power generation . On the other hand, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), which are characterized by the high‐temperature operation, are considered to be suitable for the utilization of an ammonia fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Ammonia‐fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Systems

et al. 2017

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Several solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems can be considered for the NH3 utilization. In this study, the catalytic activity and long‐term stability of the NH3 decomposition reactor with the Ni/Y2O3‐based catalysts and the autothermal NH3 cracker with the Co–Ce–Zr composite oxide catalyst were investigated. Moreover, the NH3 decomposition reactor and the autothermal NH3 cracker were combined with the SOFC stack and their performances of the stack were compared to those fueled with NH3 and H2/N2. The power output of each SOFC stack was over 200 W. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the direct NH3‐fueled SOFC stack was stable for 1,000 h at 770 °C without significant degradation.

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SnO2-modified Pt electrocatalysts for ammonia–fueled anion exchange membrane fuel cells

Cited by 43 publications

References 46 publications

RETRACTED: SrFexNi1−xO3−δ Perovskites Coated on Ti Anodes and Their Electrocatalytic Properties for Cleaning Nitrogenous Wastewater

RETRACTED: SrFexNi1−xO3−δ Perovskites Coated on Ti Anodes and Their Electrocatalytic Properties for Cleaning Nitrogenous Wastewater

Urea‐Based Fuel Cells and Electrocatalysts for Urea Oxidation

Comparative Study of Ammonia‐fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Systems

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