Snitching and the Code of the Street

Rosenfeld, Richard; Jacobs, Bruce A.; Wright, Richard

doi:10.1093/bjc/43.2.291

Cited by 187 publications

(197 citation statements)

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“…This restricted ability to report victimization experiences to the police is tied implicitly to a fear of self-incrimination in illegal activities (Jacobs 2000;Lauritsen et al 1991;Sampson and Lauritsen 1990), a general mistrust in police (Anderson 1999;Rosenfeld et al 2003), as well as a desire to resolve the crime personally through retaliatory action (Decker and Van Winkle 1996;Jacobs 2000;Jacobs and Wright 2006). Absent the help of formal guardians, individuals involved in a substance using and street offending lifestyle must be more cognizant of risks and attempt to manage them accordingly (see Jacques and Reynald 2012).…”

Section: At-risk Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Once Bitten, Thrice Wise: The Varying Effects of Victimization on Routine Activities and Risk Management

Vecchio

2012

Deviant Behavior

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Section: At-risk Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Once Bitten, Thrice Wise: The Varying Effects of Victimization on Routine Activities and Risk Management

Vecchio

2012

Deviant Behavior

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“…Besides burglars (Wright and Decker 1994;Mullins and Wright 2003), this method has been used to study robbers (Jacobs andWright 1999, 2008;Wright and Decker 1997), carjacking and auto theft Mullins and Cherbonneau 2011), gangs (Decker and van Winkle 1996;Miller 2001), retaliators (Jacobs and Wright 2006;Mullins et al 2004;Rosenfeld et al 2003), and drug dealers (Jacobs 1999;Jacques 2010;Jacques andWright 2008a, b, Jacques andWright 2011).…”

Section: The St Louis Schoolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ironies of Crime, Control, and Criminology

Jacques

Wright

2011

Crit Crim

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Irony is a kind of communication in which shared knowledge about a particular context is formed as a counter-intuitive statement with hidden meaning. Irony is important because it branches the tree of knowledge and balances morality. This paper reviews the definition and value of irony; examines ironic works on crime and control; proposes an irony of criminology: it can be studied with science and thereby improved; draws on this idea to provide a method-based theory of theory and findings; and concludes by discussing implications for future work in reflexive criminology.The accumulated wisdom of criminology is replete with irony (see, e.g., Cottee

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“…Although CWA has a core group of residents invested in the safety and improvement of their neighborhoods, most areas within its bounds are dominated by violence, decay, and a lack of city services, and do not represent "neighborhood communities" in the conventional middle-class sense (see Inciardi, Horowitz, and Pottieger, 1993 (Cromwell and Olson, 2004; Cromwell, Olson and Avary, 1991; Piquero and Rengert, 1999;Wright and Decker, 1994), robbery and theft (Miller, 1998;Shover and Henderson, 1995;Wright and Decker, 1997), prostitution (e.g., Maher, 1997;Phoenix, 2000), carjacking Topalli and Wright, 2004), drug dealing and drug robbery (Bourgois, 1995;Geter, 1994;Hagedorn, 1994;Jacobs, 1999Jacobs, , 2000Jacobs, , 2006Jacobs et al, 2000;Topalli et al, 2002), crime among homeless youth (e.g., Inciardi, et al, 1993;Tyler and Johnson, 2004), gangs (e.g., Miller, 2001) and street snitching (Rosenfeld, Jacobs, and Wright, 2003).…”

Section: Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Might Not Be a Tomorrow": A Multi-Methods Approach to Anticipated Early Death and Youth Crime

Brezina

Tekin

Topalli

2008

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A number of researchers point to the anticipation of early death, or a sense of "futurelessness," as a contributing factor to youth crime and violence. Young people who perceive a high probability of early death, it is argued, may have little reason to delay gratification for the promise of future benefits, as the future itself is discounted. Consequently, these young people tend to pursue high-risk behaviors associated with immediate rewards, including crime and violence. Although existing studies lend empirical support to these arguments and show a statistical relationship between anticipated early death and youth crime, this support remains tentative. Moreover, a number of questions remain regarding the interpretation of this relationship, the meanings that offenders attach to the prospect of early death, and the causal mechanisms that link anticipated early death to youth crime. In this paper, we address the limitations of previous studies using a multi-methods approach, involving the analyses of national survey data and in-depth interviews with active street offenders. "MIGHT NOT BE A TOMORROW": A MULTI-METHODS APPROACH TO ANTICIPATED EARLY DEATH AND YOUTH CRIMEPrior criminological research has served to highlight the risks of offending behavior.These risks include a number of long-term negative consequences that may accrue to offenders over the life course, including reduced life chances, poor health, and incarceration (Hagan, 1991(Hagan, , 1997Moffitt, 1993;Robins, 1966; Laub 1993, 1997;Tanner, Davies, and O'Grady, 1999). These risks also include immediate physical dangers-such as injury, paralysis, or death-that exist in the "foreground" of the criminal lifestyle and that may result from crime victim retaliation, attacks by rival offenders, or police action (Dobrin, 2001;Hoffman, 2004;Jacobs, Topalli, and Wright, 2000;McCarthy and Hagan, 2005; Sampson and Lauritsen, 2005;Topalli, Wright, and Fornango, 2002;Tremblay and Paré, 2003).At the same time, criminological research has highlighted the existence of hard-core offenders who appear to be fearless in the face of these dangers (Anderson, 1994(Anderson, , 1999Hoffman, 2004;Jacobs et al., 2000;McCarthy and Hagan, 2005;Topalli, 2005a). This population includes individuals who have experienced stabbings, shootings, or other lifethreatening injuries and yet remain undeterred from a risky and criminal lifestyle (Hoffman, 2004). In the words of one such offender, "I don't give a damn. I don't care what happens really… whether they kill us or we kill them" (Topalli and Wright, 2004: 164).To account for the fearless and uninhibited conduct of some offenders, a number of theorists have underscored the sense of hopelessness and fatalism that is said to pervade economically distressed, high-crime communities (Anderson, 1994(Anderson, , 1999Garbarino et al., 1992;Kitwana, 2002;Lorion and Saltzman, 1993;Wilson and Daly, 1997). When young people believe they have no future, it is argued, they have little to lose by engaging in crime or violence.This argument ...

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Snitching and the Code of the Street

Cited by 187 publications

References 1 publication

Once Bitten, Thrice Wise: The Varying Effects of Victimization on Routine Activities and Risk Management

Once Bitten, Thrice Wise: The Varying Effects of Victimization on Routine Activities and Risk Management

Ironies of Crime, Control, and Criminology

"Might Not Be a Tomorrow": A Multi-Methods Approach to Anticipated Early Death and Youth Crime

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