Sniffing fungi – phenotyping of volatile chemical diversity in<i>Trichoderma</i>species

Guo, Yongbo; Jud, Werner; Ghirardo, Andrea; Antritter, Felix; Benz, J. Philipp; Schnitzler, Jörg‐Peter; Rosenkranz, Maaria

doi:10.1111/nph.16530

Cited by 59 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(132 reference statements)

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“…Compared to the more common morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits, understanding the causes why and when fungi release specific VOCs is in its infancy. The limited knowledge is, on the one hand, due to restrictions in the methods enabling the detection of only parts of the fungal VOC (fVOC) spectra 18 , but also due to the limited knowledge about the biological and ecological functions of individual VOCs and their mixtures 19 , 20 . An increasing number of studies suggest crucial direct and indirect functions for fVOCs in fungal interactions 20 – 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile organic compound patterns predict fungal trophic mode and lifestyle

et al. 2021

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Fungi produce a wide variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which play central roles in the initiation and regulation of fungal interactions. Here we introduce a global overview of fungal VOC patterns and chemical diversity across phylogenetic clades and trophic modes. The analysis is based on measurements of comprehensive VOC profiles of forty-three fungal species. Our data show that the VOC patterns can describe the phyla and the trophic mode of fungi. We show different levels of phenotypic integration (PI) for different chemical classes of VOCs within distinct functional guilds. Further computational analyses reveal that distinct VOC patterns can predict trophic modes, (non)symbiotic lifestyle, substrate-use and host-type of fungi. Thus, depending on trophic mode, either individual VOCs or more complex VOC patterns (i.e., chemical communication displays) may be ecologically important. Present results stress the ecological importance of VOCs and serve as prerequisite for more comprehensive VOCs-involving ecological studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile organic compound patterns predict fungal trophic mode and lifestyle

et al. 2021

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“…Nevertheless, further development of such models would benefit from studying transcriptomes in ecotrons, where fluctuations in the environment can be Abis et al, 2018, 2020). The chemotyping of fungi growing on medium can currently be done for some functional groups (Guo et al, 2020;Muller et al, 2013), but a more comprehensive soil VOCs chemotyping, requiring strong international cooperative investments, is needed to advance research on this topic.…”

Section: Complementarit Y B E T Ween Ecotron E Xperiments Field Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotrons: Powerful and versatile ecosystem analysers for ecology, agronomy and environmental science

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et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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Accepted Article This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved Ecosystems integrity and services are threatened by anthropogenic global changes. Mitigating and adapting to these changes requires knowledge of ecosystem functioning in the expected novel environments, informed in large part through experimentation and modelling. This paper describes 13 advanced controlled environment facilities for experimental ecosystem studies, herein termed ecotrons, open to the international community. Ecotrons enable simulation of a wide range of natural environmental conditions in replicated and independent experimental units whilst simultaneously measuring various ecosystem processes. This capacity to realistically control ecosystem environments is used to emulate a variety of climatic scenarios and soil conditions, in natural sunlight or through broad spectrum lighting. The use of large ecosystem samples, intact or reconstructed, minimises border effects and increases biological and physical complexity. Measurements of concentrations of greenhouse trace gases as well as their net exchange between the ecosystem and the atmosphere are performed in most ecotrons, often quasi continuously. The flow of matter is often tracked with the use of stable isotope tracers of carbon and other elements. Equipment is available for measurements of soil water status as well as root and canopy growth. The experiments run so far emphasize the diversity of the hosted research. Half of them concern global changes, often with a manipulation of more than one driver. About a quarter deal with the impact of biodiversity loss on ecosystem functioning and one quarter with ecosystem or plant physiology. We discuss how the methodology for environmental simulation and process measurements, especially in soil, can be improved and stress the need to establish stronger links with modelling in future projects. These developments will enable further improvements in mechanistic understanding and predictive capacity of ecotron research which will play, in complementarity with field experimentation and monitoring, a crucial role in exploring the ecosystem consequences of environmental changes.

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“…The PTR-ToF-MS raw data were analysed using the routines described in [12,60]. Data were analysed as described in [61]. Briefly, calculated signals in counts per second were normalised to account for differences in the absolute humidity of each cuvette, giving the signals in normalised counts per second (ncps).…”

Section: Real Time Analysis Of Emitted Vocsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Under fire-simultaneous volatilome and transcriptome analysis unravels fine-scale responses of tansy chemotypes to dual herbivore attack

et al. 2020

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Background Tansy plants (Tanacetum vulgare L.) are known for their high intraspecific chemical variation, especially of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from the terpenoid compound group. These VOCs are closely involved in plant-insect interactions and, when profiled, can be used to classify plants into groups known as chemotypes. Tansy chemotypes have been shown to influence plant-aphid interactions, however, to date no information is available on the response of different tansy chemotypes to simultaneous herbivory by more than one insect species. Results Using a multi-cuvette system, we investigated the responses of five tansy chemotypes to feeding by sucking and/or chewing herbivores (aphids and caterpillars; Metopeurum fuscoviride Stroyan and Spodoptera littoralis Boisduval). Herbivory by caterpillars following aphid infestation led to a plant chemotype-specific change in the patterns of terpenoids stored in trichome hairs and in VOC emissions. The transcriptomic analysis of a plant chemotype represents the first de novo assembly of a transcriptome in tansy and demonstrates priming effects of aphids on a subsequent herbivory. Overall, we show that the five chemotypes do not react in the same way to the two herbivores. As expected, we found that caterpillar feeding increased VOC emissions, however, a priori aphid infestation only led to a further increase in VOC emissions for some chemotypes. Conclusions We were able to show that different chemotypes respond to the double herbivore attack in different ways, and that pre-treatment with aphids had a priming effect on plants when they were subsequently exposed to a chewing herbivore. If neighbouring chemotypes in a field population react differently to herbivory/dual herbivory, this could possibly have effects from the individual level to the group level. Individuals of some chemotypes may respond more efficiently to herbivory stress than others, and in a group environment these “louder” chemotypes may affect the local insect community, including the natural enemies of herbivores, and other neighbouring plants.

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Sniffing fungi – phenotyping of volatile chemical diversity inTrichodermaspecies

Cited by 59 publications

References 84 publications

Volatile organic compound patterns predict fungal trophic mode and lifestyle

Volatile organic compound patterns predict fungal trophic mode and lifestyle

Ecotrons: Powerful and versatile ecosystem analysers for ecology, agronomy and environmental science

Under fire-simultaneous volatilome and transcriptome analysis unravels fine-scale responses of tansy chemotypes to dual herbivore attack

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