Snag dynamics and cavity occurrence in the South Carolina Piedmont

Moorman, Christopher E.; Russell, Kevin R.; Sabin, Guy; Guynn, David C.

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(98)00482-4

Cited by 78 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Jenkins et al (2004) found that mature stands had a relatively low basal area of standing dead wood compared to older silvicultural openings, which were still undergoing stem exclusion in hardwood forests. Similarly, Moorman et al (1999), who examined snags in plantations, found that snag density was lowest in the oldest loblolly pine plantations in South Carolina, USA, and suggested that regenerating stands may have high densities of small snags as a result of density-dependent tree mortality. Snags are mostly created by self-thinning during the stem-exclusion phase of stand development (Bobiec 2002, Norden et al 2004, Angers et al 2005.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Carmona et al (2002) found that snag density and volume were high in early successional areas, but low in old-growth areas in a temperate forest in Chile, whereas Spetich et al (1999) found that snag volume was greater in old-growth than in secondgrowth stands in a forest in the midwestern USA. However, studies of snags (Green and Peterken 1997, Moorman et al 1999, Gjerde et al 2005 and coarse woody debris (CWD; Kanowski et al 2003, McCay andKamoroski 2004) in plantations are limited. Although self-thinning processes of planted trees in plantations have been studied to develop the growth models and predict the yield (e.g., John and James 1977), such studies were focusing on how to minimize snags by management (e.g., thinning) and there were few studies focusing on snags of both planted and naturally regenerated trees in plantations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, because these studies were not conducted in plantations, similar studies in plantations are required to develop ecologically sustainable plantation management guidelines. Only Moorman et al (1999) have previously examined snag abundance in plantations of differing ages. I studied plantations of various stand ages of Larix kaempferi, the main plantation species in the low-snow, cool-temperate zone of central Japan, to examine the effect of stand age on the abundance and size of snags, and to determine the species composition of snags.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Snag abundance and species composition in a managed forest landscape in central Japan composed of Larix kaempferi plantations and secondary broadleaf forests

Nagaike¹

2009

Silva Fenn.

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Larix kaempferi is the main plantation species in the low-snow, cool-temperate zone of Japan. I studied L. kaempferi plantations of various stand ages in central Japan to examine and compare the effect of stand age on the abundance, size, and species composition of snags (standing dead trees) compared to those in secondary broadleaf forests. Plantations that were older than the standard rotation age had more and larger snags than young plantations, and the species diversity of snags was positively correlated with stand age. Because the density of living planted L. kaempferi showed little correlation with snag variables, whereas that of naturally regenerated tree species was positively correlated with snag variables, the density dependence of snag occurrence was stronger in naturally regenerated trees than in planted L. kaempferi. Snag species that were positively correlated with stand age were the main species in secondary broadleaf forests in this area. Basal area, density, and number of species of snags in standard-rotation plantations were significantly lower than in long-rotation plantations and secondary broadleaf forests. Long-rotation plantations are useful for retaining snags compared to standard-rotation plantations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Snag abundance and species composition in a managed forest landscape in central Japan composed of Larix kaempferi plantations and secondary broadleaf forests

Nagaike¹

2009

Silva Fenn.

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“…Independently of vegetation physiognomy and structure, the number of cavities increases with the age of trees; aging increases the amount of rotten wood available for the action of physical and biological agents (Moorman et al 1999). Eventually, forest senescence can reach an equilibrium, where the rate of cavity increase is compensated by the rate of cavity decrease due to the falling of trees and their further deterioration by the natural closing and filling of cavities by debris and organic matter.…”

Section: Origin and Availability Of Cavities In Woodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In temperate forests, the greater the biomass or volume of a tree, the longer it stands in deterioration (Newton 1994, Moorman et al 1999, Ganey & Vojta 2004, Spiering & Knight 2005.Therefore, the variability of cavity sizes and animals that explore these trees is greater. In periodically disturbed environments (e.g.…”

Section: Origin and Availability Of Cavities In Woodmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of proximate factors affecting the nesting behavior of solitary wasps and bees (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) in preexisting cavities in wood

Morato¹,

Martins²

2006

Neotrop. Entomol.

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Neotropical Entomology 35(3): 285-298 (2006) Revisão sobre a Influência de Fatores Proximais na Nidificação de Vespas e Abelhas Solitárias (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) em Cavidades Pré-Existentes no Lenho PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Vespa solitária, abelha solitária, guilda, cavidade em árvores, ninho-armadilha ABSTRACT -Guilds of Aculeate solitary wasps and bees that nest in preexisting cavities in wood are important components of terrestrial ecosystems because they engage in several ecological interactions (e.g. predation and pollination) with other species of plants and animals. Spatial and temporal variations in richness and abundance of solitary wasps and bees can be related to changes in environmental structure and in the diversity of other groups of organisms. The nesting period of these Aculeata is their most critical life cycle stage. Females of solitary wasp and bee species invest relatively more time constructing and provisioning their nests than do females of social species. Differently from species that nest in the soil or construct exposed nests, the main factors affecting the reproductive success of solitary species nesting in preexisting wood holes are still unknown. Our objective is to provide an overview of the role of proximate causes of nesting failure or success among solitary wasps and bees (Aculeata), for designing effective conservation and management strategies for these Hymenoptera.

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Rodent response to harvesting woody biomass for bioenergy production

et al. 2017

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Harvest of low value trees and logging residues for bioenergy reduces downed wood postharvest with potential indirect negative effects on ground-dwelling wildlife such as rodents. We assessed the influence of woody biomass harvests on rodent abundances using an operational-scale, randomized complete block experimental design study in North Carolina (4 blocks) and Georgia, USA (4 blocks). Each block contained 6 treatments randomly applied to a clearcut harvest, that varied by volume of woody biomass retained, and that represented existing woody biomass harvest recommendations. We livetrapped rodents in 2011-2013, calculated the minimum number known alive for each captured species, and used the value as an index of abundance. We compared abundance of the 3 most commonly captured species (deer mice [Peromyscus spp.], house mouse [Mus musculus], and hispid cotton rat [Sigmodon hispidus]) among treatments with generalized linear mixed effects models. We assessed relationships among species' abundance and measurements of downed woody debris and vegetation in each treatment unit using linear regression. Although abundance varied among treatments in some cases, we did not detect consistent relationships between woody biomass retention treatments and abundance. Volume of downed woody debris in the treatment unit negatively influenced house mice but had varying influences on deer mice across years. Downed woody debris groundcover negatively affected deer mice in North Carolina in 2012. Litter groundcover negatively influenced deer mice and hispid cotton rats, whereas grass groundcover positively influenced the hispid cotton rat. The lack of consistent relationships between rodent abundance and volume of retained woody debris suggests that the rodent species captured in this study were not affected by current efficiencies of operational woody biomass harvests in southeastern United States loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantations. However, focal species were habitat generalists and less common species may have greater sensitivity to biomass harvests. Ó 2017 The Wildlife Society.

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Snag dynamics and cavity occurrence in the South Carolina Piedmont

Cited by 78 publications

References 11 publications

Snag abundance and species composition in a managed forest landscape in central Japan composed of Larix kaempferi plantations and secondary broadleaf forests

Snag abundance and species composition in a managed forest landscape in central Japan composed of Larix kaempferi plantations and secondary broadleaf forests

An overview of proximate factors affecting the nesting behavior of solitary wasps and bees (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) in preexisting cavities in wood

Rodent response to harvesting woody biomass for bioenergy production

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