Smoking status and abdominal obesity among normal- and overweight/obese adults: Population-based FINRISK study

Tuovinen, Eeva-Liisa; Saarni, Suoma; Männistö, Satu; Borodulin, Katja; Patja, Kristiina; Kinnunen, Taru; Kaprio, Jaakko; Korhonen, Tellervo

doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.07.003

Cited by 41 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…34 In addition, smokers tend to have unfavorable lifestyle habits, such as higher alcohol consumption and lower physical activity. 35,36 Therefore, smokers tend to have a greater volume of visceral adipose tissue. We have already reported that smoking status is cross-sectionally associated with a greater degree of abdominal obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in Pericardial Fat Volume and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a General Population of Japanese Men

Miyazawa

Kadowaki

Fujiyoshi

et al. 2018

Circ J

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in Pericardial Fat Volume and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a General Population of Japanese Men

Miyazawa

Kadowaki

Fujiyoshi

et al. 2018

Circ J

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“…It has been hypothesized that smoking‐induced inflammation or obesity may contribute to diabetes mellitus onset 11, 12, 13. Although smoking has been associated with reduced body mass index (BMI), smoking is positively associated with visceral adiposity, a known risk factor for diabetes mellitus 14.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been hypothesized that smoking-induced inflammation or obesity may contribute to diabetes mellitus onset. [11][12][13] Although smoking has been associated with reduced body mass index (BMI), smoking is positively associated with visceral adiposity, a known risk factor for diabetes mellitus. 14 We aimed to examine the associations of cigarette smoking status, intensity, and dose with incident diabetes mellitus in a large, prospective black cohort, the Jackson Heart Study (JHS).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Intensity Cigarette Smoking Is Associated With Incident Diabetes Mellitus In Black Adults: The Jackson Heart Study

White

Cain

Benjamin

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundPrevious reports on whether smoking is associated with insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus have yielded inconsistent findings. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between cigarette smoking and incident diabetes mellitus in the Jackson Heart Study.Methods and ResultsJackson Heart Study participants enrolled at baseline without prevalent diabetes mellitus (n=2991) were classified by self‐report as current smokers, past smokers (smoked ≥400 cigarettes/life and no longer smoking), or never smokers. We quantified smoking intensity by number of cigarettes smoked daily; we considered ≥20 cigarettes per day (1 pack) “high‐intensity.” We defined diabetes mellitus as fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5% or International Federation of Clinical Chemistry units HbA1c 48 mmol/mol, or use of diabetes mellitus medication. We estimated the adjusted associations of smoking status, intensity, and dose (pack‐years) with incident diabetes mellitus using Poisson regression models. At baseline there were 361 baseline current (1–10 cigarettes per day [n=242]; ≥20 [n=119]), 502 past, and 2128 never smokers. From Visit 1 to Visit 3 (mean 8.0±0.9 years), 479 participants developed incident diabetes mellitus. After adjustment for covariates, baseline current smokers who smoked less than a pack/d and past smokers had similar rates of incident diabetes mellitus compared with never smokers (incidence rate ratios 1.04, 95% confidence interval, 0.69–1.58 and 1.08, 95% confidence interval, 0.82–1.42, respectively). Baseline current high‐intensity smokers had a 79% (95% confidence interval, 1.14–2.81) higher incidence of diabetes mellitus compared with never smokers. Smoking dose (per 10 pack‐years) was also associated with a higher incidence of diabetes mellitus (incidence rate ratios 1.10, 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.19) in adjusted models.ConclusionsHigh‐intensity cigarette smoking and smoking pack‐years are associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus in blacks.

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“…This finding is in line with many researchers describing a direct relationship between smoking and weight gain. 22,23 In this regard, our cohort of female smokers living with HIV had a sizable proportion of obese and overweight participants. The hypothesis that smoking mentholated cigarettes adversely affects weight was confirmed, as smokers of mentholated cigarettes were significantly heavier than non-menthol smokers with HIV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…On the other hand, Hispanics were either overweight or obese. Near a third of the African Americans had an ideal BMI (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mentholated cigarettes or weight problems, which came first

Míguez¹,

Gray²,

Stanton³

et al. 2019

AOWMC

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Background: Despite the old myth that smokers are skinnier, obesity is reaching epidemic proportions among smokers living with HIV, and particularly among women. We have previously observed an association between the use of mentholated cigarettes and obesity, but it is unclear whether obesity was a result from menthol inducedalterations, or if weight problems were a pre-existing condition. Methods: Smokers living with HIV and ready to quit were consecutively enrolled in our clinical trial. With a response rate of 98%, 154 female smokers were enrolled until 12/2018. Smoking history was obtained and participants were grouped into users of mentholated cigarettes=Group 1, or Group 2 if non-mentholated users. The study visit includes collection of anthropometrics, along with a history of weight problems. Two main outcomes were examined: (1) the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and proximal predictor variables derived from the Socio-Ecological Model: socioeconomic status, and unhealthy habits (dietary intakes, physical activities, sleep and smoking); and (2) the prevalence of overweight and obesity (BMI >30) and the history of obesity as a function of the type of cigarette used. Result: The prevalence of obesity among this group was 51%, whereas in the general population is 38.3% (NHANES). An association was found between obesity and one SES component, race/ethnicity. Two behavioral factors were significant: high consumption of sugars and use of mentholated cigarettes. The age of smoking onset did not differ between groups 1 and 2, suggesting that smoking onset was not triggered by their weight concerns. Weight gain associated with pregnancies tended to affect the development of obesity in women during midlife and beyond (OR=2.1 95% CI 0.7-7.1, p=0.07). However, the history of obesity did not differ between Groups 1 and 2. Binary regression confirmed in the adjusted model the effects of history of obesity during childbearing years, use of mentholated cigarettes, and limited physical activity on current obesity trends. Conclusion: Data points to the primacy of behavioral factors, such as the use of mentholated cigarettes. Analyses confirmed that obesity was not a precondition linked to start smoking, indicating that it is likely to be the consequence of using mentholated cigarettes. Reduced physical activity also is contributing to the rising obesity rates.

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Smoking status and abdominal obesity among normal- and overweight/obese adults: Population-based FINRISK study

Cited by 41 publications

References 58 publications

Change in Pericardial Fat Volume and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a General Population of Japanese Men

Change in Pericardial Fat Volume and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a General Population of Japanese Men

High‐Intensity Cigarette Smoking Is Associated With Incident Diabetes Mellitus In Black Adults: The Jackson Heart Study

Mentholated cigarettes or weight problems, which came first

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