Smoking is negatively associated with the presence of thyroglobulin autoantibody and to a lesser degree with thyroid peroxidase autoantibody in serum: a population study

Pedersen, Inge Bülow; Laurberg, Peter; Knudsen, Nils; Jørgensen, Torben; Perrild, Hans; Ovesen, Lars; Rasmussen, Lone Banke

doi:10.1530/eje-07-0595

Cited by 72 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…5 A significant negative association was observed between smoking and the presence of TPOAb and TgAb. 38 Furthermore, a prospective study reported that smoking cessation might increase the risk of TPOAb and TgAb positivity. 39 Similarly, the current study demonstrated that the prevalence of TPOAb and/or TgAb positivity was lower in smokers (occasional and frequent) than in nonsmokers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between thyroid autoantibodies in serum and abnormal function and structure of the thyroid

Yan

Gao²,

Zeng

et al. 2015

J Int Med Res

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Objectives: To evaluate the association between thyroid autoantibodies and abnormalities in thyroid function and structure, and to investigate any risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in Chengdu residents !18 years with no previous thyroid disease. The study participants provided demographic and clinical data. Thyroid function and serum concentrations of the thyroid autoantibodies antithyroperoxidase antibody (TPOAb) and antithyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) were measured. Results: A total of 1334 subjects were included in this study. The prevalence of TPOAb and TgAb positivity was significantly higher in female than in male subjects. The prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies in those with subclinical hypothyroidism and clinical hyper-and hypothyroidism was significantly greater than in euthyroid subjects. The concentration of TPOAb and TgAb in subjects with both TPOAb and TgAb was significantly higher than in those who exhibited only one type of thyroid autoantibody. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, female sex, thyroid volume, thyroid hypo-and heteroechogenicity were found to be risk factors for the presence of autoantibodies. Conclusions: Thyroid autoantibodies were common in the general population. Women with thyroid enlargement, hypoechogenicity and heteroechogenicity might benefit from routine screening for thyroid autoantibodies and thyroid function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between thyroid autoantibodies in serum and abnormal function and structure of the thyroid

Yan

Gao²,

Zeng

et al. 2015

J Int Med Res

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“…The risk for having thyroid Abs was similar in moderate and heavy smokers. Comparison between former and never smokers also did not reveal any difference in the risk of having thyroid Abs [14]. But Cho et al failed to establish an association between smoking status and the level of TPO-Abs [5].…”

Section: Influence Of Cigarette Smoking On Thyroperoxidase Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Wpływ palenia papierosów na tarczycę — aktualizacja

Sawicka‐Gutaj¹,

Gutaj²,

Sowiński³

et al. 2014

Endokrynologia Polska

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Many studies have shown that cigarette smoking exerts multiple effects on the thyroid gland. Smoking seems to induce changes in thyroid function tests, like decrease in TSH and increase in thyroid hormones. However, these alterations are usually mild. In addition, tobacco smoking may also play a role in thyroid autoimmunity. Many studies have confirmed a significant influence of smoking on Graves' hyperthyroidism and particularly on Graves' orbitopathy. Here, smoking may increase the risk of disease development, may reduce the effectiveness of treatment, and eventually induce relapse. The role of smoking in Hashimoto's thyroiditis is not as well established as in Graves' disease. Nonetheless, lower prevalence of thyroglobulin antibodies, thyroperoxidase antibiodies and hypothyroidism were found in smokers. These findings contrast with a study that reported increased risk of hypothyroidism in smokers with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Moreover, cigarette smoking increases the incidence of multinodular goitre, especially in iodine-deficient areas. Some studies have examined cigarette smoking in relation to the risk of thyroid cancer. Interestingly, many of them have shown that smoking may reduce the risk of differentiated thyroid cancer. Furthermore, both active and passive smoking during pregnancy might modify maternal and foetal thyroid function. This review evaluates the current data concerning the influence of cigarette smoking on thyroid gland, including hormonal changes, autoimmunity and selected diseases. These findings, however, in our opinion, should be carefully evaluated and some of them are not totally evidence-based. Further studies are required to explain the effects of smoking upon thyroid pathophysiology. StreszczenieWyniki wielu badań dowodzą, że palenie papierosów wywiera istotny wpływ na gruczoł tarczowy. Wykazano, że nikotynizm modyfikuje parametry hormonalne tarczycy, w szczególności prowadzi do obniżenia stężenia TSH. Sugeruje się, że może również powodować nieznaczny wzrost stężenia wolnych hormonów tarczycy. Ponadto, palenie papierosów odgrywa istotną rolę w procesach autoimmunologicznych związanych z gruczołem tarczowym. Dowiedziono, że nikotynizm wywiera negatywny wpływ na przebieg choroby Gravesa i Basedowa oraz orbitopatii Gravesa i Basedowa. Palenie papierosów nie tylko zwiększa ryzyko rozwoju powyższych schorzeń, ale zmniejsza również skuteczność terapii i zwiększa ryzyko nawrotu. Wpływ palenia papierosów na chorobę Hashimoto nie jest tak jednoznacznie dowiedziony, jak w chorobie Gravesa i Basedowa. Sugeruje się, że palenie papierosów może negatywnie korelować z mianem przeciwciał przeciwko tyreoglobulinie oraz tyreoperoksydazie, zmniejszając w konsekwencji ryzyko rozwoju hipotyreozy. Palenie papierosów zwiększa ryzyko wystąpienia wola guzkowego szczególnie na obszarach niedoboru jodu. Interesująco przedstawiają się również wyniki badań nad wpływem palenia papierosów na ryzyko wystąpienia raka tarczycy. Wiele z nich dowodzi, że u palaczy ryzyko raka zróżnicowanego tarczycy jest mn...

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“…Several studies have shown cigarette smoking to be associated with increased serum Tg (Bertelsen and Hegedus, 1994;Cahoon et al, 2013;Knudsen et al, 2002;Krejbjerg et al, 2016), and with significant changes to indicators of thyroid dysfunction (including decreased serum TSH, increased thyroid size, and increased risk of prevalent non-toxic goiter and thyroid nodules in iodine deficient areas) Pedersen et al, 2008;Wiersinga, 2013). Increases in serum Tg among smokers have been attributed to thiocyanate-a metabolite of the cigarette smoke component, cyanide, and a competitive inhibitor of thyroidal iodine uptake (Tonacchera et al, 2004).…”

Section: Demographic Factors Thyroid Function and 131 I Thyroid Dosementioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with serum thyroglobulin in a Ukrainian cohort exposed to iodine-131 from the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Plant

Peters

Тronko

Hatch

et al. 2017

Environmental Research

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Background: Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) is associated with the presence of thyroid disease and has been proposed as a biomarker of iodine status. Few studies have examined factors related to serum Tg in populations environmentally exposed to ionizing radiation and living in regions with endemic mild-tomoderate iodine deficiency. Methods:We screened 10,430 individuals who were living in Ukraine and under 18 years of age at the time of the 1986 Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident for thyroid disease from 2001 to 2003. We estimated the percent change (PC) in serum Tg associated with demographic factors, iodine-131 thyroid dose, and indicators of thyroid structure and function using linear regression. We also examined these relationships for individuals with and without indications of thyroid abnormality.Results: Mean and median serum Tg levels were higher among participants with abnormal thyroid structure/function. Percent change in serum Tg increased among females, smokers and with older age (pvalues < 0.001), and Tg increased with increasing thyroid volume, and serum thyrotropin (p-values for trend < 0.001). We found no evidence of significant associations between iodine-131 thyroid dose and Tg. Serum Tg levels were inversely associated with iodized salt intake (PC= -7.90, 95% confidence interval: -12.08, -3.52), and over the range of urinary iodine concentration, the odds of having elevated serum Tg showed a U-shaped curve with elevated Tg at low and high urinary iodine concentrations. Conclusion:Serum Tg may be a useful indicator of population iodine status and a non-specific biomarker of structural and functional thyroid abnormalities in epidemiological studies.

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Smoking is negatively associated with the presence of thyroglobulin autoantibody and to a lesser degree with thyroid peroxidase autoantibody in serum: a population study

Cited by 72 publications

References 38 publications

The association between thyroid autoantibodies in serum and abnormal function and structure of the thyroid

The association between thyroid autoantibodies in serum and abnormal function and structure of the thyroid

Wpływ palenia papierosów na tarczycę — aktualizacja

Factors associated with serum thyroglobulin in a Ukrainian cohort exposed to iodine-131 from the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Plant

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