Smoking Behavior and Smoke Constituents from Cigarillos and Little Cigars

Koszowski, Bartosz; Rosenberry, Zachary R.; Yi, Daniel; Stewart, S. H.; Pickworth, Wallace B.

doi:10.18001/trs.3.2(suppl1).4

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…65 Reports have indicated that cigar smoke in general is as toxic as cigarette smoke. 4 Our data indicate that under more intense machine smoking regimens, which still may underestimate human smoking behaviors, 66 yields of toxic HPHCs from little cigars in particular are 1–4X higher than those found in a representative reference cigarette. In addition, the delivery of nicotine at levels like those found in the reference cigarette indicate the addictive potential and appeal of little cigars.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Little Cigars vs 3R4F Cigarette: Physical Properties and HPHC Yields

et al. 2017

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Objective Our objective was to characterize physical properties and semivolatile harmful and potentially harmful constituent yields in the mainstream smoke (MSS) of 4 popular little cigars compared to the 3R4F reference cigarette. Methods We used the ISO and Canadian Intense Regimen protocols to generate MSS for Cheyenne (Full Flavor and Menthol) and Swisher Sweets (Original and Sweet Cherry) little cigars; and the 3R4F. We examined physical properties such as length, tobacco filler mass, pressure drop, and ventilation for each product. Nicotine, benzo[a]pyrene, and tobacco-specific nitrosamine (TSNA) yields were determined in the MSS. Results Little cigars were longer (~15mm), contained more tobacco filler (100–200 mg), and had a higher pressure drop (~1.3X) compared to the 3R4F. Ventilation holes were found only on the filter paper of the 3R4F. Nicotine transmitted to the MSS was similar for all products under the intense smoking protocol. The highest yields of TSNAs and benzo(a)pyrene were measured for the little cigars. Conclusions Little cigars may deliver similar levels of nicotine but higher levels of carcinogens to the MSS compared to cigarettes. Thus, previous reports on the toxicity of tobacco smoke based on cigarettes might not apply to little cigar products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Little Cigars vs 3R4F Cigarette: Physical Properties and HPHC Yields

et al. 2017

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“…The report by Koszowski et al 40 illustrates another purpose of the studies were to compare mainstream smoke constituents in the cigar products. That objective dictated that we choose a single referent prototypical cigar product for each of the groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Use of Cigarettes, Little Cigars, Cigarillos, and Large Cigars: Smoking Topography and Toxicant Exposure

Pickworth¹,

Rosenberry²,

O’Grady³

et al. 2017

tob regul sci

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Objective-Smoking topography variables and toxicant exposure (plasma nicotine and exhaled CO) were examined in 3 groups of study participants that smoked both cigarettes and either filtered little cigars (Winchester), cigarillos (Black & Mild), or large cigars (Phillies Blunt).Methods-Laboratory ad lib smoking of the cigar products was collected with a smoking puff analyzer; plasma levels of nicotine and exhaled CO were collected before and after smoking.Results-Although there were no statistically significant differences in demographic and cigarette smoking topography among the groups, there were significant differences in how the different cigar products were smoked. Plasma nicotine boost was similar after all products but exhaled CO was greater after the cigarillo and large cigar than the little cigar. Some of the differences were due to the differences in article size but other differences were apparent even after adjustment for the amount of tobacco burned or the mouth intake (puff volume).Conclusions-The topography findings of differences among products challenge the practice of grouping cigars as a single entity in surveys, regulatory decisions, and discussions of toxicant exposure. The results add to the discussion of distinctions among products in the scientific assessment of public health risk and regulatory decisions.Keywords little cigars; cigarillos; large cigars; tobacco; smoking; topography; toxicant exposure Correspondence Dr Pickworth; pickworthw@battelle.org. Human Subjects StatementThis study was approved by Battelle Memorial Institute's Institutional Review Board. Conflict of Interest StatementThe authors have no conflicts of interest. HHS Public AccessAuthor manuscript Tob Regul Sci. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2018 April 01. Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author ManuscriptThe way smokers consume combustible tobacco products is individualized. 1,2 Two smokers of the same tobacco product may take different number of puffs, with various volume, velocity, and duration. Because of that unique product-user interaction, smokers may be potentially exposed to various levels of tobacco smoke constituents, even while smoking the same tobacco product. Many published studies show that measuring smoking behavior (topography) provides a valid and reliable index of smoking and an indirect measure of smoke exposure. [3][4][5][6] Smoking topography is also a useful tool for assessing harm related to smoking, or even can be used to predict abstinence after using nicotine replacement therapy. 7Smoking topography is well described in the literature for combustible cigarettes. Data show that smoking topography may depend on many different factors including: sex, 8,9 age, 9 race, nicotine metabolism ratio, CYP2A6 genotype, 8 or health status. 10,11 However, to date, data available on smoking topography of other tobacco products (particularly cigars) is limited.Assessing cigar smoking topography is challenging because there are multiple types of cigars available in the United...

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“…Using data from the national, longitudinal Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, we assessed how cigar package quantity relates to price and cigar use over two time-points for filtered cigars, cigarillos, and large cigars. Each cigar type was examined separately because of potential differences in user characteristics, products, use behaviors (e.g., puffing, inhaling, use frequency), and how the products are sold [24–26]. We examined whether, compared to longer-term users, people who recently started using cigars purchased smaller quantity packages, and whether buying larger, rather than smaller, packages predicted increasing one’s cigar smoking over time, continuing to smoke each cigar type, and continuing or starting to smoke a different cigar type or cigarettes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigar package quantity and smoking behavior

et al. 2019

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Background Several jurisdictions in the US and abroad limit the minimum number of cigars that can be sold per package. Research has not evaluated whether small packages might result in cigar use initiation, or whether adding cigars to packages might result in purchasers smoking more cigars. Methods Using nationally representative US adult data from Waves 1 and 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, we assessed links between cigar package quantity (number of cigars in the package a person usually buys) and (1) price, and (2) cigar and cigarette use over time, for three cigar types: filtered cigars, cigarillos, and large cigars. Results Smaller quantity packages (i.e., packages with fewer cigars) were cheaper per-pack than larger quantity packages but more expensive per-stick for all three cigar types. For filtered cigars, past-year starters tended to buy smaller quantity packages compared to longer-term users (geometric mean = 6.31 vs. 11.75, respectively; b = −.18, 95%CI: −.32, −.04). Also, those who bought smaller quantity packages of filtered cigars tended to smoke fewer cigars over time compared to those who bought larger quantity packages ( b = 1.16, 95%CI: 0.45, 1.87). Neither of these associations was observed for cigarillos or large cigars. We also found little evidence that buying larger quantity packages predicted continuing to use cigars or using cigarettes. Conclusions Although we found consistent associations between package quantity and price, we found few associations between package quantity and changes in cigar smoking behaviors over time, particularly for cigarillos and large cigars. Key limitations include our adult-only analyses and inability to determine the package quantity that cigar users initiated with. Future studies could examine whether package quantity plays a causal role in filtered cigar use initiation or consumption rates.

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Smoking Behavior and Smoke Constituents from Cigarillos and Little Cigars

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

Little Cigars vs 3R4F Cigarette: Physical Properties and HPHC Yields

Little Cigars vs 3R4F Cigarette: Physical Properties and HPHC Yields

Dual Use of Cigarettes, Little Cigars, Cigarillos, and Large Cigars: Smoking Topography and Toxicant Exposure

Cigar package quantity and smoking behavior

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