Smoking and balance: correlation of nicotine-induced nystagmus and postural body sway

Pereira, Cristiana Borges; Strupp, Michael; Holzleitner, Thomas; Brandt, Thomas

doi:10.1097/00001756-200105080-00033

Cited by 39 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, a detailed statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between NIN and body sway. This finding is not in agreement with those of previous investigations, which observed a correlation between the intensity of NIN and the increase of sway path as well as the time courses [9]. This discrepancy might be due to different study designs.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The effect of nicotine on perceptual, ocular motor, postural, and vegetative functions at rest and in motion

et al. 2007

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Nicotine has wellknown, unpleasant side effects, e.g., transient dizziness, nausea, and nicotine-induced nystagmus (NIN). To investigate factors influencing these effects, we addressed three questions: (1) Is the intensity of dizziness, nausea, NIN, and unsteadiness dependent on nicotine dosage? (2) Does the intensity of perceptual, ocular motor, vegetative effects, and postural imbalance correlate? (3) Do visual or vestibular motion stimuli produce and/or aggravate distressing dizziness and nausea? Sixty healthy non-smokers or occasional smokers participated; 40 were tested once before and six times after application of a nicotine nasal spray in doses of 1 mg or 2 mg with or without motion stimulation; 20 received a placebo nasal spray. Plasma nicotine concentrations were significantly related to nicotine dosage. Dizziness, nausea, NIN, and unsteadiness also depended on the nicotine dosage (p < 0.01).Nicotine blood concentration was a better predictor for the temporal dependence of nystagmus than nicotine dosage. Dizziness correlated highly with nausea (R = 0.63, p < 0.001). The degree of nicotine-induced nausea significantly correlated with postural imbalance. The time course of postural sway differed according to nicotine dosage and gender: for women, there was no clear relationship between sway magnitude and nicotine dosage, while men showed increased sway with higher dosage. Motion stimulation increased nicotine-induced dizziness and nausea, but did not significantly influence NIN or postural imbalance. Our data support the view that all measured adverse effects reflect dose-dependent nicotine-induced vestibular dysfunction. Additional motion stimulation aggravates dizziness and nausea, i.e., nicotine increases sensitivity to motion sickness.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The effect of nicotine on perceptual, ocular motor, postural, and vegetative functions at rest and in motion

et al. 2007

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“…15,16 Recent studies suggest that stabilometry are not always suitable to specify the anatomical region of the responsible focus; however, it can detect subtle vestibulospinal dysfunction. [17][18][19] The mean values of LNG, ENV-AREA, and REC-AREA in EC sessions of the migraine group were significantly greater than in controls, however, the degree of abnormality of stabilometric parameters were smaller than the results of ataxic patients in the literature. 20,21 Because we examined patients with migraine headache without any clinically apparent ataxic symptoms during the headache-free period, it is reasonable that we found only small difference in migrainous patients compared with ataxic patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Static stabilometry in patients with migraine and tension‐type headache during a headache‐free period

Ishizaki

Mori

Takeshima

et al. 2002

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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The vestibulospinal system was evaluated using a stabilometric method in patients with migraine and episodic tension-type headache during headache-free periods. Migraine patients often complain of dizziness or vertigo during headache attacks and some exhibit these symptoms between attacks. Computerized static stabilometry is a reliable and non-invasive technique to evaluate the equilibrium function in various diseases. The subjects consisted of 21 patients with migraine, 12 patients with episodic tension-type headache and, age-and sex-matched controls. We performed two sets of static stabilometric measurements with eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) for 30 s. The averages of two sessions of the following six stabilometric parameters were used for the analysis: locus length (LNG), environmental area (ENV-AREA), rectangle area (REC-AREA), locus length per second, locus length per environ area (L/E), and root mean square area. Romberg quotients (EC/EO) of these six parameters were also analyzed. The mean values of LNG, ENV-AREA and REC-AREA in the EC session in the migraine group were significantly greater than those in the controls (P < 0.05, Mann-Whitney rank sum test). Romberg quotients of all stabilometric parameters except the L/E in the migraine group were significantly greater than in the controls. Patients with episodic tension-type headache did not show any differences in the stabilometric study from the controls. The present findings suggest that patients with migraine show a significant increase of the body sway during the EC session, which indicates an underlying dysfunction in the vestibulospinal system.

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“…Smoking affects physical functions, particularly balance 43) and the integrative functions 44) . Gaze and posture stabilization are particularly affected by nicotine due to its effects on the vestibulo-ocular and vestibulo-spinal reflexes 45) . Smoking could therefore impair balance reaction due to imbalance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Occupational Injuries for Various Jobs in Railway Workers: A Case‐Control Study

Chau

Mur

Touron³

et al. 2004

Journal of Occupational Health

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Correlates of Occupational Injuries for Various Jobs in Railway Workers: A Case‐Control Study: Nearkasen Chau, et al. National Institute for Health and Medical Research (Inserm), Unit 420, Faculté de Medicine, France—Few studies have simultaneously addressed the role of occupational factors, individual characteristics and living conditions in occupational injuries, and to the best of our knowledge none on railway workers. This survey assessed the roles of these factors in various types of injuries and for various jobs in French railway workers. This case‐control study was conducted on 1,305 male workers with an occupational injury during a one‐year period and 1,305 male controls. A standardized questionnaire was administrated by an occupational physician. Data were analyzed by the logistic regression method. The significant factors found for all the injuries combined were: young age (<30 yr) (adjusted odds ratio 1.47, 95% CI 1.01–2.14), 5 yr or less in present job (1.43, 1.15–1.78), sleep disorders (1.30, 1.08–1.57), current smoker (1.27, 1.08–1.50), and no do‐it‐yourself or gardening activity (1.23, 1.02– 1.48). Young age, sleep disorders, and smoking were common for several types of injuries. The role of these factors differed between various job categories. Among injured workers sick leaves of eight days or over were more frequent in current smokers and overweight subjects. In conclusion, young age, lack of experience, job dissatisfaction, sleep disorders, smoking, and lack of physical activity increase the risk of occupational injuries. The risks induced were related with jobs. Preventive measures concerning work conditions and these factors could be conducted in railway workers generally, and especially in workers most at risk. The occupational physician could make workers more sensitive to these risks and help them to improve their living conditions during medical examinations.

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Smoking and balance: correlation of nicotine-induced nystagmus and postural body sway

Cited by 39 publications

References 14 publications

The effect of nicotine on perceptual, ocular motor, postural, and vegetative functions at rest and in motion

The effect of nicotine on perceptual, ocular motor, postural, and vegetative functions at rest and in motion

Static stabilometry in patients with migraine and tension‐type headache during a headache‐free period

Correlates of Occupational Injuries for Various Jobs in Railway Workers: A Case‐Control Study

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