Smokers have a higher risk of inflammatory peri‐implant disease than non‐smokers

Abstract

The present findings indicate that smokers have a higher risk of inflammatory peri-implant diseases. Therefore, more frequent recalls may be recommended in smokers with dental implants.

Clinical peri‐implant parameters and inflammatory cytokine profile among smokers of cigarette, e‐cigarette, and waterpipe

“…Tobacco smoking is known as a contributing risk indicator for periodontal and peri‐implant diseases . Several reports suggests that clinical peri‐implant and proinflammatory cytokine levels are higher among cigarette smokers (CS) than nonsmokers (NS) with dental implants .…”

“…Tobacco smoking is known as a contributing risk indicator for periodontal and peri-implant diseases. [1][2][3] Several reports suggests that clinical peri-implant and proinflammatory cytokine levels are higher among cigarette smokers (CS) than nonsmokers (NS) with dental implants. 4,5 The pathological mechanisms on how cigarette smoking leads to peri-implant damage may be explained by its adverse effect on wound healing, decreased blow flow and polymorphonuclear leukocyte dysfunction which poses a serious complication with regards to osseointegration and success in dental implant therapy.…”

Clinical and radiographic peri‐implant parameters and proinflammatory cytokine levels among cigarette smokers, smokeless tobacco users, and nontobacco users

“…1,2 Research indicates that habitual smoking elevate the production and amounts of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in oral structures including gingival tissues and periodontal fibroblasts. of cigarette smokers (CS).…”

Treatment of peri-implantitis with surface decontamination and particulate bone graft in a smoker patient

“…Among the predisposing factors of the periimplantitis, tobacco is probably the most recurrent factor causing failure of dental implants [3,6,7]. Smokers had a correlation with significant marginal bone loss around of implants [4].…”

“…However, smoking is not an absolute contraindication for the installation of implants, because the presence of an isolated risk factor is generally insufficient to cause failure [3,6].…”