SmartPowerchair: Characterization and Usability of a Pervasive System of Systems

The usability of virtual keyboard based eye-typing systems is currently limited due to the lack of adaptive and user-centered approaches leading to low text entry rate and the need for frequent recalibration. In this work, we propose a set of methods for the dwell time adaptation in asynchronous mode and trial period in synchronous mode for gaze based virtual keyboards. The rules take into account commands that allow corrections in the application, and it has been tested on a newly developed virtual keyboard for a structurally complex language by using a two-stage tree-based character selection arrangement. We propose several dwell-based and dwell-free mechanisms with the multimodal access facility wherein the search of a target item is achieved through gaze detection and the selection can happen via the use of a dwell time, soft-switch, or gesture detection using surface electromyography in asynchronous mode; while in the synchronous mode, both the search and selection may be performed with just the eye-tracker. The system performance is evaluated in terms of text entry rate and information transfer rate with 20 different experimental conditions. The proposed strategy for adapting the parameters over time has shown a significant improvement (more than 40%) over non-adaptive approaches for new users. The multimodal dwell-free mechanism using a combination of eye-tracking and soft-switch provides better performance than adaptive methods with eye-tracking only. The overall system receives an excellent grade on adjective rating scale using the system usability scale and a low weighted rating on the NASA task load index, demonstrating the user-centered focus of the system.

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“…The system achieved the average NASA-TLX score below 18% with both groups, showing a low workload (see in Fig. 9) [64].…”

Section: Nasa Task Load Indexmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It is a well-established method for analyzing user's workload [64,65]. Final scores for the NASA-TLX ranges from 0 to 100, where a low score indicates a better performance.…”

Section: Nasa Task Load Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and evaluation of a time adaptive multimodal virtual keyboard

Meena

Cecotti

Wong‐Lin

et al. 2019

J Multimodal User Interfaces

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“…Many Smart device and Internet of Things (IoT) systems are likely to be SoSs [20] [21] where strategic principles are required for design and operation [22]. Utilising the Internet, software applications on a Smart device may be operated by users to connect to and control other smart systems such as home security, communications systems, or assistive technology [23].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

System of Systems Characterisation assisting Security Risk Assessment

Ki-Aries

Faily

Doğan

et al. 2018

2018 13th Annual Conference on System of Systems Engineering (SoSE)

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System of Systems (SoS) is a term often used to describe the coming together of independent systems, collaborating to achieve a new or higher purpose. However, clarity is needed when using this term given that operational areas may be unfamiliar with the terminology. In this paper, we present an approach for refining System and SoS descriptions to aid multistakeholder communication and understanding; building on previous work, we illustrate an example of characterising a likely SoS. By identifying key stakeholders, systems, management and control, this approach supports the initial steps of a SoS security risk assessment approach using a tool-supported framework that supports operational needs towards requirements engineering.

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“…These range from small-scale Internet of Things (IoT) devices, software dependent systems, emergency response units, largerscale military operations, Smart cities, and the over-arching role of critical infrastructure, e.g. [2][14] [15]. Despite the limited range of SoS-based engineering guides or literature, many of them reproduce SoS descriptions and definitions largely founded and supported by Maier [16] along with Dahmann and Baldwin [17], bringing together the main four categories of SoSs.…”

Section: A Systems Of Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing System of Systems Security Risk and Requirements with OASoSIS

Ki-Aries

Faily

Doğan

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE 5th International Workshop on Evolving Security &Amp; Privacy Requirements Engineering (ESPRE)

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When independent systems come together as a System of Systems (SoS) to achieve a new purpose, dealing with requirements conflicts across systems becomes a challenge. Moreover, assessing and modelling security risk for independent systems and the SoS as a whole is challenged by a gap in related research and approaches within the SoSs domain. In this paper, we present an approach for bridging SoS and Requirements Engineering by identifying aligning SoSs concepts to assess and model security risk and requirements. We introduce our OASo-SIS approach modifying OCTAVE Allegro for SoSs using CAIRIS (Computer Aided Integration of Requirements and Information Security) with a medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) SoS exemplar for Security Requirements Engineering tool-support.

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SmartPowerchair: Characterization and Usability of a Pervasive System of Systems

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Design and evaluation of a time adaptive multimodal virtual keyboard

Design and evaluation of a time adaptive multimodal virtual keyboard

System of Systems Characterisation assisting Security Risk Assessment

Assessing System of Systems Security Risk and Requirements with OASoSIS

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