Smartphones, Memory, and Pharmacy Education

Fjortoft, Nancy; Gettig, Jacob P.; Verdone, Melinda

doi:10.5688/ajpe7054

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Third, this work broadens the scholarly knowledge on the consequences of youths’ habitual smartphone use. Previous studies have separately examined the relationship between smartphone use and sleep quality [ 17 , 46 , 47 ] or memory [ 20 , 21 ]. Our study establishes an integrated model of youth habitual smartphone use, sleep quality, and memory performance, which extends previous findings mainly based on the smartphone use among adults or college students [ 46 , 48 , 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the negative impact on sleep quality, smartphones can also be a two-edged sword for youths’ memory functions. For many students, smartphones can be memory extenders and a handy storage device for facts and information [ 20 ], but too much reliance on smartphones might have a negative and lasting impact on users’ cognitive abilities, including memory [ 21 ]. Research has also identified a significant positive correlation between sleep and memory [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Youths’ Habitual Use of Smartphones Alters Sleep Quality and Memory: Insights from a National Sample of Chinese Students

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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A growing body of work has been devoted to studying the smartphone addiction in youths and its impact on their lives, but less is known about the predictors and effects of youth habitual use of smartphones. Guided by social cognitive theory, this study investigates how habitual smartphone use affects sleep quality and everyday memory based on a nationally representative sample of Chinese students (N = 2298). It uses a cluster-randomized sampling with stratification of different areas, consisting of both urban and rural students aged 6–18 years from elementary, middle, and high schools across China. It found that Chinese students exhibited a habitual smartphone use, who were generally confident in using mobile devices, but few had smartphone addiction. Significant gender and age differences were identified concerning the habitual use of smartphone. Specifically, boys demonstrated higher levels of habitual use and smartphone self-efficacy than the girls. High school students showed the highest level of habitual smartphone use compared to those in elementary and middle schools. Smartphone use duration, frequency, and self-efficacy predicted the habitual use, which also led to poorer sleep quality and worse memory outcomes. Prebedtime exposure moderated the relationship between habitual smartphone uses and sleep quality. The results show that students’ habitual smartphone use had a significant impact on their health, cognition and more, even when they exhibited little smartphone addiction. The findings contribute to a better understanding of smartphone impact on school-age youths.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Youths’ Habitual Use of Smartphones Alters Sleep Quality and Memory: Insights from a National Sample of Chinese Students

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Our study lends credence to the idea suggested by Fjortoft and colleagues that students may prefer strategies of information access versus memorization and recall. 18 The item, "If I could not check my smartphone for a while, I would feel a desire to check it," had the third highest mean (4.9, SD51.6), which touches upon the potential addictive nature of the device. This illustrates the "pull" that smartphones may have on students during class, study sessions, meetings, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the increasing use of smartphones as tools for health professions students and trainees, determining whether there are deleterious effects related to that use is important. 18 A search for nomophobia research at the time of this writing in early 2018 revealed only nine studies with health professions students or trainees as subjects. All of those studies were in settings outside of the United States (India, Saudi Arabia, and Indonesia).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of Pharmacy Students’ Psychological Attachment to Smartphones at Two Colleges of Pharmacy

Cain

Malcom

2019

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education

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Objective. To determine the prevalence of nomophobia, the discomfort or anxiety experienced from being without a cellphone, among student pharmacists. Methods. A validated nomophobia questionnaire (NMP-Q) was administered to two groups of student pharmacists at two different Doctor of Pharmacy programs (N5192). Demographic and other information was collected including identified gender, year of birth, type of smartphone, and use of messaging services. Scores on the NMP-Q were used to classify respondents as absent of nomophobia (,20), having mild nomophobia (21-59), having moderate nomophobia (60-99), or having severe nomophobia (.100 out of a maximum score of 140). Results. Of 224 eligible students, 192 (85.7%) responded to the survey. Mean nomophobia scores were statistically similar between programs. Most students' scores were within the moderate nomophobia range (56.8%), while 24.5% were in the mild range and 18.2% were in the severe range. Score classifications were similar between schools. Overall, the data showed good internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha of .95 for the combined group. Conclusion. Nomophobia is a relatively new psychological phenomenon, and little is known about its potential implications. The student pharmacists in our study all had NMP-Q scores consistent with some degree of nomophobia. Educators must continue to study smartphone use and help student pharmacists maximize the benefits of smartphones while avoiding the potential negative psychological consequences associated with their use.

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“…An immoderate utilization of smartphones leads to symptomatology reminiscent of psychological disorders generated by substance addiction ( 12 ). Smartphones are memory extenders, functioning as convenient data depository from the ordinary to the intricate ( 13 ).…”

Section: Psu and Depression Psychopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Psychology of Addictive Smartphone Behavior in Young Adults: Problematic Use, Social Anxiety, and Depressive Stress

Pera

2020

Front. Psychiatry

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This review enhances the existing literature on relationships between problematic smartphone use (PSU), psychopathology, addictive personality, and online social engagement as regards young adults, giving attention to predictive determinants of addictive behavior in smartphone usage. My article cumulates previous research findings on the psychology of addictive smartphone behavior in terms of problematic use, social anxiety, and depressive stress by focusing on the relationship among mobile social media usage, smartphone addiction risk, mental health issues, and individual well-being. The inspected collected findings prove that depression and social anxiety constitute risk determinants for greater PSU and that particular categories of smartphone applications are positively related to well-being. State anxiety and motivations represent significant predictors of PSU. High PSU affects participation in social engagement. As limitations in the current review, my results point towards relevant avenues of research on social consequences of teenagers’ smartphone problematic use. Future directions should clarify whether compulsive smartphone use adversely affects both mental and physical health in the long run.

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Smartphones, Memory, and Pharmacy Education

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Youths’ Habitual Use of Smartphones Alters Sleep Quality and Memory: Insights from a National Sample of Chinese Students

Youths’ Habitual Use of Smartphones Alters Sleep Quality and Memory: Insights from a National Sample of Chinese Students

An Assessment of Pharmacy Students’ Psychological Attachment to Smartphones at Two Colleges of Pharmacy

The Psychology of Addictive Smartphone Behavior in Young Adults: Problematic Use, Social Anxiety, and Depressive Stress

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