Smart Hydrogel of Carboxymethyl Cellulose Grafted Carboxymethyl Polyvinyl Alcohol and Properties Studied for Future Material Applications

A continuous and scalable method for the wet spinning of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) is introduced in a core/shell configuration. Control on the interfacial interactions was possible by the choice of the shell material and coagulant, as demonstrated here with guar gum (GG) and cellulose acetate (CA). Upon coagulation in acetone, ethanol, or water, GG and CA formed supporting polymer shells that interacted to different degrees with the CNF core. Coagulation rate was shown to markedly influence the CNF orientation in the filament and, as a result, its mechanical strength. The fastest coagulation noted for the CNF/GG core/shell system in acetone led to an orientation index of ∼0.55 (Herman’s orientation parameter of 0.40), Young’s modulus of ∼2.1 GPa, a tensile strength of ∼70 MPa, and a tenacity of ∼8 cN/tex. The system that underwent the slowest coagulation rate (CNF/GG in ethanol) displayed a limited CNF orientation but achieved an intermediate level of mechanical resistance, owing to the strong core/shell interfacial affinity. By using CA as the supporting shell, it was possible to spin CNF into filaments with high water absorption capacity (43 g water/g dry filament). This was explained by the fact that water (used as the coagulant for CA) limited the densification of the CNF core structure, yielding filaments with high accessible area and pore density.

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“…Recently, biodegradable, biocompatible, and inexpensive alternatives have been actively searched from cellulose and its derivatives. 14 , 15 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorbent Filaments from Cellulose Nanofibril Hydrogels through Continuous Coaxial Wet Spinning

Lundahl

Klar

Ajdary

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…A hydrogel system based on CMC and CMPVA grafted copolymer was developed by crosslinking with adipic dihydrazide. This copolymeric hybrid hydrogel was proposed as a carrier for drug delivery and as a scaffold for tissue engineering, based on its biocompatibility with the living cells and the fact that ensures outstanding survival rate at lower polymer concentration [138]. Hydrogels based on bacterial cellulose-g-poly(acrylic acid) that are stimuli-responsive were fabricated using electron beam irradiation and evaluated as oral delivery system for proteins (e.g., bovine serum albumin (BSA)).…”

Section: Drug Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

New Developments in Medical Applications of Hybrid Hydrogels Containing Natural Polymers

Vasile¹,

Pamfil²,

Stoleru³

et al. 2020

Molecules

195

131

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New trends in biomedical applications of the hybrid polymeric hydrogels, obtained by combining natural polymers with synthetic ones, have been reviewed. Homopolysaccharides, heteropolysaccharides, as well as polypeptides, proteins and nucleic acids, are presented from the point of view of their ability to form hydrogels with synthetic polymers, the preparation procedures for polymeric organic hybrid hydrogels, general physico-chemical properties and main biomedical applications (i.e., tissue engineering, wound dressing, drug delivery, etc.).

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“…One of the simplest strategies to obviate this shortcoming has been by the synthesis of cellulose derivatives such as hydroxypropyl-cellulose or carboxymethyl-cellulose. Carboxymethylation, in general, is mostly chosen due to the technical simplicity of the process [23]. Carboxymethylation increases the hydrophilicity and solution clarity thereby improving the aqueous solubility of cellulose [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carboxymethylation, in general, is mostly chosen due to the technical simplicity of the process [23]. Carboxymethylation increases the hydrophilicity and solution clarity thereby improving the aqueous solubility of cellulose [23,24]. Additionally, pendant carboxylic acid groups that tend to attach to the cellulose backbone post-carboxymethylation render a pH-sensitivity to the otherwise unresponsive pristine cellulose [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Owing to its good film forming ability, long-term temperature and pH stability; PVA-based hydrogels find a greater call in biomedical research [33][34][35][36]. Several studies have reported the successful design of PVA/CMC hydrogels for potential applications in medicine [23,[37][38][39][40][41][42]. Literature also points towards the utilities of the aforesaid hydrogels in agriculture, dye removal and other industrial areas [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cold atmospheric plasma surface nanoengineered carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels as oral ibuprofen carriers

et al. 2019

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Smart hydrogels comprising polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose have been fabricated using a green crosslinker tetraethyl orthosilicate. The hydrogels were subjected to cold atmospheric plasma-treatment using pure Ar, pure NH 3 and a mixture of the two. Enhanced surface wettability was witnessed post-plasma treatment; irrespective of the plasma gas employed. An insignificant surface ageing of the hydrogels was marked upon exposure to air for 10 days. AFM analyses revealed the surface topographical changes at the nano level while the bulk attributes remained unaffected. The hydrogels displayed smart swelling features. The release of ibuprofen from the hydrogels in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids affirmed their potential towards oral colon-targeted drug delivery. The preliminary kinetics of drug release indicated the anomalous nature of drug transport mechanism. More so, drug release from plasma-treated hydrogels were predominantly governed by diffusion process rather than polymer chain relaxational process. The hydrogels demonstrated good biodegradability and could be efficaciously utilized as potential oral drug delivery candidates.

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Smart Hydrogel of Carboxymethyl Cellulose Grafted Carboxymethyl Polyvinyl Alcohol and Properties Studied for Future Material Applications

Cited by 29 publications

References 30 publications

Absorbent Filaments from Cellulose Nanofibril Hydrogels through Continuous Coaxial Wet Spinning

Absorbent Filaments from Cellulose Nanofibril Hydrogels through Continuous Coaxial Wet Spinning

New Developments in Medical Applications of Hybrid Hydrogels Containing Natural Polymers

Cold atmospheric plasma surface nanoengineered carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels as oral ibuprofen carriers

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