Smart Electronic Systems: An Overview

Sassone, Alessandro; Grosso, M.; Poncino, Massimo; Macii, Enrico

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27392-1_2

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…RTLS are increasingly perceived as having the potential to enhance independence and improve the physical safety of residents living in long-term care while also reducing the widespread use of restrictive measures such as antipsychotic drugs, physical restraints, and secure units [16][17][18]. These first-generation smart systems [19] that use wireless geolocation have been successfully implemented in other industries such as insurance [20] and telecommunications [21] but present novel challenges when deployed in health care, particularly when they are also used to generate personal data from vulnerable people [22]. In fact, although the intent of care providers and organizations is to use RTLS to improve the lives of people living with dementia or other types of cognitive disabilities, their use may provide the opposite result by threatening residents' privacy and restricting their activity within the range of the technology [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting the Implementation, Use, and Adoption of Real-Time Location System Technology for Persons Living With Cognitive Disabilities in Long-term Care Homes: Systematic Review

Grigorovich¹,

Kulandaivelu²,

Newman³

et al. 2021

J Med Internet Res

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Background As the aging population continues to grow, the number of adults living with dementia or other cognitive disabilities in residential long-term care homes is expected to increase. Technologies such as real-time locating systems (RTLS) are being investigated for their potential to improve the health and safety of residents and the quality of care and efficiency of long-term care facilities. Objective The aim of this study is to identify factors that affect the implementation, adoption, and use of RTLS for use with persons living with dementia or other cognitive disabilities in long-term care homes. Methods We conducted a systematic review of the peer-reviewed English language literature indexed in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL from inception up to and including May 5, 2020. Search strategies included keywords and subject headings related to cognitive disability, residential long-term care settings, and RTLS. Study characteristics, methodologies, and data were extracted and analyzed using constant comparative techniques. Results A total of 12 publications were included in the review. Most studies were conducted in the Netherlands (7/12, 58%) and used a descriptive qualitative study design. We identified 3 themes from our analysis of the studies: barriers to implementation, enablers of implementation, and agency and context. Barriers to implementation included lack of motivation for engagement; technology ecosystem and infrastructure challenges; and myths, stories, and shared understanding. Enablers of implementation included understanding local workflows, policies, and technologies; usability and user-centered design; communication with providers; and establishing policies, frameworks, governance, and evaluation. Agency and context were examined from the perspective of residents, family members, care providers, and the long-term care organizations. Conclusions There is a striking lack of evidence to justify the use of RTLS to improve the lives of residents and care providers in long-term care settings. More research related to RTLS use with cognitively impaired residents is required; this research should include longitudinal evaluation of end-to-end implementations that are developed using scientific theory and rigorous analysis of the functionality, efficiency, and effectiveness of these systems. Future research is required on the ethics of monitoring residents using RTLS and its impact on the privacy of residents and health care workers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting the Implementation, Use, and Adoption of Real-Time Location System Technology for Persons Living With Cognitive Disabilities in Long-term Care Homes: Systematic Review

Grigorovich¹,

Kulandaivelu²,

Newman³

et al. 2021

J Med Internet Res

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“…S MART systems and infrastructures rely on mobile and pervasive technologies to offer end-users with portable and context-sensitive services that range from social networking, mobile commerce, to smart and connected health care [1], [2]. Considering service-driven computing for smart systems, the future of smart healthcare is hyper-connected, highly pervasive, and personalized [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Security and Privacy for mHealth and uHealth Systems: A Systematic Mapping Study

2020

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An increased adoption of mobile health (mHealth) and ubiquitous health (uHealth) systems empower users with handheld devices and embedded sensors for a broad range of healthcare services. However, m/uHealth systems face significant challenges related to data security and privacy that must be addressed to increase the pervasiveness of such systems. This study aims to systematically identify, classify, compare, and evaluate state-of-the-art on security and privacy of m/uHealth systems. We conducted a systematic mapping study (SMS) based on 365 qualitatively selected studies to (i) classify the types, frequency, and demography of published research, (ii) synthesize and categorize research themes, (iii) recurring challenges, (iv) prominent solutions (i.e., research outcomes) and their (v) reported evaluations (i.e., practical validations). Results suggest that the existing research on security and privacy of m/uHealth systems primarily focuses on select group of control families (compliant with NIST800-53), protection of systems and information, access control, authentication, individual participation, and privacy authorisation. In contrast, areas of data governance, security and privacy policies, and program management are underrepresented, although these are critical to most of the organizations that employ m/uHealth systems. Most research proposes new solutions with limited validation, reflecting a lack of evaluation of security and privacy of m/uHealth in the real world. Empirical research, development, and validation of m/uHealth security and privacy is still incipient, which may discourage practitioners from readily adopting solutions from the literature. This SMS facilitates knowledge transfer, enabling researchers and practitioners to engineer security and privacy for emerging and next generation of m/uHealth systems.

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“…Morphing can also be defined as ability to adopt to the ambient conditions and it may involve micro or macro and structural or fluidic approaches (Gohardani et al, 2014; McEvoy and Correll, 2015; McGowan et al, 2002b). This adeptness is of great significance in fields such as biomedical, structural health monitoring, aerospace, defence and robotics (Jani et al, 2014; Le et al, 2015; Nguyen et al, 2012; Sassone et al, 2016; Siciliano and Khatib, 2008). Biomimetic applications are one of these interested fields because of the ability of EAP materials to mimic the movements of insects, animals and humans for making biologically inspired mechanisms (Bar-Cohen, 2006; Habib, 2011; Mutlu et al, 2016; Oliver et al, 2016; Vedaraj et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on electroactive polymers development for aerospace applications

Bashir

Rajendran

2018

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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Newfangled smart materials have inspired the researchers to look for more efficient materials that can respond to specific stimuli and retain the original shape. Electroactive polymers are such materials which are capable of sensing and real-time actuation. Various electroactive polymers are excellent candidates due to high strain rate, fast response, reliability and high mechanical compliance despite tough manufacturing. In this study, electroactive polymers are reviewed and the general enabling mechanisms employing their distinct characteristics are presented, and the factors influencing the properties of various electroactive polymers are also discussed. Our study also enumerates the current trends in the development of electroactive polymers along with its progress in aerospace discipline. The electromechanical properties of electroactive polymer materials endow them the capability to work as both sensors and actuators in the field of aerospace. Hence, we provide an overview of various applications of electroactive polymers in aerospace field, notably aircraft morphing. These actuators are vastly used in aerospace applications like Mars Nano-rover, space robotic, flapping wings and active flap. Therefore, the electroactive polymer applications such as effective actuators can be investigated more in their materials, molecular interactions, electromechanics and actuation mechanisms. Considering electroactive polymers unique properties, they will endeavour the great potential applications within aerospace industry.

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Smart Electronic Systems: An Overview

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

Factors Affecting the Implementation, Use, and Adoption of Real-Time Location System Technology for Persons Living With Cognitive Disabilities in Long-term Care Homes: Systematic Review

Factors Affecting the Implementation, Use, and Adoption of Real-Time Location System Technology for Persons Living With Cognitive Disabilities in Long-term Care Homes: Systematic Review

Security and Privacy for mHealth and uHealth Systems: A Systematic Mapping Study

A review on electroactive polymers development for aerospace applications

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