Smart Cities at the Forefront of the Future Internet

Abstract

Smart cities have been recently pointed out by M2M experts as an emerging market with enormous potential, which is expected to drive the digital economy forward in the coming years. However, most of the current city and urban developments are based on vertical ICT solutions leading to an unsustainable sea of systems and market islands. In this work we discuss how the recent vision of the Future Internet (FI), and its particular components, Internet of Things (IoT) and Internet of Services (IoS), can become building blocks to progress towards a unified urban-scale ICT platform transforming a Smart City into an open innovation platform. Moreover, we present some results of generic implementations based on the ITU-T's Ubiquitous Sensor Network (USN) model. The referenced platform model fulfills basic principles of open, federated and trusted platforms (FOTs) at two different levels: the infrastructure level (IoT to support the complexity of heterogeneous sensors deployed in urban spaces), and at the service level (IoS as a suit of open and standardized enablers to facilitate the composition of interoperable smart city services). We also discuss the need of infrastructures at the European level for a realistic large-scale experimentally-driven research, and present main principles of the unique-in-the-world experimental test facility under development within the SmartSantander EU project.

Barriers to the Development of Smart Cities in Indian Context

“…The widespread use of information technologies also enables cities to empower the advancement of indispensable services for safety, health, governance and delivery (Hernández-Muñoz et al 2011;Pereira et al 2017). For assisting policymakers on smart city network design, the California Institute for Smart Communities explored ways of transforming a city into smart city along with the extent of utilisation of information technologies in smart city context (Alawadhi et al 2012;Albino et al 2015).…”

Challenges with smart cities initiatives: A municipal decision makers perspective

“…Furthermore, Balakrishna [3] points to the lack of full scale testbeds to learn from, which is also made evident by Hernández-Muñoz, et al [22] who conclude that most existing smart city initiatives do not allow for full scale experiment under realistic operational conditions due to the limited size of the testbeds.…”

Internet of Things: Architecture, Security and Applications

“…By making use of advanced services we can certainly improve the efficiency in the handling of the available physical infrastructures of a city like road networks, land, power grid and so on. This improvement in efficiency will in all certainty lead to its citizens leaving a superior class of life [15]. An overview of application areas in a smart city and few illustrations in each of those areas is shown in Fig.…”