Smart Channel Modelling for Cloud and Fog Attenuation Using ML for Designing of 6G Networks at D and G Bands

Singh, Hitesh; Kumar, Vivek; Saxena, Kumud; Kapse, Vinod; Bonev, Boncho; Prasad, Ramjee

doi:10.1007/s11277-023-10201-0

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…No No [5], [14], [6] Fog and cloud Yes Yes No [15], [16], [7], [8] Atmospheric Gases Yes Yes No [5], [17], [18], [9], [19] Free space Yes Yes Yes [18], [20], [19] ©International Telecommunication Union, 2024 and equivalent isotropic radiated power for the FSS, MSS and BSS to protect ixed and mobile services in the frequency bands 71-76 GHz and 81-86 GHz (Earth-to-space) item and, under agenda item 1.18, the ITU will consider possible regulatory measures regarding the protection of the EESS (passive) and the radio astronomy service in certain frequency bands above 76 GHz from unwanted emissions of active services [25].…”

Section: Yesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on THz communications between Low Earth Orbit constellations and Earth Stations

Estephania Flores Aguilar,

Gunes Karabulut-Kurt

2024

ITU J-FET

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A non-terrestrial system that uses Terahertz (THz) frequencies is a potential solution to achieving equal access to the Internet worldwide. This paper describes a non-terrestrial system that consists of a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellation, Earth Stations in Motion (ESIMs) and standard Earth stations. We examine the effects of rain, fog, clouds and atmospheric gases for this non-terrestrial system for frequencies between 100-300 GHz. The research findings suggest that the frequency bands between 102 - 109.5 GHz are rather suitable for communication between Earth stations and satellites, including ESIMs, reaching in a critical scenario uplink data rates of up to 2.6 Gbits/s with 0.5 GHz of bandwidth or up to 12 Gbits/s with 5 GHz of bandwidth in uplink. For the downlink, we can reach up to 6 Mbits/s with a transmitted power of 29 dBW, but if we increase the power transmitted by satellites, it is possible to reach up to 25 Gbits/s with 2.5GHz of bandwidth. Under clear, blue-sky conditions, we can achieve a maximum data rate of 17.3 Gbits/s for downlink and uplink. For inter-satellite links (communications between satellites in the same orbit or between different orbits), the frequency bands between 111.8 - 114.25 GHz, 116 - 123 GHz, 174.5 - 182 GHz, 185 - 190 GHz are viable, offering speeds from 1.5 to 2.51 Gbits/s when using a uniform rectangular array with 625 radiating elements. This research provides new findings from the amalgamation of existing literature, which is crucial for the future allocation of optimal frequencies between 100 - 300 GHz for satellite services.

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Section: Yesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on THz communications between Low Earth Orbit constellations and Earth Stations

Estephania Flores Aguilar,

Gunes Karabulut-Kurt

2024

ITU J-FET

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“…For instance, the SDN controllers used to manage and control UAV networks are easy targets. Furthermore, eavesdropping attacks, hijacking attacks, spoofing attacks, and DDoS attacks can also occur in many 6G applications [63,64].…”

Section: Figure 20: Recent Studies In 6gmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review and Bibliometric Analysis of the Current Studies for the 6G Networks

Salih,

Rahman,

Firdaus

et al. 2024

CMES

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The race to develop the next generation of wireless networks, known as Sixth Generation (6G) wireless, which will be operational in 2030, has already begun. To realize its full potential over the next decade, 6G will undoubtedly necessitate additional improvements that integrate existing solutions with cutting-edge ones. However, the studies about 6G are mainly limited and scattered, whereas no bibliometric study covers the 6G field. Thus, this study aims to review, examine, and summarize existing studies and research activities in 6G. This study has examined the Scopus database through a bibliometric analysis of more than 1,000 papers published between 2017 and 2021. Then, we applied the bibliometric analysis methods by including (1) document type, (2) subject area, (3) author, and (4) country of publication. The study's results reflect the research 6G community's trends, highlight important research challenges, and elucidate potential directions for future research in this interesting area.

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Nonlinear dimensionality reduction based visualization of single-cell RNA sequencing data

Yousuff,

Babu,

Rathinam

2024

J Anal Sci Technol

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Single-cell multi-omics technology has catalyzed a transformative shift in contemporary cell biology, illuminating the nuanced relationship between genotype and phenotype. This paradigm shift hinges on the understanding that while genomic structures remain uniform across cells within an organism, the expression patterns dictate physiological traits. Leveraging high throughput sequencing, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a powerful tool, enabling comprehensive transcriptomic analysis at unprecedented resolution. This paper navigates through a landscape of dimensionality reduction techniques essential for distilling meaningful insights from the scRNA-seq datasets. Notably, while foundational, Principal Component Analysis may fall short of capturing the intricacies of diverse cell types. In response, nonlinear techniques have garnered traction, offering a more nuanced portrayal of cellular relationships. Among these, Pairwise Controlled Manifold Approximation Projection (PaCMAP) stands out for its capacity to preserve local and global structures. We present an augmented iteration, Compactness Preservation Pairwise Controlled Manifold Approximation Projection (CP-PaCMAP), a novel advancement for scRNA-seq data visualization. Employing benchmark datasets from critical human organs, we demonstrate the superior efficacy of CP-PaCMAP in preserving compactness, offering a pivotal breakthrough for enhanced classification and clustering in scRNA-seq analysis. A comprehensive suite of metrics, including Trustworthiness, Continuity, Mathew Correlation Coefficient, and Mantel test, collectively validate the fidelity and utility of proposed and existing techniques. These metrics provide a multi-dimensional evaluation, elucidating the performance of CP-PaCMAP compared to other dimensionality reduction techniques.

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Smart Channel Modelling for Cloud and Fog Attenuation Using ML for Designing of 6G Networks at D and G Bands

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

A study on THz communications between Low Earth Orbit constellations and Earth Stations

A study on THz communications between Low Earth Orbit constellations and Earth Stations

A Review and Bibliometric Analysis of the Current Studies for the 6G Networks

Nonlinear dimensionality reduction based visualization of single-cell RNA sequencing data

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