Smart Breeding for Climate Resilient Agriculture

Bakala, Harmeet Singh; Singh, Gurjeet; Srivastava, Puja

doi:10.5772/intechopen.94847

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…The impacts of climate change on crop yields and the broader agricultural landscape are clear and require proactive measures to mitigate and adapt to these challenges. The development of climateresilient crops is a crucial part of this effort, as it holds the promise of ensuring a consistent food supply for future generations, even in the face of a changing and uncertain climate (Bakala et al, 2020).…”

Section: Adaptabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Breeding for Climate Resilience: Strategies and Genetic Adaptations

2024

Trends Anim Plant Sci

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Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges of our time, with far-reaching impacts on global agriculture. As weather patterns become increasingly unpredictable and extreme events such as droughts, floods, and heat waves become more frequent, the need for climate-resilient crop varieties has never been more urgent. This review article provides a comprehensive exploration of the strategies and genetic adaptations employed in plant breeding to develop crop varieties capable of withstanding the challenges posed by a changing climate. The article commences by elucidating the critical role that climate change plays in agriculture, affecting factors such as temperature, precipitation and the prevalence of pests and diseases. It underscores the necessity of climate-resilient crop varieties to secure global food production and mitigate potential food crises. A fundamental pillar of climate resilience in agriculture is genetic diversity. The article highlights the significance of maintaining and utilizing diverse plant germplasm to breed new crop varieties that can adapt to a range of environmental stressors. It also examines the importance of conserving wild relatives of cultivated crops, as they often harbor valuable traits for climate adaptation. To develop climate-resilient crop varieties, plant breeding has evolved significantly over the years. The article explores various breeding approaches, starting with traditional methods such as selecting resilient varieties through conventional breeding. It delves into the development of crops that can withstand specific stressors like drought, heat, cold, and resist diseases and pests. The integration of modern genetic techniques is a game-changer, allowing breeders to make significant strides in developing climate-resilient crops.

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Section: Adaptabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Breeding for Climate Resilience: Strategies and Genetic Adaptations

2024

Trends Anim Plant Sci

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“…Strategies to improve the crop production, and yield potential of cumin include advanced agronomic approaches, breeding approaches, intervention of farm mechanization and improvement in extension programmes. Cumin researchers should focus on developing climate-resilient high-yielding varieties through climate-smart technologies and practices to deal with the climatic constraints [7] (Figure 3). Plant breeders combine the important yield component and quality traits [32] by utilizing modern breeding tools [45,110,111] such as speed breeding [33] should continue for cumin production.…”

Section: Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Tackling the Constraints of Cumin Cultivation and Management Practices

Kumar¹,

Sahoo²,

Kushwaha³

et al. 2023

annagriccropsci

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Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) is an important seed spice crop, having good medicinal properties and grown predominately in arid and semi-arid region of the world. India is the leading country with share of 70% in the world production of cumin. Two states of India (Rajasthan and Gujarat) cover nearly 80% of the total area under cumin cultivation. The current scenario and status of area, production and productivity in India has been reviewed to identify the various factors affecting cumin production and productivity. Apart from these major constraints related to climate, soil, agronomical, crop input, extension, marketing and farm mechanization in cumin production and their management are discussed thoroughly. Due to low productivity of cumin there is need to focus on integrated approaches such as utilizing modern technologies, advance agronomic practises, farm mechanization interventions and advanced breeding tools to enhance the cumin production. The study reveals alternative solutions to overcome these problems and evidenced that there is huge scope of farm mechanization to improve the production of cumin crop and reduce drudgery of farmers.

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“…Similarly, the evaluation of advanced breeding lines grown under drought stress showed a reduction in grain yield up to 45% as compared to controlled conditions. Therefore, to overcome these challenges and to feed the ever-rising human population, it is utmost important to prioritize the research objectives to develop drought-resilient wheat varieties ( Bakala et al., 2020 ). However, breeding drought-resilient cultivars is challenged by the complex genetic architecture of drought stress tolerance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the genetic landscape of seedling drought stress tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through genome-wide association studies

Gudi,

Halladakeri,

Singh

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Wheat is an important cereal crop constrained by several biotic and abiotic stresses including drought stress. Understating the effect of drought stress and the genetic basis of stress tolerance is important to develop drought resilient, high-yielding wheat cultivars. In this study, we investigated the effects of drought stress on seedling characteristics in an association panel consisting of 198 germplasm lines. Our findings revealed that drought stress had a detrimental effect on all the seedling characteristics under investigation with a maximum effect on shoot length (50.94% reduction) and the minimum effect on germination percentage (7.9% reduction). To gain a deeper understanding, we conducted a genome-wide association analysis using 12,511 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which led to the identification of 39 marker-trait associations (MTAs). Of these 39 MTAs, 13 were particularly noteworthy as they accounted for >10% of the phenotypic variance with a LOD score >5. These high-confidence MTAs were further utilized to extract 216 candidate gene (CGs) models within 1 Mb regions. Gene annotation and functional characterization identified 83 CGs with functional relevance to drought stress. These genes encoded the WD40 repeat domain, Myb/SANT-like domain, WSD1-like domain, BTB/POZ domain, Protein kinase domain, Cytochrome P450, Leucine-rich repeat domain superfamily, BURP domain, Calmodulin-binding protein60, Ubiquitin-like domain, etc. Findings from this study hold significant promise for wheat breeders as they provide direct assistance in selecting lines harboring favorable alleles for improved drought stress tolerance. Additionally, the identified SNPs and CGs will enable marker-assisted selection of potential genomic regions associated with enhanced drought stress tolerance in wheat.

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Smart Breeding for Climate Resilient Agriculture

Cited by 7 publications

References 143 publications

Plant Breeding for Climate Resilience: Strategies and Genetic Adaptations

Plant Breeding for Climate Resilience: Strategies and Genetic Adaptations

Tackling the Constraints of Cumin Cultivation and Management Practices

Deciphering the genetic landscape of seedling drought stress tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through genome-wide association studies

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