Small Water Distribution System Disinfection by-Product Control: Water Quality Management Using Storage Systems

Poleneni, Sandhya Rao

doi:10.21660/2015.17.4200

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Chemical disinfections of drinking water, both chlorinated and non‐chlorinated, can expose consumers to potential health risks of organic and inorganic disinfection‐by‐products (DBPs) (Li & Mitch, 2018). The potential formation of DBPs in WDNs is related to several biological, chemical, and physical factors, which exacerbates as water age increases (Poleneni & Inniss, 2015). Hence, the evaluation and monitoring of impacts on water quality are crucial activities for WDN reliability (Wang et al., 2021) and asset management (Qi et al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leakage Management Influence on Water Age of Water Distribution Networks

Giustolisi

Ciliberti

Berardi

et al. 2023

Water Resources Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Today, the natural deterioration of aged water distribution infrastructures asks for planning and designing technical activities spanning from operative (short), to tactical (medium) and strategic (long) horizon times. However, these activities influence the hydraulics of the Water Distribution Networks (WDNs) in terms of field of velocity and flow in pipes. Therefore, the water quality issue is related to the leakage management of WDNs.It is recognized that leakage management affects several aspects of the WDNs such as the quality of service (Almandoz et al., 2005), increasing energy consumption and economic losses (Colombo & Karney, 2005), and exposing customers to potential health issues (WHO, 2017). Starting from the new millennium, the socio-economic awareness about the problem of water losses has motivated regulators and water companies to move from reactive to proactive maintenance approach (Thornton & Lambert, 2005). Among different classes of water leakages, the background and unreported leakages are those having the most important volumetric effect on the WDN management (Berardi & Giustolisi, 2021); thus, they are referred to as volumetric leakages in the following.Leakages depend on pressure and deterioration of pipes because they can be considered as outflows working according to the Torricelli law, which orifice area varies with the pressure depending on pipe material. Therefore, the main design activities for leakage management in operative and tactical planning horizons are pressure control (e.g., Walski et al., 2006) and District Metering Areas (DMAs) design (e.g., MacDonald & Yates, 2005), together with active leakage control (Thornton & Lambert, 2005). Pipe replacement plans range from the tactical to the strategic time horizons because works are much more expensive in terms of time and direct and indirect costs.Pressure control in WDN is mainly implemented using pressure control valves (e.g., Araujo et al., 2006) and should guarantee the correct pressure for supplying water to customers (e.g., Berardi et al., 2018). DMA design, which was originally conceived to monitor flows and pressure, also gives the opportunity to change the original WDN topology by closing sectioning valves at DMA boundaries, thus modifying the field of velocity and flow in

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leakage Management Influence on Water Age of Water Distribution Networks

Giustolisi

Ciliberti

Berardi

et al. 2023

Water Resources Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Particular increase of interest in the composition of humic substances in water is noted since the publication of research regarding the generation of trihalomethanes (THMs) during the chlorination of water. THMs precursors are mainly humic acids, metabolites of aquatic organisms, mono-, di-and tri-carboxylic acids, and aromatic carboxylic acids (Poleneni andInniss, 2015 andDojlido 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Trihalomethane Precursors Using Enhanced Coagulation

Bakr

Khalil

Abdullah³

2020

Journal of Environmental Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Jar tests were conducted to simulate the conventional processes of water treatment. Enhanced coagulation used the traditional alum that is already applied in water treatment in Egypt, with a comparison with ferric chloride and mixture of alum and ferric chloride, the strategy of enhanced treatment adopted mainly organic matter and THMs beside turbidity, so the doses of coagulant were increased to achieve better removal of THMs which have an health issue. Conventional treatment processes including addition of aluminum sulphate or ferric chloride to the raw water followed by coagulation, sedimentation and rapid sand filtration are important step in water purification. They reduced the organic matter to about 42% and THMs to 37 using the baseline dose (25 mg/l). The enhanced coagulation process by increasing the dose of alum reduced the total organic carbon and THMs to 57 % and 54 % respectively. Using of ferric chloride at a baseline dose reduced TOC and THMs by 40 % and 36% respectively, while enhanced coagulation by increasing the dose of ferric chloride (at a dose of 35 mg/l) raised up the removal of TOC and THMs to 47 % and 44% respectively. The dual coagulant of alum and ferric chloride achieved 47% removal of TOC and 36% for THMs at a dosage of 25 mg/l, while the enhanced coagulation by increasing the dose of duel coagulant of alum and ferric chloride (35 mg/l) raising up the removal of TOC to 61% and THMs to 50%. The advantageous of the dual coagulant is higher reduction of residual aluminum and THMs, this attributed to the enhancement of flocculation which create activated adsorption sites of flocs surfaces.

show abstract

“…As observed in Missouri, in many small-scale utilities the floc formed is usually too small or light in weight for it to settle down and travels beyond the final clarification step into the filtration stage resulting in more frequent back wash cycles [9]. This also allows for higher concentrations of TOC to react with chlorine, forming higher concentrations of DBPs even before the finished water leaves the system [10,11]. Factors such as detention time in first and second stage basins in the 2-stage water treatment process, floc thickness (robust floc is denser and will settle out easily), raw water quality and coagulant type, and concentration used can dictate how efficient the treatment process is in removing TOC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Flocculation Using Drinking Water Treatment Plant Sedimentation Residual Solids

Poleneni¹,

Inniss

Shi

et al. 2019

Water

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inefficient removal of total organic carbon (TOC) leads to the formation of carcinogenic disinfection by-products (DBPs) when a disinfectant is added. This study is performed in an effort to develop a simple, non-invasive, and cost-effective technology that will effectively lower organic precursors by having water utilities reuse their treatment residual solids. Jar tests are used to simulate drinking water treatment processes with coagulants-aluminum sulfate (alum), poly-aluminum chloride (PACl), and ferric chloride and their residual solids. Ten coagulant-to-residual (C/R) ratios are tested with water from the Missouri River at Coopers Landing in Columbia, MO versus alluvial ground waters. This treatment results in heavier floc formation and leads to improved sedimentation of organics and additional removal of aluminum and iron. An average of 21%, 28%, and 33% additional TOC removal can be achieved with C/R ratios <1 with alum, PACl, and ferric chloride, respectively.

show abstract

Small Water Distribution System Disinfection by-Product Control: Water Quality Management Using Storage Systems

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Leakage Management Influence on Water Age of Water Distribution Networks

Leakage Management Influence on Water Age of Water Distribution Networks

Reduction of Trihalomethane Precursors Using Enhanced Coagulation

Enhanced Flocculation Using Drinking Water Treatment Plant Sedimentation Residual Solids

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About