Small Scale Gas Producer-Engine Systems

Kaupp, Albrecht; Goss, J. R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-663-06868-6

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Chemical efficiency of such an allo-autothermal process reaches 93%, whereas in the autothermal conditions it does not exceed 75-80% [9,10]. Moreover, the tar content in the unrefined gas is at the level of 15 mg/nm 3 . Such gas can be used after its conditioning without additional cleaning.…”

Section: A Review Of Technologies For Multistage Solid Fuel Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Diesel internal combustion engine that used this gas could operate without capital maintenance for 30 years [3].…”

Section: A Review Of Technologies For Multistage Solid Fuel Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gasification technology meeting the contemporary level of technology development should correspond to the following criteria: (1) the gasifier should operate in automatic, mainly unmanned mode,(2) the gasifier operation should be stable and provide insignificant variations in gas composition and flow rate that randomly occur over time, (3) it should produce the minimum amount of liquid and solid waste,(4) the conversion process should be, if possible, little sensitive to changes in the properties of fuel biomass, that is, moisture content and size of particles, and (5) the efficiency of converting fuel chemical energy into gas chemical energy should reach 80-85%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling of Pyrolysis in a Stage Scheme of Low‐Grade Solid Fuel Gasification

Козлов¹,

Levin²,

Svishchev³

et al. 2017

Pyrolysis

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This paper is concerned with the development of a model of wood pyrolysis in a screw reactor as the first stage of the multistage gasification process. In terms of design, the pilot pyrolyzer represents a recuperative heat exchanger where the heat carrier is represented by a mixture of exhaust and recirculation gases. To prevent clinkering of particles and thermal inhomogeneities, screw-type transportation is used to transport fuel. In order to describe kinetics of pyrolysis and transport of volatiles within the wood particles and their transition to the gas phase, we carried out the studies using a complex of synchronous thermal analysis. The original techniques for the interpretation of measurements were developed for this complex, including the techniques for technical analysis of fuels and identification of detailed kinetics and mechanism of pyrolysis. A detailed numerical modeling of pyrolyzer was performed using the Comsol Multiphysics software, which makes it possible to optimize the design and operating parameters of the pyrolysis process in a screw reactor.

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Section: A Review Of Technologies For Multistage Solid Fuel Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Diesel internal combustion engine that used this gas could operate without capital maintenance for 30 years [3].…”

Section: A Review Of Technologies For Multistage Solid Fuel Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling of Pyrolysis in a Stage Scheme of Low‐Grade Solid Fuel Gasification

Козлов¹,

Levin²,

Svishchev³

et al. 2017

Pyrolysis

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“…A high temperature in the reaction zone being favorable for cracking of complex chemical structures to smaller ones is a wellknown phenomenon. Careful measurements by Kaupp [3] have shown that the tar fraction is reduced substantially if a tar-filled gas passes through a hot bed of charcoal. The next question is the residence time in the reactive zone.…”

Section: Principles Of Reactor Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass

Dasappa

2014

Transformation of Biomass

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The work on thermo-chemical conversion of biomass was initiated at the Institute with the financial support from the Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology in 1981. During the first five years, one of the key question addressed was: Can a 3.7 kWe gasifier be built to produce engine consistent quality gas from woody biomass -even though small systems are prone to unfavorable thermal conditions? Studies showed that this question could be answered in the positive. The period 1985-90 was characterized by the demonstration of the possibility of new technologies that emerged from innovations in the laboratory. Soon there was a need to address requests for medium capacity systems. An automated 100-kWe gasifier with data acquisition system was set up at Port Blair. This system operated from 1990 led to several modifications and improved versions. The period 1990 -1995, was studded with 'crossing several milestones' related to 'technology improvement' and device longevity. The problems addressed during this period related to enhancing reactor life using ceramics. These efforts led to emergence of landmark reactor technology -rammed mass technology and hard high allumina tile face.The period of 1995 to 2000 was characterized by great interest from the Ministry of Non-conventional Energy Sources (MNES) and some interest from international groups, broadening the biomass feedstock types, adaptation to various type of engines, etc. The principal questions addressed were: Can feed stock range be enhanced to include other agro residues and urban solid waste. Can turbo-charged engines be run on producer gas without any technical problems? Can the issues related to gas engines be understood and technology elements built here. These led improving the scientific base. In doing so, many scientific questions were tackled. This period was also characterized by scientific developments involving, (a) modeling of combustion of individual biomass in specific geometric like sphere, (b) reactor as thermo-chemical device, (c) reactor design, (d) producer gas as a combustible medium, (e) physics of flame propagation vis-à-vis smooth burning in a high compression engines, heat balance and combustion in CI and SI engines has led to better science and engineering.This vast experience has enabled evolving, designing; field-testing and installing a large number of open top reburn gasification systems from 3 kW -1 MWe.Technological improvements on the reactor were accompanied by improvements in the gasifier subsystems also. Manufacturing process also has been examined to ensure good quality assurance. These studies have led to, a. interpreting gasification process as a two staged combustion process b. using a staged conversion process to achieve clean combustion-(high efficiency and low pollutant emission) c. adapting technology to low grade fuels like, agro wastes (sugar cane trash, agro residues), weeds (ipomea with high alkaline ash) and poorly segregated urban solid wastes.

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“…Biomass can be converted by gasification into a gaseous fuel (producer gas) [1]. The fuel can be used to operate engines, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas chromatographic—mass spectrometric analysis of tar compounds formed during pyrolysis of rice husks

Haanappel

Stevens

Hovestad

et al. 1991

Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applicatio

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Pyrolysis of agricultural waste to produce fuel gas involves formation of tars as noxious by-products. In this paper the qualitative analysis of tars formed during pyrolysis of rice husks is presented, based on identification by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and interpolation of retention times on a polyaromatic hydrocarbon index scale. The influence of some reaction parameters on product formation is briefly discussed.

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Small Scale Gas Producer-Engine Systems

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Modeling of Pyrolysis in a Stage Scheme of Low‐Grade Solid Fuel Gasification

Modeling of Pyrolysis in a Stage Scheme of Low‐Grade Solid Fuel Gasification

Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass

Gas chromatographic—mass spectrometric analysis of tar compounds formed during pyrolysis of rice husks

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