Small-scale downdraft gasifiers for biomass gasification: A review

Susastriawan, Anak Agung Putu; Saptoadi, Harwin; Purnomo, Purnomo

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.112

Cited by 297 publications

(154 citation statements)

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“…Another metric of feedstock quality is particle size and consistency. Higher degrees of homogeneity of the feedstock lead to more efficient operation of the gasifier (Susastriawan and Saptoadi, 2017). Additionally, smaller feedstock particle sizes lead to higher efficiency of the entire system because they have higher surface to volume ratio, thereby enabling improved heat transfer and promoting the reactivity of the biomass in the gasification process.…”

Section: Effects Of Feedstock Quality On Small Scale Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diesel generators are more reliable than gasifier gensets in part because they use a homogeneous liquid fuel and because of the maturity of the technology. Solid biomass fuels are, by nature, heterogeneous in size, moisture, and energy density, which requires additional preprocessing to achieve the narrow specifications of particle size and moisture content required for gasifiers to function properly (Susastriawan and Saptoadi, 2017). …”

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confidence: 99%

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Performance Analysis of a Biomass Gasifier Genset at Varying Operating Conditions

Palmer¹,

Severy²,

Chamberlin³

et al. 2018

Applied Engineering in Agriculture

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ABSTRACT. An All Power Labs PP20 gasifier generation set (Berkeley, Calif.) any promising technologies are emerging for the conversion of residual forest waste to useful products. These processes are collectively known as biomass conversion technologies (BCTs) and include processes such as torrefaction, densification, and biochar production. However, the feasibility of BCT projects is highly dependent on the transportation economics of the unprocessed waste biomass (Pan et al., 2008). From a transportation economics standpoint, it is often optimal to place a BCT operation as close to the fuel source as possible. Examples include forest landing sites, at the roadside, or in locations close to forestry operations, such as former sawmills. Although optimal for transportation costs, technological and logistical challenges arise when operating a BCT in remote locations. A key logistical factor for BCT operation is obtaining a reliable source of electricity. Many potential sites do not have access to grid electricity, and a remote power source is therefore required to provide electricity to the BCT. BACKROUNDIn a previous study by Severy et al. (2016), various remote power generation technologies were compared for their potential feasibility for providing power at a remote forest landing site. The technologies evaluated in this study were an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) waste heat recovery device, a thermoelectric generator, a biomass gasifier with an engine generator (All Power Labs Power Pallet, Berkeley, Calif.), a solar PV array with battery storage, and a shaft work power generator. The generation sources were evaluated based on their mobility, footprint, reliability, operational intensity, electrical load following ability, environmental impact, capital cost, operational cost safety, and ease of permitting. The results of the technoeconomic feasibility study concluded that a biomass gasifier was the preferred alternative technology to replace a diesel generator at a BCT site due to its mobility, small footprint, competitive lifecycle cost, and quoted load following abilities (Severy et al., 2016). To validate the results of the feasibility study and extend research on the topic, the goal of this study is to evaluate the suitability of the APL PP20 for powering biomass conversion technologies in the greater Pacific Northwest area. The objectives are to measure the power output and load following capabilities, quantify the emission rates, and provide electricity to a remote BCT that has a fluctuating load. By conducting these tests, the authors can verify whether this gasifier generator is a technically-viable alternative to a diesel generator at offgrid locations. GASIFIER AS AN ELECTRICAL POWER SOURCEGasification technology has been used for decades (Ghosh et al., 2006). However, due to relatively recent technology improvements, there has been an increase in development and interest in the technology. Ahrenfeldt et al. (2013) review the state of the art of biomass gasification combined heat and power (CHP) syst...

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Section: Effects Of Feedstock Quality On Small Scale Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of a Biomass Gasifier Genset at Varying Operating Conditions

Palmer¹,

Severy²,

Chamberlin³

et al. 2018

Applied Engineering in Agriculture

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“…This chapter describes the simplest fixed-bed gasifiers. Fixed-bed gasifiers have a long history and have established confidence through experience with small-scale biomass gasification reactors [4]. Figure 1 schematically illustrates fixed-bed updraft and downdraft gasifiers.…”

Section: Gasifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The conversion occurs owing to heat transfer between hot gases from the oxidation and biomass in the drying zone [4]. First, the moisture on the biomass surface evaporates followed by inherent moisture evaporation.…”

Section: Dryingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomass Gasification: A Review of Its Technology, Gas Cleaning Applications, and Total System Life Cycle Analysis

Koido¹,

Iwasaki²

2018

Lignin - Trends and Applications

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Gasification technology presents one option for energy-conversion technique from woody biomass contaminated by radionuclides released in March 2011 during the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. The gasification process converts carbonaceous materials into combustible gases, carbon dioxide, and residues. Owing to their smallscale distributed configuration, woody biomass gasification plants are suitable for gasifying Japan's biomass and have been installed increasingly in Japan recently. This chapter reviews current trends of gasification and life cycle assessment (LCA) of total systems, including gas cleaning.

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