Small Area Indices of Multiple Deprivation in South Africa

Noble, Michael; Barnes, Helen; Wright, Gemma; Roberts, Benjamin

doi:10.1007/s11205-009-9460-7

Cited by 117 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…But in this relatively impoverished population, it may well be that having some income makes it possible to buy alcohol or drugs that otherwise simply could not be accessed. Poverty is one of South Africa's main development challenges: A quarter of South Africans have an income under $14 a month (Drimie and Mini, 2003); many of the clinics in which we worked were situated in the most deprived areas of the City of Cape Town (Noble et al, 2006). Unemployed people in this population may therefore be using their resources for sheer survival rather than for purchasing substances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Correlates of Substance Use Among South African Primary Care Clinic Patients

Ward

Mertens

Flisher

et al. 2008

Substance Use & Misuse

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We aimed to assess prevalence and correlates of hazardous use of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs in a primary care population in Cape Town, South Africa. Stratified random sampling was used to select 14 of the 49 clinics in the public health sector in Cape Town, and every "nth" patient, with those ages 18-25 oversampled (N = 2,618). Data were collected from December 2003 through 2004, using the World Health Organization Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test. Hazardous use of tobacco was most common, followed by alcohol and then other drugs. Hazardous tobacco use was associated with the 18-25 years age group, no religious involvement, high school completion, and higher stress. Hazardous alcohol use was associated with male gender, younger men, no religious involvement, employment, some high school education, and higher stress. Hazardous use of other drugs was associated with Colored (mixed) race (particularly among men), no religious involvement, employment, and stress. For all substances, women, particularly Black women, had the lowest rates of hazardous use. Although the study is cross-sectional, it does identify groups that may be at high risk of substance misuse and for whom intervention is urgent. Because prevalence of substance use is high in this population, routine screening should be introduced in primary care clinics. (Parry, 2005;Sitas et al., 2004). Cannabis and methaqualone are the most frequently identified illicit drugs in drugrelated arrests, psychiatric diagnoses, and trauma patients (Parry et al., 2002), but treatment demand for cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamine use is increasing Parry, Myers, and Plüddemann, 2004).Primary health care services provide an advantageous location for intervening in substance use (Whitlock, Polen, Green, Orleans, and Klein, 2004;Fleming et al., 2002). In South Africa, the public health sector is the main provider of primary care (Health Systems Trust, 2004), yet no data are available on prevalence of substance misuse among South African patients.Risk factors are those associated with increased likelihood of negative health behaviors or outcomes, whereas protective factors are those that are associated with increased likelihood of positive health behaviors or outcomes, or with decreased likelihood of negative health behaviors or outcomes (Kirby, 2001). Although the association with disease occurrence may not be causal, such correlates are useful for identifying high-risk groups or factors that may be usefully targeted in intervention strategies. Risk and protective factors influencing substance use have not been much studied in the developing world (De Lima, Dunn, Novo, Tomasi, and Reisser, 2003).Personal characteristics identified as risk factors may include age, race, and gender. In South Africa, the racial categories defined under apartheid-Black, Colored (mixed race), Indian, and White-have a long association in South Africa with access both to alcohol and to treatment (Mager, 2004). Different race groups may demonstrate differen...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Correlates of Substance Use Among South African Primary Care Clinic Patients

Ward

Mertens

Flisher

et al. 2008

Substance Use & Misuse

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“…Various authors have emphasized that the combination monetary and non-monetary components would be able to improve the measurement and understanding of poverty (Betti & Verma, 2004;Nolan & Whelan, 2009;Battiston et al, 2013;Bruck & Kebede, 2013;Yu, 2013;Siani, 2015;Krishnan, 2015;Angulo, Diaz & Pardo, 2016;Kaptan, 2016;Martinez-Martinez et al, 2016). Local literature that also uses a hybrid measure includes Klasen, 2000;Noble, Barnes, Wright & Roberts, 2010;Statistics South Africa, 2014b). Alkire and Santos (2010) also admitted that all the living standard indicators were means rather than ends; they were not direct measures of functioning's.…”

Section: Poverty Measurement Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the proposed dimensions have special importance to the society of South Africa. International empirical evidence shows that dimensions of deprivation include lack of economic resources and unemployment (Atkinson et al, 2002;Noble, Barnes et al, 2010;Mitra et al, 2013) Over-indebtedness constitutes a deprivation symptom as excessive debt repayments dilute the instrumental power of household's disposable income. Pressman and Scott (2009) per cent in 2010 (Verick, 2012).The ability to be employed counts as an important indicator of wellbeing with obvious instrumental, but also considerable intrinsic significance.…”

Section: Rationale For the Selection Of Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The threshold effects of household indebtedness on multidimensional poverty

Ntsalaze

Ikhide

2017

IJSE

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DeclarationBy submitting this dissertation electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof (save to the extent explicitly otherwise stated), that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification.This dissertation includes two published and one accepted but not yet published original papers in peer-reviewed international journals. The fourth paper representing chapter eight is ready for submission for peer review. The development and writing of the papers (published and unpublished) were the principal responsibility of myself and, for each of the cases where this is not the case, a declaration is included in the dissertation indicating the nature and extent of the contributions of co-authors. AbstractGlobal household indebtedness has reached unprecedented levels over the past few decades.The household sector has had to cope with significant losses in income and wealth as well as the burden of debt service since the beginning of the financial crisis. Research focus on this phenomenon, together with its social implications, has grown. This study uses the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) data to empirically investigate the effects of household debt on multidimensional poverty. This was achieved through four independent research papers meant to address different angles of the subject. Chapter 5 provides a snapshot of the prevalence of over-indebtedness, using various international indicators and the National Credit Regulator (NCR) indicator, and describes which households are over-indebted. A total of eight percent of South African households are overindebted, and 61.4 percent of those households are found in the lowest income category (R0 -R2 000), spending more than 45 percent of their household income on debt repayments, which is beyond levels that are considered sustainable. The alarming revelation is that, according to the unsecured debt indicator, 15.2 percent of households are over-indebted, while 11 percent of households are driven below the relative income poverty line after making debt repayments. Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za 3The racial distribution indicates that households headed by Africans are overrepresented (79%).Most over-indebted households are found amongst those who own their places of residence (78.6%), do not receive government grants (71.7%), are male (53.8%), and have an unemployed household head (53.5%).Chapter 6 examines the presence of thresholds in the debt-poverty nexus at micro level, i.e. the tipping point above which debt is associated with more multidimensional poverty. By applying the Generalised Additive Model (GAM) using regression splines, the study finds the existence of critical tipping points between household debt service-to-income ratio and multidimensional poverty along with other explanatory variables (age...

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“…27,28 These indices are available for very disaggregated areas. They support the insight from the Rural Survey in that 80% of the wards in Mpumalanga are among the most deprived 25% in three or more domains, clearly an instance of cumulative deprivation.…”

Section: Human Wellbeing Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global sugar, regional water, and local people: EU sugar regime liberalisation, rural livelihoods, and the environment in the Incomati River Basin

Lorentzen

2009

S Afr J Sci

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IntroductionThe EU agreed under international pressure in 2005 to gradually liberalise its highly distorting sugar regime. This case study epitomises the complex interactions between trade liberalisation on the one hand and poverty and the environment on the other. The paper first describes pertinent environmental and social conditions in the Incomati Basin. It then outlines howt he EU sugar regime reform could affect sugar prices on the world market, and assesses the effects in South Africa. Next, it analyses the impact of a sugar production expansion on the environment and ecosystem services in the Basin. The geography of social impacts is then discussed. The conclusions include a recommendation as to how to reconcile local development with global trade liberalisation.

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Small Area Indices of Multiple Deprivation in South Africa

Abstract: Multiple deprivation, Indices, South Africa,

Cited by 117 publications

References 18 publications

Prevalence and Correlates of Substance Use Among South African Primary Care Clinic Patients

Prevalence and Correlates of Substance Use Among South African Primary Care Clinic Patients

The threshold effects of household indebtedness on multidimensional poverty

Global sugar, regional water, and local people: EU sugar regime liberalisation, rural livelihoods, and the environment in the Incomati River Basin

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