Slum relocation projects in Bangkok: what has contributed to their success or failure?

Unexpected negative outcomes of community participation in low-cost housing projects in South Africa

“…However, community participation is presented alternatively as the end, the means and the indicator of developmental objectives. It is seen, for example, as an important indicator to assess the performance of relocation projects (Viratkapan & Perera, 2006).…”

Spatial patterns of deprivation in cities of the global south in very high resolution imagery

“…As large-scale evictions were found to be ineffective due to their impact on the livelihoods of dwellers (Arimah, 2011;Kundu, 2004), in situ slum upgrading (Arimah, 2011), and low-cost housing solutions such as site and service schemes and guided land development emerged (Peattie, 1982;Pugh, 2001). Resettlement programs often further contributed to impoverishment (Patel, Sliuzas, & Mathur, 2015), though some successful resettlement projects (Coelho & Raman, 2010) showed that long-term community empowerment programs are necessary to ensure lasting improvements (Viratkapan & Perera, 2006) that may also take several generations to materialize (Perlman, 2010). By contrast, in situ upgrading programs showed success in many places (Abbott, 2003).…”

Toward a Sustainable and Resilient Future

“…This 'long-term' framing of adaptation can constrain both short-term coping and adaptive capacity, for example, when relocation of settlements to avoid coastal hazards undermines social capital and local livelihoods, limiting household coping and adaptive capacity (Hunter, 2005). There is a large literature and much experience related to slum relocation that is of direct relevance to urban coping and adaptation (Gilbert and Ward, 1984;Davidson et al, 1993;Viratkapan and Perera, 2006). Context is important in discussing tradeoffs between addressing short-and long-term risks, and even in wellgoverned systems, political expediency will often distort the regulatory process in a way that favors the short term (Platt, 1999).…”