Slip rate on the Dead Sea transform fault in northern Araba valley (Jordan)

Klinger, Yann; Avouac, Jean Philippe; Karaki, Najib Abou; Dorbath, L.; Bourlès, Didier; Reyss, Jean Louis

doi:10.1046/j.1365-246x.2000.00165.x

Cited by 169 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Small, but significant residual velocities within the Arabian plate near the EAF are consistent with deformation due to elastic strain accumulation [Vigny et al, 2006;Reilinger et al, 2006]. Our estimated slip rates for the DSF south of the Lebanon restraining bend (4.5-4.7 ± 0.2 mm/yr, left lateral; 0.8-1.1 ± 0.3 mm/yr extension) are consistent with other geodetic estimates [e.g., Wdowinski et al, 2004;Mahmoud et al, 2005], although more tightly constrained, as well as with Late Pleistocene, geologic estimates [e.g., Klinger et al, 2000]. Similarly, our estimated slip rate for the Owens fracture zone (3.2-2.5 ± 0.5 mm/yr, right lateral, increasing from north to south; 1-2 mm/yr extension) agrees with some prior geodetic and geologic estimates, as well as with the sense of motion deduced from earthquake focal mechanisms [DeMets et al, 1994;Reilinger et al, 2006;Fournier et al, 2008].…”

Section: Gps Data Analysis and Euler Vector Determinationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Geodetic constraints on present‐day motion of the Arabian Plate: Implications for Red Sea and Gulf of Aden rifting

ArRajehi

McClusky²,

Reilinger³

et al. 2010

Tectonics

195

146

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Five years of continuously recording GPS observations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia together with new continuous and survey‐mode GPS observations broadly distributed across the Arabian Peninsula provide the basis for substantially improved estimates of present‐day motion and internal deformation of the Arabian plate. We derive the following relative, geodetic Euler vectors (latitude (°N), longitude (°E), rate (°/Myr, counterclockwise)) for Arabia‐Nubia (31.7 ± 0.2, 24.6 ± 0.3, 0.37 ± 0.01), Arabia‐Somalia (22.0 ± 0.5, 26.2 ± 0.5, 0.40 ± 0.01), Arabia‐India (18.0 ± 3.8, 87.6 ± 3.3, 0.07 ± 0.01), Arabia‐Sinai (35.7 ± 0.8, 17.1 ± 5.0, 0.15 ± 0.04), and Arabia‐Eurasia (27.5 ± 0.1, 17.6 ± 0.3, 0.404 ± 0.004). We use these Euler vectors to estimate present‐day stability of the Arabian plate, the rate and direction of extension across the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, and slip rates along the southern Dead Sea fault south of the Lebanon restraining bend (4.5–4.7 ± 0.2 mm/yr, left lateral; 0.8–1.1 ± 0.3 mm/yr extension) and the Owens fracture zone (3.2–2.5 ± 0.5 mm/yr, right lateral, increasing from north to south; 1–2 mm/yr extension). On a broad scale, the Arabian plate has no resolvable internal deformation (weighted root mean square of residual motions for Arabia equals 0.6 mm/yr), although there is marginally significant evidence for N‐S shortening in the Palmyride Mountains, Syria at ≤ 1.5 mm/yr. We show that present‐day Arabia plate motion with respect to Eurasia is consistent within uncertainties (i.e., ±10%) with plate tectonic estimates since the early Miocene when Arabia separated from Nubia. We estimate the time of Red Sea and Gulf of Aden rifting from present‐day Arabia motion, plate tectonic evidence for a 70% increase in Arabia‐Nubia relative motion at 13 Ma, and the width of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden and find that rifting initiated roughly simultaneously (±2.2 Myr) along the strike of the Red Sea from the Gulf of Suez to the Afar Triple Junction, as well as along the West Gulf of Aden at 24 ± 2.2 Ma. Based on the present kinematics, we hypothesize that the negative buoyancy of the subducted ocean lithosphere beneath the Makran and the Zagros fold‐thrust belt is the principle driver of Arabia‐Eurasia convergence and that resisting forces associated with Arabia‐Eurasia continental collision have had little impact on plate motion.

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Section: Gps Data Analysis and Euler Vector Determinationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Geodetic constraints on present‐day motion of the Arabian Plate: Implications for Red Sea and Gulf of Aden rifting

ArRajehi

McClusky²,

Reilinger³

et al. 2010

Tectonics

195

146

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“…This range of slip rates is consistent with results from field studies along the DSFS [1][2][3]14]. There is a general agreement that movement on the DSFS has comprised two distinct episodes, although there are debates about the precise timing [9,15,16].…”

Section: Tectonic Settingsupporting

confidence: 81%

Late Cenozoic uplift along the northern Dead Sea transform in Lebanon and Syria

Gomez

Khawlie

Tabet

et al. 2006

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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“…Johnson and Segall (2004) also extended the Savage and Prescott (1978) model to include the localized creep on a linear viscous shear zone within the upper elastic layer. Geographic distribution of the 15 strike-slip faults considered in this study: (1) Alpine, (2) Altyn Tagh, (3) Dead Sea, (4) Elsinore, (5) Fairweather, (6) Garlock, (7) Karakoram, (8) SAF-Mojave, (9) North Anatolian, (10) Owens Valley, (11) Philippine, (12) SAF-Carrizo, (13) SAF-Indio, (14) San Jacinto, and (15) Haiyuan (Sharp, 1967(Sharp, , 1981Savage and Burford, 1973;Plafker et al, 1978;Sieh and Jahns, 1984;Lubetkin and Clark, 1988;Rockwell et al, 1990;Barrier et al, 1991;Lisowski et al, 1991;Merifield et al, 1991;McGill and Sieh, 1993;Beanland and Clark, 1994;Duquesnoy et al, 1994;Petersen and Wesnousky, 1994;Bennett et al, 1996Bennett et al, , 1997Armijo et al, 1999;Beavan et al, 1999;Lasserre et al, 1999;Bendick et al, 2000;Klinger et al, 2000;Reilinger et al, 2000;Argus and Gordon, 2001;Lee et al, 2001;Miller et al, 2001;Niemi et al, 2001;Norris and Cooper, 2001;Banerjee and Bürgmann, 2002;Brown et al, 2002;Hubert-Ferrari et al, 2002;Fletcher and Freymueller, 2003;Meghraoui et al, 2003;Lacassin et al, 2004;…”

Section: Constraining Time-dependent Earthquake-cycle Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inference of Multiple Earthquake-Cycle Relaxation Timescales from Irregular Geodetic Sampling of Interseismic Deformation

Meade

Klinger

Hetland

2013

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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Characterizing surface deformation throughout a full earthquake cycle is a challenge due to the lack of high-resolution geodetic observations of duration comparable to that of characteristic earthquake recurrence intervals (250-10,000 years). Here we approach this problem by comparing long-term geologic slip rates with geodetically derived fault slip rates by sampling only a short fraction (0.001%-0.1%) of a complete earthquake cycle along 15 continental strike-slip faults. Geodetic observations provide snapshots of surface deformation from different times through the earthquake cycle. The timing of the last earthquake on many of these faults is poorly known, and may vary greatly from fault to fault. Assuming that the underlying mechanics of the seismic cycle are similar for all faults, geodetic observations from different faults may be interpreted as samples over a significantly larger fraction of the earthquake cycle than could be obtained from the geodetic record along any one fault alone. As an ensemble, we find that geologically and geodetically inferred slip rates agree well with a linear relation of 0:94 0:09. To simultaneously explain both the ensemble agreement between geologic and geodetic slip-rate estimates with observations of rapid postseismic deformation, we consider the predictions from simple two-layer earthquake-cycle models with both Maxwell and Burgers viscoelastic rheologies. We find that a two-layer Burgers model, with two relaxation timescales, is consistent with observations of deformation throughout the earthquake cycle, whereas the widely used two-layer Maxwell model with a single relaxation timescale, is not, suggesting that the earthquake cycle is effectively characterized by a largely stressrecoverable rapid postseismic stage and a much more slowly varying interseismic stage.

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Slip rate on the Dead Sea transform fault in northern Araba valley (Jordan)

Cited by 169 publications

References 40 publications

Geodetic constraints on present‐day motion of the Arabian Plate: Implications for Red Sea and Gulf of Aden rifting

Geodetic constraints on present‐day motion of the Arabian Plate: Implications for Red Sea and Gulf of Aden rifting

Late Cenozoic uplift along the northern Dead Sea transform in Lebanon and Syria

Inference of Multiple Earthquake-Cycle Relaxation Timescales from Irregular Geodetic Sampling of Interseismic Deformation

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