Sliding friction of helium films in the metastable state and its relaxation

Hosomi, Nariko; Tanabe, Ayano; Suzuki, Masaru; Hieda, Mitsunori

doi:10.1103/physrevb.75.064513

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In our approach, the gold electrodes of a QCM were covered with Gr because the ample availability of phase diagrams of noble gases monolayers adsorbed on graphite [10] facilitates the interpretation of the QCM sliding measurements [11,12].…”

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confidence: 99%

Thermolubricity of gas monolayers on graphene

et al. 2014

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The nanofriction of Xe monolayers deposited on graphene was explored with a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) at temperatures between 25 and 50 K. Graphene was grown by chemical vapor deposition and transferred to the QCM electrodes with a polymer stamp. At low temperatures, the Xe monolayers are fully pinned to the graphene surface. Above 30 K, the Xe film slides and the depinning onset coverage beyond which the film starts sliding decreases with temperature. Similar measurements repeated on bare gold show an enhanced slippage of the Xe films and a decrease of the depinning temperature below 25 K. Nanofriction measurements of krypton and nitrogen confirm this scenario.This thermolubric behavior is explained in terms of a recent theory of the size dependence of static friction between adsorbed islands and crystalline substrates. Since its discovery, graphene has been found to possess numerous outstanding properties such as extreme mechanical strength, extraordinarily high electronic and thermal conductivity, thus opening the way to a plethora of possible applications [1]. In particular, the tribological features of graphene have received increasing attention in view of the development of graphene-based coatings [2]. Graphite is a well-known solid lubricant, used in many practical applications. Its nanofriction behavior has been investigated mainly by frictional force microscopy [3][4][5]. Measurements on few-layer graphene and single-layer graphene, prepared by micromechanical cleaving on weakly adherent substrates, have revealed that friction monotonically increases as the number of layers decreases [2,6,7], while, surprisingly, recent studies showed that this tendency is inverted when graphene is suspended [8].Here we present the results of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) study mainly focused on the sliding of Xe monolayers on graphene (Gr) between 20 and 50 K, a temperature range which has been scarcely investigated in the literature [9], despite its relevance for the formation of condensed two-dimensional phases of many simple gases [10]. In our approach, the gold electrodes of a QCM were covered with Gr because the ample availability of phase diagrams of noble gases monolayers adsorbed on graphite [10] facilitates the interpretation of the QCM sliding measurements [11,12].In previous QCM experiments Gr was grown epitaxially on a Ni(111) QCM electrode by heating the QCM to 400 • C in the presence of carbon monoxide [13,14].

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Thermolubricity of gas monolayers on graphene

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“…The full width at half maximum of the c-axis distribution is 12 • , as determined by x-ray scattering. From the specific surface area of 15.4 m 2 /g, and the change in the resonance frequency from bare Ag to Grafoil/Ag electrodes, the sensitivity for the mass loading of 4 He is estimated to be 4.2 Hz/atoms/nm 2 . The resonance frequency and Q value were measured using a transmission circuit.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The superfluidity of 4 He films is an interesting subject. In particular, the depletion of the superfluidity by adding 3 He has been reported for various substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 He tends to reside near the free surface of the film at low temperatures. From the specific heat measurement, Bhattacharyya and Gasparini have reported that in low areal densities of 3 He at low temperatures, 3 He on thin 4 He films formed on Nuclerpore undergoes a transition from a dilute, uniform density phase, to a denser, degenerate phase [1]. For thicker 4 He films and higher 3 He areal densities, the 3 He remains homogeneously spread out over the free surface of the film.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Csáthy and Chan have carried out torsional oscillator measurements for 3 He- 4 He mixture film formed on porous gold. They reported that the superfluid onset temperature T C decreases with the addition of 3 He.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of³He on superfluid⁴He films adsorbed on Grafoil

Hosomi

Taniguchi

Suzuki

et al. 2009

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract.We have studied an effect of 3 He on superfluid 4 He films adsorbed on exfoliated graphite (Grafoil) using a quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM) technique. It is known that zerotemperature superfluid mass and superfluid onset temperature of 4 He films adsorbed on porous gold substrate are suppressed, or even eliminated with the addition of 3 He. We found that the superfluid onset temperature of 4 He films on graphite decreases with the addition of 3 He. However, the superfluid mass does not increase monotonically with decreasing temperature; it has a peak and is suppressed below a certain temperature, which suggests a phase separation of the film at low temperatures.

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Fluid States of Helium Adsorbed in Nanopores

et al. 2009

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We have studied helium adsorbed in new nanopores which have regular structures from nano-cage to three-dimensionally (3D) connected pores. Adsorption potential and layer formation of the adsorbed helium are observed by the vapor pressure for the adsorption. New paradigms of zero-D and 1D helium fluids are realized in nano-cages and nano-channels, respectively. The superfluid onsets (transitions) in the 1D and 3D nanopores show obvious dependence on the pore connections. The superfluid in the 3D pores has properties similar to the Bose-Einstein condensation of the 3D Bose atomic gas. The films of the 3 He gas formed in the 4 He preplated nanopores show the dimensional crossover depending on the pore connection: from the 2D Boltzmann gas to a 1D or 3D gas state with decreasing temperature. This gas changes to the degenerate state in each dimension at the lower temperatures. Extremely high frequency measurements of the helium adatoms on flat substrate determined the superfluid vortex parameters of the 4 He films, and revealed a slippage (decoupling) of the helium adatoms in the non-superfluid state.

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Sliding friction of helium films in the metastable state and its relaxation

Cited by 25 publications

References 27 publications

Thermolubricity of gas monolayers on graphene

Thermolubricity of gas monolayers on graphene

Effect of³He on superfluid⁴He films adsorbed on Grafoil

Fluid States of Helium Adsorbed in Nanopores

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Sliding friction of helium films in the metastable state and its relaxation

Cited by 25 publications

References 27 publications

Thermolubricity of gas monolayers on graphene

Thermolubricity of gas monolayers on graphene

Effect of3He on superfluid4He films adsorbed on Grafoil

Fluid States of Helium Adsorbed in Nanopores

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Effect of³He on superfluid⁴He films adsorbed on Grafoil