Sleep Macroarchitecture in Depression: Sex Differences~!2009-11-01~!2010-03-01~!2010-04-21~!

Swanson, Leslie M.; Armitage, Roseanne

doi:10.2174/1874620901003010012

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…These findings, in addition to those found in the current study, suggest that the pathophysiology of MDD and other diseases are sex‐dependent, and may shed light on the process of neuronal recovery. The clinical course of MDD has been shown to be affected by gender, with more disturbed sleep found in males with an earlier age of onset of MDD and in females with more lifetime episodes (Swanson et al ., ). Taken together, these data suggest that clinicians and researchers should be sensitive to the possibility that the influence of gender on sleep, specifically, and depression, more generally, may not be consistent across groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Examining the effects of sleep delay on depressed males and females and healthy controls

Goldschmied

Cheng

Armitage

et al. 2014

Journal of Sleep Research

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SUMMARYIndividuals with major depressive disorder typically exhibit sleep electroencephalograpy abnormalities which have been shown to vary by sex. Recent research has shown that depressed males display deficits in slow wave sleep and delta electroencephalograph (EEG) activity that are not apparent in depressed females. This may suggest that males and females with depression vary with respect to their homeostatic regulation of sleep. Utilizing archival data, the present study examined the effects of a 3-h sleep delay, which represents a mild sleep challenge, on slow wave activity in healthy controls and individuals with depression. All participants slept in the laboratory for three sequential nights. On the third night in the laboratory, the participants' bedtime was delayed by 3 h. Slow wave activity was calculated utilizing power spectral analysis and compared across groups. Following the sleep delay, males with depression exhibited the lowest slow wave activity compared to all other groups. These results may suggest that males with depression are at a greater risk for homeostatic dysregulation than females, and may require specialized intervention. IN TROD UCTI ONSleep disturbance is one of the central symptoms reported by most individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD; Mendlewicz, 2009). Years of research looking at differences in sleep between healthy subjects and those diagnosed with MDD have greatly increased our understanding of the qualitative difference in sleep in those with MDD. With regard to the most common differences in visually scored sleep variables, research has shown consistently that individuals with MDD have more proportionate time awake, a measure of sleep efficiency, shorter time to enter REM sleep (REM latency), greater amount of REM sleep, increased amounts of rapid eye movements (REM density) and decreases in slow wave sleep compared to healthy controls. Understanding these qualitative differences has been an essential first step; however, newer methodology, including quantitative electroencephalograph (EEG) analysis, may allow us to assess more clearly the differences in sleep regulation in MDD. Borb ely and Wirz-Justice (1982) suggested that the sleep disturbances occurring in individuals with MDD, including delayed sleep onset and difficulty maintaining sleep, were a result of a reduced drive for sleep (process S). This model also suggests that those with MDD would present reduced slow wave sleep during the first portion of the night, when slow wave activity is typically at its highest. Kupfer et al. (1986) demonstrated that there was indeed a reduction in slow wave EEG activity in NREM sleep (SWA) in those with MDD; however, they also noted that there was only a very small relationship between time awake and reduced delta activity in those with MDD. Utilizing quantitative EEG analyses, Armitage et al. (1992Armitage et al. ( , 1995Armitage et al. ( , 1997Armitage et al. ( , 2000a have also shown that individuals with MDD exhibit an abnormal distribution of SWA across the nigh...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Examining the effects of sleep delay on depressed males and females and healthy controls

Goldschmied

Cheng

Armitage

et al. 2014

Journal of Sleep Research

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“…The lack of association between the sleep variables and depressive symptoms in this study was unexpected. There is evidence that shorter sleep time increases the risk of developing major depressive disorder, particularly in females (Brooks Girgenti, & Mills, 2009; Swanson, Hoffman, & Armitage, 2010), but recent study also suggests that the association between depression and sleep disturbance may not be a linear pattern (Sbarra & Allen, 2009). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep loss and its effects on health of family caregivers of individuals with primary malignant brain tumors

Pawl

Lee

Clark

et al. 2013

Research in Nursing & Health

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Sleep loss places caregivers at risk for poor health. Understanding correlates of sleep loss and relationships to health may enable improvement of health of caregivers of individuals with primary malignant brain tumors (PMBT). In this cross-sectional, descriptive study of 133 caregivers, relationships were examined between sleep loss and physical, mental, emotional, and social health at time of patient diagnosis. Sleep loss was not related to physical health. Shorter total sleep time was associated with greater fatigue and social support. Sleep quality was positively associated with quality of life. Further study is needed of the role of sleep loss in the PMBT caregiving trajectory and its long-term relationship with health outcomes.

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“…These changes are evident using both visually scored EEG, and methods of analysis that examine the underlying frequency structure of EEG, referred to as quantitative EEG analysis. For example, visually scored EEG changes in MDD include longer time to fall asleep (sleep onset latency), increased wake time after sleep onset, and associated increases in lighter stages of sleep including stage 1 sleep [3], changes in rapid eye-movement (REM) sleep including increased percentage of REM sleep, increased REM density (an increase in the number of actual rapid eye movements), and decreased REM latency (the time it takes to first enter REM sleep), and reduced slow-wave sleep (SWS) [4, 5]. With regard to quantitative EEG, at baseline, those with MDD show increased fast frequency EEG during sleep, including increased alpha and beta power in addition to lower amplitude delta power, or slow-wave activity (SWA), than healthy individuals, especially in the first non-REM (NREM) period [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Model of Slow-Wave Activity and Neuroplasticity Impairments in Major Depressive Disorder

Goldschmied

Gehrman

2019

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Purpose of Review In this review, we aim to integrate the most recent research highlighting alterations in sleep slow-wave activity (SWA), and impairments in neuroplasticity in major depressive disorder (MDD) into a novel model of disorder maintenance. Recent Findings Sleep homeostasis has been shown to be impaired in MDD, with a subset of individuals also demonstrating impaired SWA. SWA is considered a marker of the homeostatic regulation of sleep, and is implicated in the downscaling of synaptic strength in the context of maintaining homeostatic plasticity. Individuals with MDD have been shown to exhibit impairments in both neural plasticity such as loss of dendritic branching, and synaptic plasticity such as decreased long-term potentiation-dependent learning and memory. Summary Alterations in the homeostatic regulation of sleep, SWA, and synaptic plasticity in MDD suggest an underlying impairment in the modulation of synaptic strength. One candidate mechanism for this impairment is AMPA receptor trafficking.

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Sleep Macroarchitecture in Depression: Sex Differences~!2009-11-01~!2010-03-01~!2010-04-21~!

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Examining the effects of sleep delay on depressed males and females and healthy controls

Examining the effects of sleep delay on depressed males and females and healthy controls

Sleep loss and its effects on health of family caregivers of individuals with primary malignant brain tumors

An Integrated Model of Slow-Wave Activity and Neuroplasticity Impairments in Major Depressive Disorder

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