Sleep, Glucose, and Daytime Functioning in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes

Abstract

Participants with a Total-AHI ≥ 1.5 had higher glucose levels. Sleepiness and/or poor sleep habits correlated with reduced quality of life, depressed mood, lower grades, and lower state standardized reading scores. Diabetic youth spent more time (%) in stage N2 and less time in stage N3. Findings related to sleep architecture included associations between reduced SWS and higher HbA1C, worse quality of life, and sleepiness. More time (%) spent in stage N2 related to higher glucose levels/hyperglycemia, behavioral difficulties, reduced quality of life, lower grades, depression, sleep-wake behavior problems, poor sleep quality, sleepiness, and lower state standardized math scores.

Hyperglycemia is associated with simultaneous alterations in electrical brain activity in youths with type 1 diabetes mellitus

“…Previous reports demonstrated abnormal sleep pattern in T1DM population (van Dijk et al, 2011;Perfect et al, 2012). Electrographical changes in brain activity during sleep in association with hyperglycemic excursions, as we present in our study, may underlie these abnormalities.…”

“…These studies have suggested that hyperglycemia is associated with simultaneous slowing of cognitive performance (Draelos et al, 1995;Gschwend et al, 1995;Davis et al, 1996;Cox et al, 2002Cox et al, , 2005Gonder-Frederick et al, 2009) and impaired sleep quality (Perfect et al, 2012). Possible association has been reported between gamma-band brain activity and high cognitive functions in healthy population (Herrmann et al, 2010) and electrographic changes define the various stages of sleep and their differentiation from wakefulness.…”

Validity of Actigraphy in Measurement of Sleep in Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes

“…Because PSG studies have identified poor sleep quality 9,10 and altered sleep architecture in individuals with T1DM, 11,12 it is important for ongoing research to determine if actigraphy provides a valid measure of sleep in individuals with T1DM. The aim of this investigation was to compare Actiwatch2-and PSG-based measures of sleep in young adults with T1DM, and to determine which threshold setting provides the best correspondence.…”

“…Children 12 and young adults 11 with T1DM spend more time in light (stage 2) sleep and exhibit more awakenings from sleep 26 than do healthy controls. The low setting for the Actiwatch2 has a lower threshold Lower and upper limits are for 95% confidence intervals.…”

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Youth With Diabetes Mellitus

“…397,398 One observational study compared sleep stages in youth with T1DM and age-, sex-, and BMI-matched control subjects. 399 The association of hypoglycemia with depth of sleep has been conflicting 400,401 ; however, fluctuations in glucose levels (≥25 mg·dL…”