Sleep disordered breathing in childhood

Gökdemir, Yasemin; Ersu, Refika

doi:10.1183/16000617.0081-2015

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Obesity is a major risk factor of OSAS [1,2,3,4,5,6,7], and both of these conditions impose adverse neurocognitive, mood, behavioral, cardiovascular, and metabolic consequences in both children and adults. In addition, as the awareness and consequently the frequency of diagnosing OSAS have increased, a large list of additional OSAS-associated morbidities has been reported, including chronic kidney disease, erectile dysfunction, ocular conditions, Alzheimer disease, nocturia, and even cancer in adults, while in children enuresis and bruxism are frequent adverse consequences [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31]. Efforts are ongoing to develop new and more effective therapies for OSAS based on underlying mechanisms promoting upper airway collapsibility during sleep [32,33].…”

Section: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (Osas) and Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Inflammation: Proof of Concept Based on Two Illustrative Cytokines

Kheirandish‐Gozal

Gozal

2019

IJMS

207

156

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Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a markedly prevalent condition across the lifespan, particularly in overweight and obese individuals, which has been associated with an independent risk for neurocognitive, behavioral, and mood problems as well as cardiovascular and metabolic morbidities, ultimately fostering increases in overall mortality rates. In adult patients, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is the most frequent symptom leading to clinical referral for evaluation and treatment, but classic EDS features are less likely to be reported in children, particularly among those with normal body-mass index. The cumulative evidence collected over the last two decades supports a conceptual framework, whereby sleep-disordered breathing in general and more particularly OSAS should be viewed as low-grade chronic inflammatory diseases. Accordingly, it is assumed that a proportion of the morbid phenotypic signature in OSAS is causally explained by underlying inflammatory processes inducing end-organ dysfunction. Here, the published links between OSAS and systemic inflammation will be critically reviewed, with special focus on the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), since these constitute classical prototypes of the large spectrum of inflammatory molecules that have been explored in OSAS patients.

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Section: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (Osas) and Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Inflammation: Proof of Concept Based on Two Illustrative Cytokines

Kheirandish‐Gozal

Gozal

2019

IJMS

207

156

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“…The golden standard method for SDB diagnosis is polysomnography (PSG). However, there are restrictions on applying PSG in large-scale population-based epidemiological surveys and health screenings [30]. Therefore, the PSQ, a tool validated to have a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 87% for identifying children with SDB, was used in this study [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric sleep-disordered breathing in Shanghai: characteristics, independent risk factors and its association with malocclusion

Tong

Wang

et al. 2023

BMC Oral Health

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Objectives This study aimed to determine the prevalence and independent risk factors of SDB, and explore its association with malocclusion among 6–11-year-old children in Shanghai, China. Methods A cluster sampling procedure was adopted in this cross-sectional study. Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) was applied to evaluate the presence of SDB. Questionnaires including PSQ, medical history, family history, and daily habits/environment were completed by parents under instruction, and oral examinations were implemented by well-trained orthodontists. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify independent risk factors for SDB. Chi-square tests and Spearman's Rank Correlation were used to estimate the relationship between SDB and malocclusion. Results A total of 3433 subjects (1788 males and 1645 females) were included in the study. The SDB prevalence was about 17.7%. Allergic rhinitis (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.09–1.79), adenotonsillar hypertrophy (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.82–3.19), paternal snoring (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.53–2.53), and maternal snoring (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.05–1.73) were independent risk factors for SDB. The SDB prevalence was higher in children with retrusive mandibles than in proper or excessive ones. No significant difference was observed in the correlation between SDB and lateral facial profile, mandible plane angle, constricted dental arch form, the severity of anterior overjet and overbite, degree of crowding and spacing, and the presence of crossbite and open bite. Conclusions The prevalence of SDB in primary students in the Chinese urban population was high and highly associated with mandible retrusion. The independent risk factors included Allergic rhinitis, adenotonsillar hypertrophy, paternal snoring, and maternal snoring. More efforts should be made to enhance public education about SDB and related dental-maxillofacial abnormalities.

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“…Poor ventilation system in houses occupied by these children may predispose them to recurrent upper airway infection with development of obstructive adenotonsillar hyperplasia. Few studies in the USA have implicated the black race and African American origin as a risk factor for sleep-disordered breathing, and majority of African American parents are in the low socioeconomic class [35,[38][39][40][41]. Twenty-one (33.8%) patients in high socioeconomic class constituted the second highest group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term effect of adenotonsillectomy on growth and nutritional anthropometric parameters of children with obstructive adenotonsillar enlargement

Fasunla

Totyen

Onakoya

et al. 2020

Egypt Pediatric Association Gaz

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Background: Obstructive adenotonsillar enlargement is known to cause failure to thrive in children. The effect of adenotonsillectomy is not well documented on the growth of affected children. The study was carried out to investigate the effect of adenotonsillectomy on growth of children with obstructive adenotonsillar enlargement. It was a quasi-experimental study consisting of 62 children (≤ 12 years) with obstructive adenotonsillar enlargement and 62 healthy controls. Variables measured at baseline, sixth week and 13th week post adenotonsillectomy, were weight, height, mid-upper arm circumference, and triceps skinfold thickness. The percent of weight-forage and height-forage were, respectively, calculated by dividing the child's weight and height by the median expected weight and height (i.e., the 50th percentile) based on the child's chronological age. The obtained weight-forage and height-forage values were used to determine the presence of failure to thrive and stunting, respectively. Results: Majority (70.6%) of the patients with malnutrition were from a low socioeconomic class. At baseline, failure to thrive and stunting were found among 17 (26.4%) cases and 11 (17.7%) controls, but the proportion reduced to six (9.7%) and three (4.8%), respectively, at the 13th week post adenotonsillectomy. There was a steady increase in weight-forage , height-forage , mid-upper arm circumference, and triceps skinfold thickness in both cases and controls from baseline to the 13th week. However, there was a significant difference in percentage variation of these variables between the two groups. Conclusions: Adenotonsillectomy improved the growth of children with obstructive adenotonsillar enlargement and hence recommended in cases with failure to thrive and stunting.

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Sleep disordered breathing in childhood

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Inflammation: Proof of Concept Based on Two Illustrative Cytokines

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Inflammation: Proof of Concept Based on Two Illustrative Cytokines

Pediatric sleep-disordered breathing in Shanghai: characteristics, independent risk factors and its association with malocclusion

Short-term effect of adenotonsillectomy on growth and nutritional anthropometric parameters of children with obstructive adenotonsillar enlargement

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