Sleep Bruxism, Awake Bruxism and Sleep Quality among Brazilian Dental Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of sleep bruxism, awake bruxism and sleep quality among dental students of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was performed including 183 Brazilian dental students aged from 17 to 46 years old. The complete course curriculum consists of 9 semesters. Students enrolled in the first semester, the middle semester and the final semester of the course participated in the survey. The PSQI-BR (the Brazilian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire Index) was used for data collection. The PSQI-BR was distributed during lecture classes. Sleep bruxism and awake bruxism diagnosis was based on self-reported data. Descriptive analysis, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Poisson regression with robust estimator were the statistical tests used. Sleep bruxism prevalence was 21.5% and awake bruxism prevalence was 36.5%. Sleep duration components were associated with sleep bruxism (PR=1.540; 95% CI: 1.00-2.37) and awake bruxism (PR=1.344; 95% CI: 1,008-1,790). There was an association between awake bruxism and habitual sleep efficiency component (PR=1.323; 95% CI: 1.03-1.70). Sleep disturbance component and awake bruxism were associated (PR=1.533; 95% CI: 1.03-2.27). Poor sleep quality was an important factor among dental students, who reported sleep bruxism as well as among those who presented awake bruxism.

Parafunctional habits are associated cumulatively to painful temporomandibular disorders in adolescents

“…It has been suggested that sleep quality is associated with sleep bruxism and awake bruxism. 29 Low sleep quality seems to be a potential risk factor for TMD pain. 30 This variable should be looked into further in future studies.…”

Bruxism and Current Treatment Approaches

“…SerraNegra ve arkadaları, 183 di hekimliği öğrencisi ile yaptıkları çalımada bruksizm ile uyku kalitesi arasında anlamlı bir iliki bulmutur. Zayıf uyku kalitesinin öğrencilerde bruksizmi tetiklediğini rapor etmitir 63 .…”

Symptoms in different severity degrees of bruxism: a cross-sectional study

“…Even though some support for the association among bruxism, pain, change in sleep quality and oral health; anxiety, stress and depression has been provided, it remains a controversial issue. While bruxism can trigger these symptoms, it can also be generated by them 2,4,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . Although there are studies about bruxism and psychosocial symptoms, those that associate bruxism with muscle pain, sleep quality, oral health, anxiety, stress and depression simultaneously are scarce, methodologically different and poor.…”

“…Although there are studies about bruxism and psychosocial symptoms, those that associate bruxism with muscle pain, sleep quality, oral health, anxiety, stress and depression simultaneously are scarce, methodologically different and poor. In addition, some of these studies present lack of information about bruxism type, heterogeneous assessment tools and the use of single clinical approach to the diagnosis of bruxism, not allowing a distinction between the sleep and awake bruxism 2,4,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . Therefore, the knowledge of symptoms in different severity degrees of the bruxism is relevant for choice of therapeutic approaches, such as physiotherapeutic interventions and dental treatments, with the objectives of preventing and/or controlling bruxism and its symptoms 5,6 .…”