Slagging tendencies of wood pellet ash during combustion in residential pellet burners

Öhman, Marcus; Boman, Christoffer; Hedman, Henry; Nordin, Anders; Boström, Dan

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2003.08.016

Cited by 175 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…On the other hand, wood bark softened at 1000-1200 °C and had a melting point of 1480 °C. Ohman et al [40] showed initial melting at 850-1025 °C. According to the research, the lowest melting temperature when stored bark was used as fuel, occurred at 866 ± 7 °C.…”

Section: Softening and Melting Of Ashmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ash Management Review—Applications of Biomass Bottom Ash

et al. 2012

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Abstract:In industrialized countries, it is expected that the future generation of bioenergy will be from the direct combustion of residues and wastes obtained from biomass. Bioenergy production using woody biomass is a fast developing application since this fuel source is considered to be carbon neutral. The harnessing of bioenergy from these sources produces residue in the form of ash. As the demand for bioenergy production increases, ash and residue volumes will increase. Major challenges will arise relating to the efficient management of these byproducts. The primary concerns for ash are its storage, disposal, use and the presence of unburned carbon. The continual increase in ash volume will result in decreased ash storage facilities (in cases of limited room for landfill expansion), as well as increased handling, transporting and spreading costs. The utilization of ash has been the focus of many studies, hence this review investigates the likely environmental and technological challenges that increased ash generation may cause. The presence of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, chlorine, sulphur and silicon influences the reactivity and leaching to the inorganic phases which may have significant impacts on soils and the recycling of soil nutrient. Discussed are some of the existing technologies for the processing of ash. Unburned carbon present in ash allows for the exploration of using ash as a fuel. The paper proposes sieve fractionation as a suitable method for the separation of unburnt carbon present in bottom ash obtained from a fixed-bed combustion system, followed by the application of the gasification technology to particle sizes of energy importance. It is hoped that this process will significantly reduce the volume of ash disposed at landfills. OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2012, 5 3857

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Section: Softening and Melting Of Ashmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While a definite number cannot be ascertained, equations have helped in such predictions. According to Ohman et al [40] slagging is considered to be the melting of ash. Two important parameters are the alkali index (AI) and the base-to-acid ratio (R b/a ) of wood-ash [24].…”

Section: Softening and Melting Of Ashmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ash Management Review—Applications of Biomass Bottom Ash

et al. 2012

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“…Gilbe et al [6] performed an analysis on collected slag samples using SEM, EDS and X-ray techniques to analyze the components mainly responsible for its production. Öhman et al [10] determined that one of the main contributors to slag is the silicon ash content. Alkali silicates have a low melting point.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first examination includes a proximate and ultimate analysis of the fuel as well as an elemental analysis of the ashes. Some predictions into the behavior of the fuel are made based on these results [6,10]. If the fuels are tested in an actual combustor, pollutant emissions are recorded and verified to meet standards [4] for either gaseous or solid particle emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of the Viability of Low-Grade Biofuels in Small-Scale Appliances

et al. 2017

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Abstract:This experimental work aims to study the viability of making use of agricultural and forest residues as an alternative to produce biofuels for commercial devices. It focuses on the feasibility of three non-commercial biomass fuels in an underfed biomass pilot combustor with a power range of 7-12 kW th (500-800 kW/m 2 ). To carry out the investigation, the repeatability of the facility was studied using fuel with a high ash content. The relative deviations in the main parameters considered (combustion rate, gaseous emissions and particulate matter emissions) were below 10%. A feasibility analysis was performed by comparing the result obtained with a barley and leaf pellet with that obtained with a commercial wood pellet as a reference. The parameters used in this study were the operational parameters of the plant as well as the particle concentration and distribution, fouling and slagging. Comparing the results of the different fuels, it was determined that 25% leaf + 75% wood pellet (lp25) could be used as a commercial pellet with the incorporation of an additive. However, the two other fuels presented undesirable behavior characterized by high particle concentrations and notable amounts of slag.

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“…Purely the energy release efficiency point of view would support very short pellets, but in the case of biomass ash melting point and slagging are often a problem [12,13]. In this case, the lower combustion temperature facilitated by longer pellet length would be beneficial and secondary air would play an important role in emission control.…”

Section: Fig (5)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Scale Pilot Combustion Experiments with Wood Pellets – The Effect of Pellet Length

Sikanen¹

2012

TOREJ

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Abstract:The primary objective of this study was to observe the effect of pellet length on utility and combustion temperature. Pellets with various lengths were combusted in a pellet stove. Pellet length was found to have a significant effect on the combustion temperature and stability. Increasing the length of pellets from 5.8mm to 13.1mm decreased the average burning temperature by 31% and flue gas temperature by 25%. The major determinants of combustion efficiency derived from pellet length were assessed.

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Slagging tendencies of wood pellet ash during combustion in residential pellet burners

Cited by 175 publications

References 7 publications

Ash Management Review—Applications of Biomass Bottom Ash

Ash Management Review—Applications of Biomass Bottom Ash

Experimental Study of the Viability of Low-Grade Biofuels in Small-Scale Appliances

Small Scale Pilot Combustion Experiments with Wood Pellets – The Effect of Pellet Length

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