Experimental Study of the Viability of Low-Grade Biofuels in Small-Scale Appliances

Regueiro, Araceli; Jezerská, Lucie; Patiño, David; Pérez-Orozco, Raquel; Nečas, Jan; Žídek, Martin

doi:10.3390/su9101823

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The facility repeatability using fuels with a high ash content (≈ 6%) was verified in a previous study [12]. Table 6 shows all tests carried out in this study with their duration and optimal parameters.…”

Section: Stability Of the Combustion Unitsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…To determine the stability period and the optimum parameters for the facility, a series of preliminary tests were carried out. The total duration of each is related to the fuel characteristics, especially ash content [12]. The total duration of the tests carried out in this study was 2 h and 30 min, consisting of an initial transient period of 45 min, a stationary period of 1 h and 30 min, and a shutdown of 15 min for each combustion.…”

Section: Experimental Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flow index (ffc) is the ratio of major consolidation stress (σ 1 ) to unconfined yield strength (σ c ). Material was classified according to rules developed by Jenike, as performed in previous work [12]. Flow characteristics were determined at room temperature 23 • C ± 1 • C and the relative humidity was 46% ± 2%.…”

Section: Particle Size Distribution Flowability and Shear Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the last one could be a good an option, although its commercialization it needs the incorporation of additives to improve the fuel properties. The particulate matter (PM) emissions for the low-grade biofuels were between 257 mg/Nm 3 and 325 mg/Nm 3 , 17 mg/Nm 3 and 43 mg/Nm 3 , and 22 mg/Nm 3 and 53 mg/Nm 3 for pellet made of barley, leaf, and a mixture of 25% leaf/-75% wood, respectively [12]. Andreasen and Larsen studied straw pellet combustion and compared their results with wood pellets.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Viability Evaluation of Three Grass Biofuels: Experimental Study in a Small-Scale Combustor

et al. 2019

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This experimental study focusses on the viability of three low-grade biofuels in small-scale biomass units of 7-12 kW The tested materials were homemade grass pellets (gp1 and gp2) and a mixture of leaves and woody pellets (lp50) that were made without binders and completely characterized in terms of their chemical and physical properties (proximate analysis, elementary composition, ash content, flowability, etc.). The results obtained with the non-commercial fuels were compared with commercial wood pellets (wp). The viability study comprised the operational parameter influences, such as primary and secondary airflow, fuel consumption, etc., together with the impact of those parameters on the main problems in combustion (concentration and particle distribution, fouling and slagging). The results revealed that the biomass whose behavior during combustion induced fewer particulate emissions and deposits was the mixed fuel, made of 50% leaf + 50% wood pellet (lp50). Contrary to the grass-based pellets, lp50 has the possibility of being used in commercial devices with the incorporation of processes during the manufacturing that improve their properties. work helps researchers make choices related to the design and operation of facilities for the utilization of agricultural residues biomass [8]. Verma et al., due to a growing market for sunflower husks in Belgium, Ukraine, and Poland, decided to compare them with other fuels (wood, apple pomace, peat . . . ) in a residential pellet boiler, reaching efficiency values of up to 92.4% in the best case scenario [5,9]. Sampson et al. used biomass from agriculture, such as switchgrass and energy crops, and they verify the viability of their production with low cost and reduction of greenhouse effect because they have an important potential to displace fossil fuels [10]. Gonzalez et al. investigated the combustion of pellets made with different agricultural residues (forest, tomato plant, cardoon, and olive bone) for domestic heat production. They also investigated the mixture of these fuels in different percentages. In this study some combustion parameters have been analyzed and it was determined that the behavior of the residues is similar to that of the forest pellet. Besides, they verified that the optimum residue mixture was forest (25%) and tomato (75%) [11]. Regueiro et al. analyzed the viability of three non-commercial fuels (barley pellet, leaf pellet (100%), and a mixture with leaf pellet (25%) and wood pellet (75%)) through the study of different combustion parameters. They concluded that the first two options were a bad alternative. Nevertheless, the last one could be a good an option, although its commercialization it needs the incorporation of additives to improve the fuel properties. The particulate matter (PM) emissions for the low-grade biofuels were between 257 mg/Nm 3 and 325 mg/Nm 3 , 17 mg/Nm 3 and 43 mg/Nm 3 , and 22 mg/Nm 3 and 53 mg/Nm 3 for pellet made of barley, leaf, and a mixture of 25% leaf/-75% wood, respectively [12]. Andreasen and Larsen studie...

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Section: Stability Of the Combustion Unitsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Experimental Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Particle Size Distribution Flowability and Shear Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viability Evaluation of Three Grass Biofuels: Experimental Study in a Small-Scale Combustor

et al. 2019

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“…It was designed and developed at the University of Vigo, and various investigative studies were carried out in their facility. Throughout the studies, students have been developing and incorporating improvements in the facility, which allow to analyze the parameters object of study in any moment . It is a low‐scale biomass combustor with an underfeed fixed‐bed and air staging; it has primary and secondary air inlets.…”

Section: Development and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing a holistic process of learning for implementing sustainability: An experience in an engineering doctoral program

Regueiro

Crespo

Míguez‐Álvarez

et al. 2019

Comp Applic In Engineering

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Education is a key element of reaching sustainability. The incorporation of sustainability into doctoral programs can be promoted using new learning methods through the practices carried out by the PhD students. These methods include learning by doing, blended learning, collaborative learning, and project based learning, all of which are presented in the practical experience described in this article. This study describes the training that students receive in the doctoral program “Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in Engineering and Architecture,” which is offered in the Engineering School at the University of Vigo. The study includes an analysis of the facility and its operations, the teaching methods used and the students' perceptions of sustainability's incorporation into the program. In this practice, students worked with an experimental facility that could be controlled and supervised both manually and remotely. Students performed numerous tasks, including studying the main problems related to the combustion of biomass and its impact on sustainable development. On the one hand, students have used different measuring devices to control and monitor facilities, and, on the other hand, they have discussed and analyzed data, thereby improving the work capacity with the facility equipment, team work skill and communication with each other effectively. As a conclusion, students showed sincere interest in development of the practice, and they participated actively in each of its phases. The learning methodology used was found to increase student motivation.

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Improvement of Biomass Fuel Properties for Rice Straw Pellets Using Torrefaction and Mixing with Wood Chips

Kizuka

Ishii

Ochiai

et al. 2020

Waste Biomass Valor

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Utilization of rice pellets as biomass fuel has many challenges compared with wood pellets, including low heating value, low bulk density, and high ash content, that cause high logistic costs and clinker formation. To solve these problems, this study focused on upgrading the quality of rice straw pellets to improve logistic efficiency by torrefaction and mixing with wood chips. Torrefaction and mixing with wood chips was effective to improve the energy density, the mechanical durability and the contents of fixed carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and ash, leading to the improvement of both logistic efficiency and combustion behavior. The burning test showed that increases in the fixed carbon content and the mechanical durability contributed to stable increases in the temperature inside the furnace during starting up and reduced the amount of ash in the exhaust gas during stable combustion.

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Experimental Study of the Viability of Low-Grade Biofuels in Small-Scale Appliances

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Viability Evaluation of Three Grass Biofuels: Experimental Study in a Small-Scale Combustor

Viability Evaluation of Three Grass Biofuels: Experimental Study in a Small-Scale Combustor

Designing a holistic process of learning for implementing sustainability: An experience in an engineering doctoral program

Improvement of Biomass Fuel Properties for Rice Straw Pellets Using Torrefaction and Mixing with Wood Chips

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